React View Transitions

Animate between UI states using the browser's native

document.startViewTransition

. Declare what with

<ViewTransition>

, trigger when with

startTransition

useDeferredValue

Suspense

, control how with CSS classes. Unsupported browsers skip animations gracefully.

When to Animate

Every

<ViewTransition>

should communicate a spatial relationship or continuity. If you can't articulate what it communicates, don't add it.

Implement all applicable patterns from this list, in this order:

Priority	Pattern	What it communicates
1	Shared element ( `name` )	"Same thing — going deeper"
2	Suspense reveal	"Data loaded"
3	List identity (per-item `key` )	"Same items, new arrangement"
4	State change ( `enter` / `exit` )	"Something appeared/disappeared"
5	Route change (layout-level)	"Going to a new place"

This is an implementation order, not a "pick one" list. Implement every pattern that fits the app. Only skip a pattern if the app has no use case for it.

Choosing Animation Style

Context	Animation	Why
Hierarchical navigation (list → detail)	Type-keyed `nav-forward` / `nav-back`	Communicates spatial depth
Lateral navigation (tab-to-tab)	Bare `<ViewTransition>` (fade) or `default="none"`	No depth to communicate
Suspense reveal	`enter` / `exit` string props	Content arriving
Revalidation / background refresh	`default="none"`	Silent — no animation needed

Reserve directional slides for hierarchical navigation (list → detail) and ordered sequences (prev/next photo, carousel, paginated results). For ordered sequences, the direction communicates position: "next" slides from right, "previous" from left. Lateral/unordered navigation (tab-to-tab) should not use directional slides — it falsely implies spatial depth.

Availability

Next.js: Do not install
```
react@canary
```
— the App Router already bundles React canary internally.
```
ViewTransition
```
works out of the box.
```
npm ls react
```
may show a stable-looking version; this is expected.
Without Next.js: Install
```
react@canary react-dom@canary
```
(
```
ViewTransition
```
is not in stable React).
Browser support: Chromium 111+, Firefox 144+, Safari 18.2+. Graceful degradation on unsupported browsers.

Implementation Workflow

When adding view transitions to an existing app, follow
references/implementation.md
step by step. Start with the audit — do not skip it. Copy the CSS recipes from

references/css-recipes.md

into the global stylesheet — do not write your own animation CSS.

Core Concepts

The

<ViewTransition>

Component

jsx

import { ViewTransition } from 'react';

<ViewTransition>
  <Component />
</ViewTransition>

React auto-assigns a unique

view-transition-name

and calls

document.startViewTransition

behind the scenes. Never call

startViewTransition

yourself.

Animation Triggers

Trigger	When it fires
enter	`<ViewTransition>` first inserted during a Transition
exit	`<ViewTransition>` first removed during a Transition
update	DOM mutations inside a `<ViewTransition>` . With nested VTs, mutation applies to the innermost one
share	Named VT unmounts and another with same `name` mounts in the same Transition

Only

startTransition

useDeferredValue

, or

Suspense

activate VTs. Regular

setState

does not animate.

Critical Placement Rule

<ViewTransition>

only activates enter/exit if it appears before any DOM nodes:

jsx

// Works
<ViewTransition enter="auto" exit="auto">
  <div>Content</div>
</ViewTransition>

// Broken — div wraps the VT, suppressing enter/exit
<div>
  <ViewTransition enter="auto" exit="auto">
    <div>Content</div>
  </ViewTransition>
</div>

Styling with View Transition Classes

Props

Values:

"auto"

(browser cross-fade),

"none"

(disabled),

"class-name"

(custom CSS), or

{ [type]: value }

for type-specific animations.

jsx

<ViewTransition default="none" enter="slide-in" exit="slide-out" share="morph" />

default

"none"

, all triggers are off unless explicitly listed.

CSS Pseudo-Elements

```
::view-transition-old(.class)
```
— outgoing snapshot
```
::view-transition-new(.class)
```
— incoming snapshot
```
::view-transition-group(.class)
```
— container
```
::view-transition-image-pair(.class)
```
— old + new pair

See

references/css-recipes.md

for ready-to-use animation recipes.

Transition Types

Tag transitions with

addTransitionType

so VTs can pick different animations based on context. Call it multiple times to stack types — different VTs in the tree react to different types:

jsx

startTransition(() => {
  addTransitionType('nav-forward');
  addTransitionType('select-item');
  router.push('/detail/1');
});

Pass an object to map types to CSS classes. Works on

enter

exit

, and

share

jsx

<ViewTransition
  enter={{ 'nav-forward': 'slide-from-right', 'nav-back': 'slide-from-left', default: 'none' }}
  exit={{ 'nav-forward': 'slide-to-left', 'nav-back': 'slide-to-right', default: 'none' }}
  share={{ 'nav-forward': 'morph-forward', 'nav-back': 'morph-back', default: 'morph' }}
  default="none"
>
  <Page />
</ViewTransition>

enter

and

exit

don't have to be symmetric. For example, fade in but slide out directionally:

jsx

<ViewTransition
  enter={{ 'nav-forward': 'fade-in', 'nav-back': 'fade-in', default: 'none' }}
  exit={{ 'nav-forward': 'nav-forward', 'nav-back': 'nav-back', default: 'none' }}
  default="none"
>

TypeScript:

ViewTransitionClassPerType

requires a

default

key in the object.

For apps with multiple pages, extract the type-keyed VT into a reusable wrapper:

jsx

export function DirectionalTransition({ children }: { children: React.ReactNode }) {
  return (
    <ViewTransition
      enter={{ 'nav-forward': 'nav-forward', 'nav-back': 'nav-back', default: 'none' }}
      exit={{ 'nav-forward': 'nav-forward', 'nav-back': 'nav-back', default: 'none' }}
      default="none"
    >
      {children}
    </ViewTransition>
  );
}

router.back()

and Browser Back Button

router.back()

and the browser's back/forward buttons do not trigger view transitions (

popstate

is synchronous, incompatible with

startViewTransition

). Use

router.push()

with an explicit URL instead.

Types and Suspense

Types are available during navigation but not during subsequent Suspense reveals (separate transitions, no type). Use type maps for page-level enter/exit; use simple string props for Suspense reveals.

Shared Element Transitions

Same

name

on two VTs — one unmounting, one mounting — creates a shared element morph:

jsx

<ViewTransition name="hero-image">
  <img src="/thumb.jpg" onClick={() => startTransition(() => onSelect())} />
</ViewTransition>

// On the other view — same name
<ViewTransition name="hero-image">
  <img src="/full.jpg" />
</ViewTransition>

Only one VT with a given
```
name
```
can be mounted at a time — use unique names (
```
photo-${id}
```
). Watch for reusable components: if a component with a named VT is rendered in both a modal/popover and a page, both mount simultaneously and break the morph. Either make the name conditional (via a prop) or move the named VT out of the shared component into the specific consumer.
```
share
```
takes precedence over
```
enter
```
/
```
exit
```
. Think through each navigation path: when no matching pair forms (e.g., the target page doesn't have the same name),
```
enter
```
/
```
exit
```
fires instead. Consider whether the element needs a fallback animation for those paths.
Never use a fade-out exit on pages with shared morphs — use a directional slide instead.

Common Patterns

Enter/Exit

jsx

{show && (
  <ViewTransition enter="fade-in" exit="fade-out"><Panel /></ViewTransition>
)}

List Reorder

jsx

{items.map(item => (
  <ViewTransition key={item.id}><ItemCard item={item} /></ViewTransition>
))}

Trigger inside

startTransition

. Avoid wrapper

<div>

s between list and VT.

Composing Shared Elements with List Identity

Shared elements and list identity are independent concerns — don't confuse one for the other. When a list item contains a shared element (e.g., an image that morphs into a detail view), use two nested

<ViewTransition>

boundaries:

jsx

{items.map(item => (
  <ViewTransition key={item.id}>                                      {/* list identity */}
    <Link href={`/items/${item.id}`}>
      <ViewTransition name={`item-image-${item.id}`} share="morph">   {/* shared element */}
        <Image src={item.image} />
      </ViewTransition>
      <p>{item.name}</p>
    </Link>
  </ViewTransition>
))}

The outer VT handles list reorder/enter animations. The inner VT handles the cross-route shared element morph. Missing either layer means that animation silently doesn't happen.

Force Re-Enter with

key

jsx

<ViewTransition key={searchParams.toString()} enter="slide-up" default="none">
  <ResultsGrid />
</ViewTransition>

Caution: If wrapping

<Suspense>

, changing

key

remounts the boundary and refetches.

Suspense Fallback to Content

Simple cross-fade:

jsx

<ViewTransition>
  <Suspense fallback={<Skeleton />}><Content /></Suspense>
</ViewTransition>

Directional reveal:

jsx

<Suspense fallback={<ViewTransition exit="slide-down"><Skeleton /></ViewTransition>}>
  <ViewTransition enter="slide-up" default="none"><Content /></ViewTransition>
</Suspense>

For more patterns, see

references/patterns.md

How Multiple VTs Interact

Every VT matching the trigger fires simultaneously in a single

document.startViewTransition

. VTs in different transitions (navigation vs later Suspense resolve) don't compete.

Use

default="none"

Liberally

Without it, every VT fires the browser cross-fade on every transition — Suspense resolves,

useDeferredValue

updates, background revalidations. Always use

default="none"

and explicitly enable only desired triggers.

Two Patterns Coexist

Pattern A — Directional slides: Type-keyed VT on each page, fires during navigation. Pattern B — Suspense reveals: Simple string props, fires when data loads (no type).

They coexist because they fire at different moments.

default="none"

on both prevents cross-interference. Always pair

enter

with

exit

. Place directional VTs in page components, not layouts.

Nested VT Limitation

When a parent VT exits, nested VTs inside it do not fire their own enter/exit — only the outermost VT animates. Per-item staggered animations during page navigation are not possible today. See react#36135 for an experimental opt-in fix.

Next.js Integration

For Next.js setup (

experimental.viewTransition

flag,

transitionTypes

prop on

next/link

, App Router patterns, Server Components), see

references/nextjs.md

Accessibility

Always add the reduced motion CSS from

references/css-recipes.md

to your global stylesheet.

Reference Files

references/implementation.md
— Step-by-step implementation workflow.
references/patterns.md
— Patterns, animation timing, events API, troubleshooting.
references/css-recipes.md
— Ready-to-use CSS animation recipes.
references/nextjs.md
— Next.js App Router patterns and Server Component details.

Full Compiled Document

For the complete guide with all reference files expanded:

AGENTS.md

vercel-react-view-transitions

NPX Install

SKILL.md Content