risk-assessment
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ChineseRisk Assessment Skill - v1.0.0
风险评估 Skill - v1.0.0
Deterministic heuristic risk scoring using a four-factor weighted model aligned with Basel III, EBA Guidelines, FATF standards, and FinCEN guidance.
采用四因素加权模型进行确定性启发式风险评分，并与 Basel III、EBA 指南、FATF 标准和 FinCEN 指引保持一致。
Overview
概述
Risk assessment is performed during onboarding and refresh to classify customers into risk bands that determine the level of due diligence required and ongoing monitoring frequency.
风险评估在开户准入和定期信息更新期间执行，用于将客户划分至不同风险等级，从而确定所需的尽职调查程度和持续监控频率。
Four-Factor Risk Model
四因素风险模型
Factor 1: Geographic Risk (30% Weight)
因素 1：地理风险（权重 30%）
| Indicator | Score Range |
|---|---|
| UK/EU/US/developed economy | 5-15 |
| Mid-tier economies | 20-40 |
| FATF grey-list jurisdictions | 50-70 |
| High-risk/sanctioned jurisdictions | 80-100 |
| Multiple jurisdictions with offshore | +10-20 |
Assessed for: Customer residence, nationality, transaction destinations, wealth origin, business operations.
| 指标 | 分数范围 |
|---|---|
| 英国、欧盟、美国或发达经济体 | 5-15 |
| 中等经济体 | 20-40 |
| FATF 灰名单司法管辖区 | 50-70 |
| 高风险或受制裁司法管辖区 | 80-100 |
| 涉及多个司法管辖区且包含离岸地区 | +10-20 |
评估维度： 客户居住地、国籍、交易目的地、财富来源、业务运营地点。
Factor 2: Customer Risk (35% Weight)
因素 2：客户风险（权重 35%）
| Indicator | Score Range |
|---|---|
| Salaried employee, standard profile | 5-15 |
| Self-employed, professional | 20-35 |
| Business owner, HNWI | 40-60 |
| PEP (any tier) | 60-80 |
| Complex structures, unclear ownership | 70-90 |
| Adverse media findings | +20-40 |
Assessed for: Occupation, PEP status, source of wealth clarity, business complexity, directorships, adverse media.
| 指标 | 分数范围 |
|---|---|
| 薪资雇员、标准客户画像 | 5-15 |
| 自雇人士、专业人士 | 20-35 |
| 企业主、HNWI | 40-60 |
| PEP（任何级别） | 60-80 |
| 复杂结构、所有权不清晰 | 70-90 |
| 发现不利媒体信息 | +20-40 |
评估维度： 职业、PEP 身份、财富来源清晰度、业务复杂性、董事任职情况、不利媒体信息。
Factor 3: Product Risk (25% Weight)
因素 3：产品风险（权重 25%）
| Indicator | Score Range |
|---|---|
| Personal current/savings account | 5-15 |
| Investment/wealth management | 20-40 |
| Trade finance, correspondent banking | 50-70 |
| Virtual assets, high-value transactions | 60-80 |
| Complex structured products | 70-90 |
Assessed for: Account type, expected activity, transaction volume, product complexity.
| 指标 | 分数范围 |
|---|---|
| 个人活期账户或储蓄账户 | 5-15 |
| 投资或财富管理 | 20-40 |
| 贸易融资、代理行银行业务 | 50-70 |
| 虚拟资产、高价值交易 | 60-80 |
| 复杂结构化产品 | 70-90 |
评估维度： 账户类型、预期活动、交易量、产品复杂性。
Factor 4: Channel Risk (10% Weight)
因素 4：渠道风险（权重 10%）
| Indicator | Score Range |
|---|---|
| Face-to-face, standard onboarding | 5-10 |
| Remote/digital onboarding with verification | 15-25 |
| Intermediary-introduced | 30-50 |
| Anonymous/pseudonymous channels | 70-90 |
Assessed for: Onboarding method, documentation quality, intermediary involvement.
| 指标 | 分数范围 |
|---|---|
| 面对面、标准开户 | 5-10 |
| 远程或数字开户并完成验证 | 15-25 |
| 由中介机构引入 | 30-50 |
| 匿名或假名渠道 | 70-90 |
评估维度： 开户方式、文件质量、中介机构参与程度。
Risk Score Calculation
风险评分计算
Total Score = (Geographic x 0.30) + (Customer x 0.35) + (Product x 0.25) + (Channel x 0.10)Total Score = (Geographic x 0.30) + (Customer x 0.35) + (Product x 0.25) + (Channel x 0.10)Risk Bands and Required Actions
风险等级及所需措施
| Band | Score | Due Diligence | Approval Level | Monitoring |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LOW | 0-20 | Standard CDD | Analyst | 3-5 year review |
| MEDIUM | 21-60 | Enhanced monitoring | Senior Analyst | 1-2 year review |
| HIGH | 61-80 | Full EDD | Manager + MLRO | 6-12 month review |
| CRITICAL | 81-100 | Immediate escalation | Senior Management | Quarterly or reject |
| 等级 | 分数 | 尽职调查 | 审批层级 | 监控 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LOW | 0-20 | 标准 CDD | 分析师 | 3-5 年复审 |
| MEDIUM | 21-60 | 加强监控 | 高级分析师 | 1-2 年复审 |
| HIGH | 61-80 | 完整 EDD | 经理 + MLRO | 6-12 个月复审 |
| CRITICAL | 81-100 | 立即升级上报 | 高级管理层 | 每季度复审或拒绝 |
Determinism Guarantee
确定性保证
The risk score is deterministic:
- Same inputs always produce the same score
- No subjective judgment in calculation
- Mathematical formula applied consistently
- Ensures fairness and reproducibility
- Auditable by regulators
风险评分具有确定性：
- 相同输入始终产生相同分数
- 计算过程中不包含主观判断
- 一致应用数学公式
- 确保公平性和可重复性
- 可接受监管机构审计
HITL Checkpoint
HITL 检查点
While the score is calculated automatically, the analyst must:
- Review the calculated score
- Confirm the input factors are accurate
- Sign off on the risk classification
- Approve or challenge the recommended action
The human always has final say on risk classification.
虽然风险评分会自动计算，但分析师必须：
- 审核计算得出的分数
- 确认输入因素准确无误
- 对风险分类进行签核
- 批准或质疑建议采取的措施
最终的风险分类决定权始终由人员掌握。
Escalation Triggers
升级上报触发条件
Automatic escalation regardless of score:
- PEP status identified
- Sanctions match (true or uncertain)
- Material misrepresentation detected
- Source of wealth/funds unexplained
- Multiple high-risk indicators combined
Version: 1.0.0
Author: Vyayasan
无论分数如何，均自动升级上报：
- 识别出 PEP 身份
- 命中制裁名单（结果确定或不确定）
- 发现重大虚假陈述
- 财富来源或资金来源无法解释
- 多个高风险指标同时出现
版本： 1.0.0
作者： Vyayasan