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Nature Figure Making Skill

Nature风格图表制作技能指南

A complete guide for producing publication-quality matplotlib figures matching Nature journal standards. Derived from the figures4papers repository (papers published in Nature Machine Intelligence and top ML venues), then extended with direct visual observations from a 2026

Nature

sample spanning materials science, genomics, neuroscience, plant biology and clinical studies.

Color policy: prefer unified method families across all panels over maximal hue separation. For dense Nature Machine Intelligence-style figure pages, use the low-saturation

NMI pastel

family described in

references/api.md

and reserve green/red mainly for gains, drops, and other directional cues.

一份制作符合《Nature》期刊标准、达到出版级质量的matplotlib图表的完整指南。本指南源自figures4papers代码仓库（相关论文发表于Nature Machine Intelligence及顶级机器学习会议），并结合2026年《Nature》期刊中涵盖材料科学、基因组学、神经科学、植物生物学及临床研究的样本进行了直接视觉观察后的扩展。

配色原则：优先选择所有面板统一的方法族配色，而非最大化色调区分。对于《Nature Machine Intelligence》风格的密集图表页面，请使用

references/api.md

中描述的低饱和度

NMI pastel

配色系列，且绿色/红色主要用于表示增益、下降及其他方向性提示。

Quick-start: Mandatory rcParams

快速入门：必选rcParams配置

Always apply these at the top of every script:

python

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

plt.rcParams['font.family'] = 'sans-serif'
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['Arial']
plt.rcParams['svg.fonttype'] = 'none'          # editable text in SVG/PDF
plt.rcParams['font.size'] = 16                 # 24 for large bar panels
plt.rcParams['axes.spines.right'] = False
plt.rcParams['axes.spines.top'] = False
plt.rcParams['axes.linewidth'] = 2.5           # 3 for big bars, 2 for compact
plt.rcParams['legend.frameon'] = False

Use

text.usetex = True

only when LaTeX is installed and math-rich labels are required.

请在每个脚本开头添加以下配置：

python

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

plt.rcParams['font.family'] = 'sans-serif'
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['Arial']
plt.rcParams['svg.fonttype'] = 'none'          # SVG/PDF中的可编辑文本
plt.rcParams['font.size'] = 16                 # 大型柱状图面板使用24
plt.rcParams['axes.spines.right'] = False
plt.rcParams['axes.spines.top'] = False
plt.rcParams['axes.linewidth'] = 2.5           # 大型柱状图用3，紧凑布局用2
plt.rcParams['legend.frameon'] = False

仅当已安装LaTeX且需要含大量数学公式的标签时，才使用

text.usetex = True

。

Default operating stance

默认操作准则

Start by classifying the requested figure into one of four archetypes:

quantitative grid

schematic-led composite

image plate + quant

, or

asymmetric mixed-modality figure

Prefer one hero panel plus subordinate evidence panels over filling the canvas with equal-sized subplots.
Keep the background white for plots and diagrams; switch to black only for microscopy / volume-rendering image plates.
Prefer direct labels over legends when categories are spatially fixed or the legend would force unnecessary eye travel.
Keep one restrained palette per figure: usually one neutral family, one signal family, and one accent family.
When the user asks for broad
```
Nature
```
style rather than ML/NMI-specific style, read
```
references/nature-2026-observations.md
```
before choosing layout.

首先将所需图表归类为以下四种原型之一：

定量网格图

、

示意图主导的复合图

、

图像面板+定量数据图

或

非对称多模态混合图

。

优先选择一个核心面板搭配辅助证据面板，而非用等尺寸子图填满画布。
图表和示意图的背景保持白色；仅在显微镜/体绘制图像面板中使用黑色背景。
当类别位置固定或图例会导致不必要的视线移动时，优先使用直接标签而非图例。
每个图表使用一套克制的配色方案：通常包含一个中性系列、一个信号系列和一个强调系列。
当用户要求通用的
```
Nature
```
风格而非机器学习/NMI特定风格时，请先阅读
```
references/nature-2026-observations.md
```
再选择布局。

When to load this skill

何时启用本技能

Matplotlib figures for papers, slides, or reports targeting Nature, NeurIPS, ICLR, or similar venues.
Requests involving grouped bars, trend lines, heatmaps, radar plots, multi-panel grids, or PDF/SVG/high-DPI output.
Any mention of "Nature style", "publication figure", "paper figure", or "high-quality scientific plot".

为目标期刊为《Nature》、NeurIPS、ICLR或同类会议的论文、幻灯片或报告制作matplotlib图表。
涉及分组柱状图、趋势线、热图、雷达图、多面板网格或PDF/SVG/高DPI输出的需求。
任何提及“Nature风格”、“出版级图表”、“论文图表”或“高质量科学绘图”的场景。

File	Open when
references/design-theory.md	Typography, color theory, layout rationale, export policy
references/api.md	PALETTE, helper function signatures, validation rules
references/common-patterns.md	Ultra-wide panels, legend-only axes, print-safe bars
references/nature-2026-observations.md	Real `Nature` page archetypes: schematic-led composites, dark image plates, clinical triptychs, asymmetric hero layouts
references/tutorials.md	End-to-end walkthroughs: bars, trends, heatmaps
references/chart-types.md	Radar, 3D sphere, fill_between, scatter patterns

文件	打开场景
references/design-theory.md	排版、配色理论、布局原理、导出规范
references/api.md	配色方案、辅助函数签名、验证规则
references/common-patterns.md	超宽面板、仅图例轴、打印安全柱状图
references/nature-2026-observations.md	《Nature》真实页面原型：示意图主导的复合图、深色图像面板、临床三联图、非对称核心布局
references/tutorials.md	完整流程教程：柱状图、趋势图、热图
references/chart-types.md	雷达图、3D球体图、填充折线图、散点图样式