// ❌ Bad: Missing dependency causes stale closure
function UserProfile({ userId }: { userId: string }) {
  const [user, setUser] = useState<User | null>(null);

  useEffect(() => {
    fetchUser(userId).then(setUser);
  }, []); // Missing userId in dependency array

  return <div>{user?.name}</div>;
}

// ✅ Good: Proper dependencies with cleanup
function UserProfile({ userId }: { userId: string }) {
  const [user, setUser] = useState<User | null>(null);

  useEffect(() => {
    let cancelled = false;
    fetchUser(userId).then((data) => {
      if (!cancelled) setUser(data);
    });
    return () => { cancelled = true; };
  }, [userId]);

  return <div>{user?.name}</div>;
}

// ✅ Better: Use TanStack Query for server state
function UserProfile({ userId }: { userId: string }) {
  const { data: user, isLoading } = useQuery({
    queryKey: ['user', userId],
    queryFn: () => fetchUser(userId),
  });

  if (isLoading) return <Skeleton />;
  return <div>{user?.name}</div>;
}

// ❌ Bad: Monolithic component mixing data fetching, filtering, and rendering
function Dashboard() {
  const [users, setUsers] = useState([]);
  const [filter, setFilter] = useState('');
  useEffect(() => { /* fetch + filter + sort all in one */ }, [filter]);
  return <div>{/* 200+ lines of mixed concerns */}</div>;
}

// ✅ Good: Composed from focused components with custom hooks
function Dashboard() {
  return (
    <div>
      <UserFilters />
      <Suspense fallback={<TableSkeleton />}>
        <UserTable />
      </Suspense>
      <UserPagination />
    </div>
  );
}

// ❌ Bad: Inaccessible interactive elements
function Menu({ items }: { items: MenuItem[] }) {
  const [open, setOpen] = useState(false);
  return (
    <div>
      <div onClick={() => setOpen(!open)}>Menu</div>
      {open && (
        <div>
          {items.map(item => (
            <div key={item.id} onClick={() => navigate(item.path)}>
              {item.label}
            </div>
          ))}
        </div>
      )}
    </div>
  );
}

// ✅ Good: Accessible with proper semantics and keyboard support
function Menu({ items }: { items: MenuItem[] }) {
  const [open, setOpen] = useState(false);
  return (
    <nav aria-label="Main navigation">
      <button
        onClick={() => setOpen(!open)}
        aria-expanded={open}
        aria-controls="menu-list"
      >
        Menu
      </button>
      {open && (
        <ul id="menu-list" role="menu">
          {items.map(item => (
            <li key={item.id} role="menuitem">
              <a href={item.path}>{item.label}</a>
            </li>
          ))}
        </ul>
      )}
    </nav>
  );
}

// ❌ Bad: Unstable callback recreated every render causes child re-renders
{filtered.map(product => (
  <ProductCard
    key={product.id}
    product={product}
    onSelect={() => console.log(product.id)} // New function each render
  />
))}

// ✅ Good: Stable callback + memoized child
const handleSelect = useCallback((id: string) => {
  console.log(id);
}, []);

const filtered = useMemo(
  () => products.filter(p => p.name.toLowerCase().includes(search.toLowerCase())),
  [products, search]
);

{filtered.map(product => (
  <ProductCard key={product.id} product={product} onSelect={handleSelect} />
))}

const ProductCard = memo(function ProductCard({ product, onSelect }: Props) {
  return <div onClick={() => onSelect(product.id)}>{product.name}</div>;
});

// ❌ Bad: Loose typing and missing prop definitions
function Card({ data, onClick, children, ...rest }: any) {
  return (
    <div onClick={onClick} {...rest}>
      <h2>{data.title}</h2>
      {children}
    </div>
  );
}

// ✅ Good: Strict typing with proper interfaces
interface CardProps extends React.ComponentPropsWithoutRef<'article'> {
  title: string;
  description?: string;
  variant?: 'default' | 'outlined' | 'elevated';
  onAction?: (event: React.MouseEvent<HTMLButtonElement>) => void;
  children: React.ReactNode;
}

function Card({
  title,
  description,
  variant = 'default',
  onAction,
  children,
  className,
  ...rest
}: CardProps) {
  return (
    <article className={cn('card', `card--${variant}`, className)} {...rest}>
      <h2>{title}</h2>
      {description && <p>{description}</p>}
      {children}
      {onAction && <button onClick={onAction}>Action</button>}
    </article>
  );
}