pytest-advanced

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Advanced Pytest Patterns

高级Pytest模式

Master pytest's advanced features for scalable, maintainable test suites.

掌握pytest的高级功能，打造可扩展、易维护的测试套件。

Overview

概述

Building custom test markers for categorization
Writing pytest plugins and hooks
Configuring parallel test execution with pytest-xdist
Creating reusable fixture patterns
Optimizing test collection and execution

构建用于分类的自定义测试标记
编写pytest插件与钩子
配置基于pytest-xdist的并行测试执行
创建可复用的fixture模式
优化测试收集与执行

Quick Reference

快速参考

Custom Markers

自定义标记

toml

undefined

toml

undefined

pyproject.toml

[tool.pytest.ini_options] markers = [ "slow: marks tests as slow (deselect with '-m "not slow"')", "integration: marks tests requiring external services", "smoke: critical path tests for CI/CD", ]


```python
import pytest

@pytest.mark.slow
def test_complex_analysis():
    result = perform_complex_analysis(large_dataset)
    assert result.is_valid

[tool.pytest.ini_options] markers = [ "slow: marks tests as slow (deselect with '-m "not slow"')", "integration: marks tests requiring external services", "smoke: critical path tests for CI/CD", ]


```python
import pytest

@pytest.mark.slow
def test_complex_analysis():
    result = perform_complex_analysis(large_dataset)
    assert result.is_valid

Run: pytest -m "not slow" # Skip slow tests

Run: pytest -m smoke # Only smoke tests


See [custom-plugins.md](references/custom-plugins.md) for plugin development.


插件开发相关内容请参考[custom-plugins.md](references/custom-plugins.md)。

Parallel Execution (pytest-xdist)

并行执行（pytest-xdist）

toml

[tool.pytest.ini_options]
addopts = ["-n", "auto", "--dist", "loadscope"]

python

@pytest.fixture(scope="session")
def db_engine(worker_id):
    """Isolate database per worker."""
    db_name = "test_db" if worker_id == "master" else f"test_db_{worker_id}"
    engine = create_engine(f"postgresql://localhost/{db_name}")
    yield engine

See xdist-parallel.md for distribution modes.

toml

[tool.pytest.ini_options]
addopts = ["-n", "auto", "--dist", "loadscope"]

python

@pytest.fixture(scope="session")
def db_engine(worker_id):
    """Isolate database per worker."""
    db_name = "test_db" if worker_id == "master" else f"test_db_{worker_id}"
    engine = create_engine(f"postgresql://localhost/{db_name}")
    yield engine

分布式模式相关内容请参考xdist-parallel.md。

Factory Fixtures

工厂Fixtures

python

@pytest.fixture
def user_factory(db_session) -> Callable[..., User]:
    """Factory fixture for creating users."""
    created = []

    def _create(**kwargs) -> User:
        user = User(**{"email": f"u{len(created)}@test.com", **kwargs})
        db_session.add(user)
        created.append(user)
        return user

    yield _create
    for u in created:
        db_session.delete(u)

python

@pytest.fixture
def user_factory(db_session) -> Callable[..., User]:
    """Factory fixture for creating users."""
    created = []

    def _create(**kwargs) -> User:
        user = User(**{"email": f"u{len(created)}@test.com", **kwargs})
        db_session.add(user)
        created.append(user)
        return user

    yield _create
    for u in created:
        db_session.delete(u)

Key Decisions

关键决策

Decision	Recommendation
Parallel execution	pytest-xdist with `--dist loadscope`
Marker strategy	Category (smoke, integration) + Resource (db, llm)
Fixture scope	Function default, session for expensive setup
Plugin location	conftest.py for project, package for reuse
Async testing	pytest-asyncio with auto mode

决策	推荐方案
并行执行	使用 `--dist loadscope` 参数的pytest-xdist
标记策略	分类（冒烟测试、集成测试）+ 资源（数据库、大语言模型）
Fixture作用域	默认使用函数作用域，耗时初始化操作使用会话作用域
插件存放位置	项目级使用conftest.py，可复用插件封装为包
异步测试	启用自动模式的pytest-asyncio

Anti-Patterns (FORBIDDEN)

反模式（禁止）

python

undefined

python

undefined

NEVER use expensive fixtures without session scope

@pytest.fixture # WRONG - loads every test def model(): return load_ml_model() # 5s each time!

NEVER mutate global state

@pytest.fixture def counter(): global _counter _counter += 1 # WRONG - leaks between tests

NEVER skip cleanup

@pytest.fixture def temp_db(): db = create_db() yield db # WRONG - missing db.drop()!

NEVER use time.sleep (use mocking)

def test_timeout(): time.sleep(5) # WRONG - slows tests

undefined

def test_timeout(): time.sleep(5) # WRONG - slows tests

undefined

Related Skills

References

参考资料

Xdist Parallel - Parallel execution patterns
Custom Plugins - Plugin and hook development
Conftest Template - Production conftest.py

Xdist Parallel - 并行执行模式
Custom Plugins - 插件与钩子开发
Conftest Template - 生产环境级conftest.py模板

Capability Details

能力详情

custom-markers

Keywords: pytest markers, test categorization, smoke tests, slow tests Solves: Categorize tests, run subsets in CI, skip expensive tests

关键词： pytest标记、测试分类、冒烟测试、慢测试 解决的问题： 对测试进行分类、在CI中运行测试子集、跳过耗时测试

pytest-xdist

Keywords: parallel, xdist, distributed, workers, loadscope Solves: Run tests in parallel, worker isolation, optimize distribution

关键词： 并行、xdist、分布式、工作进程、loadscope 解决的问题： 并行运行测试、工作进程隔离、优化任务分配

pytest-hooks

Keywords: hook, plugin, conftest, pytest_configure, collection Solves: Customize pytest behavior, add timing reports, reorder tests

关键词： 钩子、插件、conftest、pytest_configure、测试收集 解决的问题： 自定义pytest行为、添加计时报告、调整测试顺序

fixture-patterns

Keywords: fixture, factory, async fixture, cleanup, scope Solves: Factory fixtures, async fixtures, ensure cleanup runs

关键词： fixture、工厂、异步fixture、清理、作用域 解决的问题： 工厂fixture、异步fixture、确保清理操作执行

parametrize-advanced

Keywords: parametrize, indirect, cartesian, pytest.param, xfail Solves: Test multiple scenarios, fixtures with params, expected failures

关键词： 参数化、间接参数化、笛卡尔积、pytest.param、预期失败 解决的问题： 测试多场景、带参数的fixture、处理预期失败用例

pytest-advanced

Original

Translation

Advanced Pytest Patterns

高级Pytest模式

Overview

概述

Quick Reference

快速参考

Custom Markers

自定义标记

pyproject.toml

pyproject.toml

Run: pytest -m "not slow" # Skip slow tests

Run: pytest -m "not slow" # Skip slow tests

Run: pytest -m smoke # Only smoke tests

Run: pytest -m smoke # Only smoke tests

Parallel Execution (pytest-xdist)

并行执行（pytest-xdist）

Factory Fixtures

工厂Fixtures

Key Decisions

关键决策

Anti-Patterns (FORBIDDEN)

反模式（禁止）

NEVER use expensive fixtures without session scope

NEVER use expensive fixtures without session scope

NEVER mutate global state

NEVER mutate global state

NEVER skip cleanup

NEVER skip cleanup

NEVER use time.sleep (use mocking)

NEVER use time.sleep (use mocking)

Related Skills

相关技能

References

参考资料

Capability Details

能力详情

custom-markers

custom-markers

pytest-xdist

pytest-xdist

pytest-hooks

pytest-hooks

fixture-patterns

fixture-patterns

parametrize-advanced

parametrize-advanced