cloud-sql-basics

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Cloud SQL Basics

Cloud SQL 基础

Cloud SQL is a fully managed relational database service for MySQL, PostgreSQL, and SQL Server. It automates time-consuming tasks like patches, updates, backups, and replicas, while providing high performance and availability for your applications.

Cloud SQL是一款针对MySQL、PostgreSQL和SQL Server的全托管关系型数据库服务。它可自动完成补丁更新、备份、副本创建等耗时任务，同时为您的应用提供高性能和高可用性。

Prerequisites

前提条件

Ensure you have the necessary IAM permissions to create and manage Cloud SQL instances. The Cloud SQL Admin (

roles/cloudsql.admin

) role provides full access to Cloud SQL resources.

确保您拥有创建和管理Cloud SQL实例所需的IAM权限。Cloud SQL管理员（

roles/cloudsql.admin

）角色可提供对Cloud SQL资源的完全访问权限。

Quick Start (PostgreSQL)

快速入门（PostgreSQL）

Enable the API:

bash

gcloud services enable sqladmin.googleapis.com

Create an Instance:

bash

gcloud sql instances create INSTANCE_NAME \
  --database-version=POSTGRES_18 \
  --cpu=2 \
  --memory=7680MiB \
  --region=REGION

Set a password for the default user:
Because this is a Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL instance, the default admin user is
```
postgres
```
:
bash
```
gcloud sql users set-password postgres \
  --instance=INSTANCE_NAME --password=PASSWORD
```

Create a database:

bash

gcloud sql databases create DATABASE_NAME \
  --instance=INSTANCE_NAME

Get the instance connection name:
You need the instance connection name (which is formatted as
```
PROJECT_ID:REGION:INSTANCE_NAME
```
) to connect using the Cloud SQL Auth Proxy. Retrieve it with the following command:
bash
```
gcloud sql instances describe INSTANCE_NAME \
  --format="value(connectionName)"
```
Connect to the instance:

The Cloud SQL Auth Proxy must be running to be able to connect to the instance. In a separate terminal, start the proxy using the connection name:
bash
```
./cloud-sql-proxy INSTANCE_CONNECTION_NAME
```
With the proxy running, connect using
```
psql
```
in another terminal:
bash
```
psql "host=127.0.0.1 port=5432 user=postgres dbname=DATABASE_NAME password=PASSWORD sslmode=disable"
```

启用API：

bash

gcloud services enable sqladmin.googleapis.com

创建实例：

bash

gcloud sql instances create INSTANCE_NAME \
  --database-version=POSTGRES_18 \
  --cpu=2 \
  --memory=7680MiB \
  --region=REGION

为默认用户设置密码：
由于这是Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL实例，默认管理员用户为
```
postgres
```
：
bash
```
gcloud sql users set-password postgres \
  --instance=INSTANCE_NAME --password=PASSWORD
```

创建数据库：

bash

gcloud sql databases create DATABASE_NAME \
  --instance=INSTANCE_NAME

获取实例连接名称：
您需要实例连接名称（格式为
```
PROJECT_ID:REGION:INSTANCE_NAME
```
）才能使用Cloud SQL Auth Proxy进行连接。使用以下命令获取：
bash
```
gcloud sql instances describe INSTANCE_NAME \
  --format="value(connectionName)"
```
连接到实例：

必须运行Cloud SQL Auth Proxy才能连接到实例。在单独的终端中，使用连接名称启动代理：
bash
```
./cloud-sql-proxy INSTANCE_CONNECTION_NAME
```
代理运行后，在另一个终端中使用
```
psql
```
进行连接：
bash
```
psql "host=127.0.0.1 port=5432 user=postgres dbname=DATABASE_NAME password=PASSWORD sslmode=disable"
```

Reference Directory

参考目录

Core Concepts: Instance architecture, high availability (HA), and supported database engines.
CLI Usage: Essential
```
gcloud sql
```
commands for instance, database, and user management.
Client Libraries & Connectors: Connecting to Cloud SQL using Python, Java, Node.js, and Go.
MCP Usage: Using the Cloud SQL remote MCP server and Gemini CLI extension.
Infrastructure as Code: Terraform configuration for instances, databases, and users.
IAM & Security: Predefined roles, SSL/TLS certificates, and Auth Proxy configuration.

If you need product information not found in these references, use the Developer Knowledge MCP server
search_documents
tool.

核心概念：实例架构、高可用性（HA）和支持的数据库引擎。
CLI使用指南：用于实例、数据库和用户管理的重要
```
gcloud sql
```
命令。
客户端库与连接器：使用Python、Java、Node.js和Go连接到Cloud SQL。
MCP使用指南：使用Cloud SQL远程MCP服务器和Gemini CLI扩展。
基础设施即代码：用于实例、数据库和用户的Terraform配置。
IAM与安全：预定义角色、SSL/TLS证书和Auth Proxy配置。

如果您在这些参考资料中找不到所需的产品信息，请使用开发者知识MCP服务器的
search_documents
工具。