btc-terminology

Original：🇺🇸 English

Translated

Critical Bitcoin terminology rules to prevent confusion between bech32m (encoding) and taproot (address type). Use when working on BTC-related code, config files, or shell scripts.

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Sourcehiromaily/go-crypto-wallet

Added on2026-02-17

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BTC Terminology Rules

🚨 CRITICAL: Bech32m vs Taproot

This is a common source of bugs. Do NOT confuse these terms:

Term	What It Is	Where Used
bech32m	Encoding format (HOW address is serialized)	Bitcoin Core RPC, shell scripts
taproot	Address type (WHAT the address represents)	Config files, domain model

Key Rule:

bech32m

≠

taproot

— They are related but NOT interchangeable.

Quick Reference Table

Context	Correct Term	Example
Config YAML/TOML files	`taproot`	`address_type: "taproot"`
Environment variables	`taproot`	`WALLET_ADDRESS_TYPE="taproot"`
Bitcoin Core CLI/RPC	`bech32m`	`bitcoin-cli getnewaddress "" bech32m`
Shell scripts (receiver addresses)	`bech32m`	`getnewaddress "" bech32m`
Go domain code ( `internal/domain/address/` )	`taproot`	`AddrTypeTaproot`
Go Bitcoin Core interface ( `internal/domain/bitcoin/` )	`bech32m`	`AddressTypeTaproot = "bech32m"`

Common Mistakes

❌ WRONG

yaml

# Config file - DON'T use bech32m
address_type: "bech32m"  # WRONG!

bash

# Shell script - DON'T use taproot for Bitcoin Core RPC
bitcoin-cli getnewaddress "" taproot  # WRONG!

✅ CORRECT

yaml

# Config file - Use taproot
address_type: "taproot"  # CORRECT!

bash

# Shell script - Use bech32m for Bitcoin Core RPC
bitcoin-cli getnewaddress "" bech32m  # CORRECT!

Technical Background

Why Two Different Terms?

Taproot (BIP341) = SegWit version 1 address type (P2TR - Pay-to-Taproot)
Bech32m (BIP350) = Encoding format that fixes checksum issues in original Bech32

All Taproot addresses are encoded using bech32m, but:

User-facing config uses "taproot" (what you want)
Bitcoin Core RPC uses "bech32m" (how it's encoded)

Address Format Comparison

Encoding	SegWit Version	Address Type	Prefix	Config Value
Base58	N/A	P2PKH	`1...`	`legacy`
Base58	N/A	P2SH	`3...`	`p2sh-segwit`
Bech32	v0	P2WPKH	`bc1q...`	`bech32`
Bech32m	v1	P2TR	`bc1p...`	`taproot`

Codebase Mapping

The project has two different type definitions:

go

// internal/domain/bitcoin/address_type.go
// For Bitcoin Core RPC communication
AddressTypeTaproot AddressType = "bech32m"  // Bitcoin Core uses "bech32m"

// internal/domain/address/types.go
// For user-facing configuration
AddrTypeTaproot AddrType = "taproot"  // User sees "taproot"

Conversion between these is handled by mapper functions:

go

// internal/infrastructure/api/btc/btc/mapper.go
// FromAddressType: "bech32m" (Bitcoin Core) → "taproot" (user-facing)
// ToAddressType:   "taproot" (user-facing) → "bech32m" (Bitcoin Core)

Verification Checklist

When working with Taproot/Bech32m code:

Config files (YAML/TOML) use
```
address_type: "taproot"
```
Environment variables use
```
WALLET_ADDRESS_TYPE="taproot"
```
Bitcoin Core RPC calls in shell scripts use
```
bech32m
```
Shell scripts generating receiver addresses use
```
bech32m
```
Go code uses correct type for the layer:
- Domain/config layer:
```
AddrTypeTaproot
```
  (value:
```
"taproot"
```
  )
- Bitcoin Core interface:
```
AddressTypeTaproot
```
  (value:
```
"bech32m"
```
  )

Related Files

File	Purpose
`internal/domain/address/types.go`	User-facing `AddrType` definitions
`internal/domain/bitcoin/address_type.go`	Bitcoin Core `AddressType` definitions
`internal/infrastructure/api/btc/btc/mapper.go`	Type conversion functions
`docs/crypto/btc/taproot/user-guide.md`	Taproot user guide