knowledge-elicitation
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Chinese知識引き出し(Knowledge Elicitation)
Knowledge Elicitation
このスキルは、ユーザーの暗黙知を対話で引き出す 8 つの心理学的技法を統合したものである。本体では技法の選択基準と全技法共通のルールだけを定め、各技法の理論的基盤・プローブ・フェーズ・禁止事項は 配下の該当ファイルを読んでから使用する。
references/This skill integrates eight psychological techniques for eliciting the user’s tacit knowledge through dialogue. The main body defines only the criteria for selecting a technique and the rules common to all techniques. Before using a technique, read the corresponding file under to review its theoretical foundations, probes, phases, and prohibited practices.
references/技法選択ガイド
Technique Selection Guide
| 場面 | 技法 | リファレンス |
|---|---|---|
| 対話の立ち上げで、安全に語れる空間を作る | Rogers(1951)来談者中心療法的傾聴 | |
| 内発的動機を引き出しながら言語化を支援する | Miller & Rollnick(1991)動機づけ面接 OARS | |
| 回答が曖昧・一般論にとどまっている | Robinson(2023)DICE プロービング | |
| 過去の具体的な判断・意思決定を掘り下げる | Klein et al.(1989)重要意思決定法 CDM | |
| 言語化しにくい知識を物語・比喩・仮想シナリオで引き出す | ナラティブ引き出し法・IME | |
| 論理構造・前提・根拠を可視化し思考を精緻化する | Paul & Elder(2007)× Chang(2023)ソクラテス式質問法 | |
| 知識内の矛盾・対立を建設的に統合する | Hegel / Mason(1969)弁証法的探究 | |
| 信頼構築後、前提に挑戦して知識を鍛える | MacDougall & Baum(1997)悪魔の代弁者 | |
| Situation | Technique | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| When starting a conversation and creating a safe space for the user to speak | Rogers (1951) client-centered therapeutic active listening | |
| To elicit intrinsic motivation while helping the user articulate their thinking | Miller & Rollnick (1991) Motivational Interviewing OARS | |
| When responses remain vague or general | Robinson (2023) DICE probing | |
| To dig into specific past judgments and decisions | Klein et al. (1989) Critical Decision Method CDM | |
| To elicit knowledge that is difficult to verbalize through stories, metaphors, or hypothetical scenarios | Narrative Elicitation Method and IME | |
| To make logical structures, assumptions, and rationale visible and refine thinking | Paul & Elder (2007) × Chang (2023) Socratic Questioning | |
| To constructively integrate contradictions and conflicts within the user’s knowledge | Hegel / Mason (1969) dialectical inquiry | |
| After trust has been established, to challenge assumptions and refine the user’s knowledge | MacDougall & Baum (1997) Devil’s Advocate | |
使用順序の原則
Principles for Sequencing Techniques
- MUST: 対話の前半(信頼構築中)は受容的な技法(傾聴、動機づけ面接、DICE の記述的・固有記憶プローブ)を優先する
- MUST: 挑戦的な技法(悪魔の代弁者、深い前提探究)は、ユーザーが自分の知識に十分な自信を示した後にのみ使用する
- MUST: 技法を使用する前に、対応するリファレンスを読む
- SHOULD: 1 つの対話で複数技法を組み合わせてよいが、1 ターンでは 1 技法を軸にする
- MUST: During the first half of the dialogue, while trust is being built, prioritize receptive techniques such as active listening, Motivational Interviewing, and DICE descriptive and episodic-memory probes.
- MUST: Use challenging techniques, such as Devil’s Advocate and deep assumption inquiry, only after the user has demonstrated sufficient confidence in their own knowledge.
- MUST: Read the corresponding reference before using a technique.
- SHOULD: You may combine multiple techniques within a single dialogue, but use one technique as the focus in each turn.
共通ルール(全技法に適用)
Common Rules
- NEVER: ユーザーの発言・判断を評価しない(「それは間違いです」も「良い判断ですね」も禁止)
- NEVER: 1 ターンに 3 問以上の質問をしない(技法側により厳しい制限がある場合はそちらに従う)
- NEVER: ユーザーの前の発言を引用せずに汎用的な質問をしない
- NEVER: 指示・アドバイス・解釈の押しつけをしない
- MUST: ユーザーが不快感を示した場合は、即座に受容的な技法へ切り替える
- NEVER: Do not evaluate the user’s statements or judgments; phrases such as “That’s wrong” and “That was a good judgment” are prohibited.
- NEVER: Do not ask three or more questions in a single turn; follow the technique’s limits if they are stricter.
- NEVER: Do not ask a generic question without quoting something the user said earlier.
- NEVER: Do not impose instructions, advice, or interpretations on the user.
- MUST: If the user shows discomfort, immediately switch to a receptive technique.