macos-native

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Original

English
🇨🇳

Translation

Chinese

macOS Native Development

macOS原生开发

Comprehensive guide for building native macOS applications with AppKit and modern macOS APIs.
使用AppKit和现代macOS API构建原生macOS应用的综合指南。

Framework Overview

框架概览

FrameworkUse CaseNotes
AppKitTraditional Mac appsFull control, mature
SwiftUIModern Mac appsCross-platform, declarative
CatalystiPad apps on MacQuick port, limitations
AppKit + SwiftUIHybrid approachBest of both worlds

框架使用场景说明
AppKit传统Mac应用完全可控、成熟稳定
SwiftUI现代Mac应用跨平台、声明式
Catalyst运行在Mac上的iPad应用快速移植、存在限制
AppKit + SwiftUI混合方案兼顾两者优势

AppKit Fundamentals

AppKit基础

Application Structure

应用结构

swift
// AppDelegate.swift
import Cocoa

@main
class AppDelegate: NSObject, NSApplicationDelegate {
    var mainWindow: NSWindow?

    func applicationDidFinishLaunching(_ notification: Notification) {
        setupMainWindow()
        setupMainMenu()
    }

    func applicationWillTerminate(_ notification: Notification) {
        // Cleanup
    }

    func applicationShouldTerminateAfterLastWindowClosed(_ sender: NSApplication) -> Bool {
        return true
    }

    private func setupMainWindow() {
        let contentRect = NSRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: 800, height: 600)
        let styleMask: NSWindow.StyleMask = [
            .titled, .closable, .miniaturizable, .resizable
        ]

        mainWindow = NSWindow(
            contentRect: contentRect,
            styleMask: styleMask,
            backing: .buffered,
            defer: false
        )

        mainWindow?.title = "My Mac App"
        mainWindow?.contentViewController = MainViewController()
        mainWindow?.center()
        mainWindow?.makeKeyAndOrderFront(nil)
    }
}
swift
// AppDelegate.swift
import Cocoa

@main
class AppDelegate: NSObject, NSApplicationDelegate {
    var mainWindow: NSWindow?

    func applicationDidFinishLaunching(_ notification: Notification) {
        setupMainWindow()
        setupMainMenu()
    }

    func applicationWillTerminate(_ notification: Notification) {
        // Cleanup
    }

    func applicationShouldTerminateAfterLastWindowClosed(_ sender: NSApplication) -> Bool {
        return true
    }

    private func setupMainWindow() {
        let contentRect = NSRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: 800, height: 600)
        let styleMask: NSWindow.StyleMask = [
            .titled, .closable, .miniaturizable, .resizable
        ]

        mainWindow = NSWindow(
            contentRect: contentRect,
            styleMask: styleMask,
            backing: .buffered,
            defer: false
        )

        mainWindow?.title = "My Mac App"
        mainWindow?.contentViewController = MainViewController()
        mainWindow?.center()
        mainWindow?.makeKeyAndOrderFront(nil)
    }
}

View Controller

视图控制器

swift
import Cocoa

class MainViewController: NSViewController {
    private let tableView = NSTableView()
    private let scrollView = NSScrollView()
    private var items: [String] = []

    override func loadView() {
        view = NSView(frame: NSRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: 800, height: 600))
    }

    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        setupUI()
        loadData()
    }

    private func setupUI() {
        // Setup scroll view
        scrollView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
        scrollView.hasVerticalScroller = true
        scrollView.documentView = tableView
        view.addSubview(scrollView)

        // Setup table view
        let column = NSTableColumn(identifier: NSUserInterfaceItemIdentifier("main"))
        column.title = "Items"
        column.width = 200
        tableView.addTableColumn(column)
        tableView.delegate = self
        tableView.dataSource = self

        // Constraints
        NSLayoutConstraint.activate([
            scrollView.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.topAnchor, constant: 20),
            scrollView.leadingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.leadingAnchor, constant: 20),
            scrollView.trailingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.trailingAnchor, constant: -20),
            scrollView.bottomAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.bottomAnchor, constant: -20),
        ])
    }

    private func loadData() {
        items = ["Item 1", "Item 2", "Item 3"]
        tableView.reloadData()
    }
}

extension MainViewController: NSTableViewDataSource, NSTableViewDelegate {
    func numberOfRows(in tableView: NSTableView) -> Int {
        return items.count
    }

    func tableView(_ tableView: NSTableView, viewFor tableColumn: NSTableColumn?, row: Int) -> NSView? {
        let identifier = NSUserInterfaceItemIdentifier("cell")
        var cell = tableView.makeView(withIdentifier: identifier, owner: nil) as? NSTextField

        if cell == nil {
            cell = NSTextField(labelWithString: "")
            cell?.identifier = identifier
        }

        cell?.stringValue = items[row]
        return cell
    }
}

swift
import Cocoa

class MainViewController: NSViewController {
    private let tableView = NSTableView()
    private let scrollView = NSScrollView()
    private var items: [String] = []

    override func loadView() {
        view = NSView(frame: NSRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: 800, height: 600))
    }

    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        setupUI()
        loadData()
    }

    private func setupUI() {
        // Setup scroll view
        scrollView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
        scrollView.hasVerticalScroller = true
        scrollView.documentView = tableView
        view.addSubview(scrollView)

        // Setup table view
        let column = NSTableColumn(identifier: NSUserInterfaceItemIdentifier("main"))
        column.title = "Items"
        column.width = 200
        tableView.addTableColumn(column)
        tableView.delegate = self
        tableView.dataSource = self

        // Constraints
        NSLayoutConstraint.activate([
            scrollView.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.topAnchor, constant: 20),
            scrollView.leadingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.leadingAnchor, constant: 20),
            scrollView.trailingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.trailingAnchor, constant: -20),
            scrollView.bottomAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.bottomAnchor, constant: -20),
        ])
    }

    private func loadData() {
        items = ["Item 1", "Item 2", "Item 3"]
        tableView.reloadData()
    }
}

extension MainViewController: NSTableViewDataSource, NSTableViewDelegate {
    func numberOfRows(in tableView: NSTableView) -> Int {
        return items.count
    }

    func tableView(_ tableView: NSTableView, viewFor tableColumn: NSTableColumn?, row: Int) -> NSView? {
        let identifier = NSUserInterfaceItemIdentifier("cell")
        var cell = tableView.makeView(withIdentifier: identifier, owner: nil) as? NSTextField

        if cell == nil {
            cell = NSTextField(labelWithString: "")
            cell?.identifier = identifier
        }

        cell?.stringValue = items[row]
        return cell
    }
}

Menu Bar Apps

菜单栏应用

Status Item

状态项

swift
import Cocoa

class StatusBarController {
    private var statusItem: NSStatusItem?
    private var popover: NSPopover?

    init() {
        setupStatusItem()
        setupPopover()
    }

    private func setupStatusItem() {
        statusItem = NSStatusBar.system.statusItem(withLength: NSStatusItem.variableLength)

        if let button = statusItem?.button {
            button.image = NSImage(systemSymbolName: "star.fill", accessibilityDescription: "App")
            button.action = #selector(togglePopover)
            button.target = self
        }
    }

    private func setupPopover() {
        popover = NSPopover()
        popover?.contentViewController = PopoverViewController()
        popover?.behavior = .transient
    }

    @objc private func togglePopover() {
        guard let button = statusItem?.button, let popover = popover else { return }

        if popover.isShown {
            popover.performClose(nil)
        } else {
            popover.show(relativeTo: button.bounds, of: button, preferredEdge: .minY)
            NSApp.activate(ignoringOtherApps: true)
        }
    }
}

class PopoverViewController: NSViewController {
    override func loadView() {
        view = NSView(frame: NSRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: 300, height: 200))
    }

    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()

        let label = NSTextField(labelWithString: "Menu Bar App Content")
        label.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
        view.addSubview(label)

        NSLayoutConstraint.activate([
            label.centerXAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.centerXAnchor),
            label.centerYAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.centerYAnchor),
        ])
    }
}
swift
import Cocoa

class StatusBarController {
    private var statusItem: NSStatusItem?
    private var popover: NSPopover?

    init() {
        setupStatusItem()
        setupPopover()
    }

    private func setupStatusItem() {
        statusItem = NSStatusBar.system.statusItem(withLength: NSStatusItem.variableLength)

        if let button = statusItem?.button {
            button.image = NSImage(systemSymbolName: "star.fill", accessibilityDescription: "App")
            button.action = #selector(togglePopover)
            button.target = self
        }
    }

    private func setupPopover() {
        popover = NSPopover()
        popover?.contentViewController = PopoverViewController()
        popover?.behavior = .transient
    }

    @objc private func togglePopover() {
        guard let button = statusItem?.button, let popover = popover else { return }

        if popover.isShown {
            popover.performClose(nil)
        } else {
            popover.show(relativeTo: button.bounds, of: button, preferredEdge: .minY)
            NSApp.activate(ignoringOtherApps: true)
        }
    }
}

class PopoverViewController: NSViewController {
    override func loadView() {
        view = NSView(frame: NSRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: 300, height: 200))
    }

    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()

        let label = NSTextField(labelWithString: "Menu Bar App Content")
        label.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
        view.addSubview(label)

        NSLayoutConstraint.activate([
            label.centerXAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.centerXAnchor),
            label.centerYAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.centerYAnchor),
        ])
    }
}

Menu Construction

菜单构建

swift
func setupMainMenu() {
    let mainMenu = NSMenu()

    // App Menu
    let appMenu = NSMenu()
    let appMenuItem = NSMenuItem()
    appMenuItem.submenu = appMenu

    appMenu.addItem(withTitle: "About My App", action: #selector(NSApplication.orderFrontStandardAboutPanel(_:)), keyEquivalent: "")
    appMenu.addItem(NSMenuItem.separator())
    appMenu.addItem(withTitle: "Preferences...", action: #selector(showPreferences), keyEquivalent: ",")
    appMenu.addItem(NSMenuItem.separator())
    appMenu.addItem(withTitle: "Quit My App", action: #selector(NSApplication.terminate(_:)), keyEquivalent: "q")

    mainMenu.addItem(appMenuItem)

    // File Menu
    let fileMenu = NSMenu(title: "File")
    let fileMenuItem = NSMenuItem()
    fileMenuItem.submenu = fileMenu

    fileMenu.addItem(withTitle: "New", action: #selector(newDocument), keyEquivalent: "n")
    fileMenu.addItem(withTitle: "Open...", action: #selector(openDocument), keyEquivalent: "o")
    fileMenu.addItem(NSMenuItem.separator())
    fileMenu.addItem(withTitle: "Save", action: #selector(saveDocument), keyEquivalent: "s")

    mainMenu.addItem(fileMenuItem)

    // Edit Menu
    let editMenu = NSMenu(title: "Edit")
    let editMenuItem = NSMenuItem()
    editMenuItem.submenu = editMenu

    editMenu.addItem(withTitle: "Undo", action: Selector(("undo:")), keyEquivalent: "z")
    editMenu.addItem(withTitle: "Redo", action: Selector(("redo:")), keyEquivalent: "Z")
    editMenu.addItem(NSMenuItem.separator())
    editMenu.addItem(withTitle: "Cut", action: #selector(NSText.cut(_:)), keyEquivalent: "x")
    editMenu.addItem(withTitle: "Copy", action: #selector(NSText.copy(_:)), keyEquivalent: "c")
    editMenu.addItem(withTitle: "Paste", action: #selector(NSText.paste(_:)), keyEquivalent: "v")

    mainMenu.addItem(editMenuItem)

    NSApp.mainMenu = mainMenu
}

swift
func setupMainMenu() {
    let mainMenu = NSMenu()

    // App Menu
    let appMenu = NSMenu()
    let appMenuItem = NSMenuItem()
    appMenuItem.submenu = appMenu

    appMenu.addItem(withTitle: "About My App", action: #selector(NSApplication.orderFrontStandardAboutPanel(_:)), keyEquivalent: "")
    appMenu.addItem(NSMenuItem.separator())
    appMenu.addItem(withTitle: "Preferences...", action: #selector(showPreferences), keyEquivalent: ",")
    appMenu.addItem(NSMenuItem.separator())
    appMenu.addItem(withTitle: "Quit My App", action: #selector(NSApplication.terminate(_:)), keyEquivalent: "q")

    mainMenu.addItem(appMenuItem)

    // File Menu
    let fileMenu = NSMenu(title: "File")
    let fileMenuItem = NSMenuItem()
    fileMenuItem.submenu = fileMenu

    fileMenu.addItem(withTitle: "New", action: #selector(newDocument), keyEquivalent: "n")
    fileMenu.addItem(withTitle: "Open...", action: #selector(openDocument), keyEquivalent: "o")
    fileMenu.addItem(NSMenuItem.separator())
    fileMenu.addItem(withTitle: "Save", action: #selector(saveDocument), keyEquivalent: "s")

    mainMenu.addItem(fileMenuItem)

    // Edit Menu
    let editMenu = NSMenu(title: "Edit")
    let editMenuItem = NSMenuItem()
    editMenuItem.submenu = editMenu

    editMenu.addItem(withTitle: "Undo", action: Selector(("undo:")), keyEquivalent: "z")
    editMenu.addItem(withTitle: "Redo", action: Selector(("redo:")), keyEquivalent: "Z")
    editMenu.addItem(NSMenuItem.separator())
    editMenu.addItem(withTitle: "Cut", action: #selector(NSText.cut(_:)), keyEquivalent: "x")
    editMenu.addItem(withTitle: "Copy", action: #selector(NSText.copy(_:)), keyEquivalent: "c")
    editMenu.addItem(withTitle: "Paste", action: #selector(NSText.paste(_:)), keyEquivalent: "v")

    mainMenu.addItem(editMenuItem)

    NSApp.mainMenu = mainMenu
}

Document-Based Apps

基于文档的应用

Document Controller

文档控制器

swift
import Cocoa
import UniformTypeIdentifiers

class MyDocument: NSDocument {
    var content: String = ""

    override class var autosavesInPlace: Bool { true }

    override func makeWindowControllers() {
        let storyboard = NSStoryboard(name: "Main", bundle: nil)
        let windowController = storyboard.instantiateController(
            withIdentifier: "Document Window Controller"
        ) as! NSWindowController
        addWindowController(windowController)
    }

    override func data(ofType typeName: String) throws -> Data {
        guard let data = content.data(using: .utf8) else {
            throw NSError(domain: NSOSStatusErrorDomain, code: unimpErr)
        }
        return data
    }

    override func read(from data: Data, ofType typeName: String) throws {
        guard let content = String(data: data, encoding: .utf8) else {
            throw NSError(domain: NSOSStatusErrorDomain, code: unimpErr)
        }
        self.content = content
    }
}

// Info.plist Document Types
/*
<key>CFBundleDocumentTypes</key>
<array>
    <dict>
        <key>CFBundleTypeName</key>
        <string>My Document</string>
        <key>CFBundleTypeRole</key>
        <string>Editor</string>
        <key>LSHandlerRank</key>
        <string>Owner</string>
        <key>LSItemContentTypes</key>
        <array>
            <string>com.example.mydocument</string>
        </array>
    </dict>
</array>
*/

swift
import Cocoa
import UniformTypeIdentifiers

class MyDocument: NSDocument {
    var content: String = ""

    override class var autosavesInPlace: Bool { true }

    override func makeWindowControllers() {
        let storyboard = NSStoryboard(name: "Main", bundle: nil)
        let windowController = storyboard.instantiateController(
            withIdentifier: "Document Window Controller"
        ) as! NSWindowController
        addWindowController(windowController)
    }

    override func data(ofType typeName: String) throws -> Data {
        guard let data = content.data(using: .utf8) else {
            throw NSError(domain: NSOSStatusErrorDomain, code: unimpErr)
        }
        return data
    }

    override func read(from data: Data, ofType typeName: String) throws {
        guard let content = String(data: data, encoding: .utf8) else {
            throw NSError(domain: NSOSStatusErrorDomain, code: unimpErr)
        }
        self.content = content
    }
}

// Info.plist Document Types
/*
<key>CFBundleDocumentTypes</key>
<array>
    <dict>
        <key>CFBundleTypeName</key>
        <string>My Document</string>
        <key>CFBundleTypeRole</key>
        <string>Editor</string>
        <key>LSHandlerRank</key>
        <string>Owner</string>
        <key>LSItemContentTypes</key>
        <array>
            <string>com.example.mydocument</string>
        </array>
    </dict>
</array>
*/

System Integration

系统集成

Services

系统服务

swift
// Providing a service
class ServiceProvider: NSObject {
    @objc func processText(_ pboard: NSPasteboard, userData: String, error: AutoreleasingUnsafeMutablePointer<NSString?>) {
        guard let text = pboard.string(forType: .string) else { return }

        let processed = text.uppercased()

        pboard.clearContents()
        pboard.setString(processed, forType: .string)
    }
}

// Register in Info.plist
/*
<key>NSServices</key>
<array>
    <dict>
        <key>NSMenuItem</key>
        <dict>
            <key>default</key>
            <string>Process with My App</string>
        </dict>
        <key>NSMessage</key>
        <string>processText</string>
        <key>NSPortName</key>
        <string>MyApp</string>
        <key>NSSendTypes</key>
        <array>
            <string>NSStringPboardType</string>
        </array>
        <key>NSReturnTypes</key>
        <array>
            <string>NSStringPboardType</string>
        </array>
    </dict>
</array>
*/
swift
// Providing a service
class ServiceProvider: NSObject {
    @objc func processText(_ pboard: NSPasteboard, userData: String, error: AutoreleasingUnsafeMutablePointer<NSString?>) {
        guard let text = pboard.string(forType: .string) else { return }

        let processed = text.uppercased()

        pboard.clearContents()
        pboard.setString(processed, forType: .string)
    }
}

// Register in Info.plist
/*
<key>NSServices</key>
<array>
    <dict>
        <key>NSMenuItem</key>
        <dict>
            <key>default</key>
            <string>Process with My App</string>
        </dict>
        <key>NSMessage</key>
        <string>processText</string>
        <key>NSPortName</key>
        <string>MyApp</string>
        <key>NSSendTypes</key>
        <array>
            <string>NSStringPboardType</string>
        </array>
        <key>NSReturnTypes</key>
        <array>
            <string>NSStringPboardType</string>
        </array>
    </dict>
</array>
*/

Drag and Drop

拖拽功能

swift
class DropView: NSView {
    override init(frame frameRect: NSRect) {
        super.init(frame: frameRect)
        registerForDraggedTypes([.fileURL, .string])
    }

    required init?(coder: NSCoder) {
        super.init(coder: coder)
        registerForDraggedTypes([.fileURL, .string])
    }

    override func draggingEntered(_ sender: NSDraggingInfo) -> NSDragOperation {
        return .copy
    }

    override func performDragOperation(_ sender: NSDraggingInfo) -> Bool {
        let pasteboard = sender.draggingPasteboard

        if let urls = pasteboard.readObjects(forClasses: [NSURL.self]) as? [URL] {
            for url in urls {
                handleDroppedFile(url)
            }
            return true
        }

        if let strings = pasteboard.readObjects(forClasses: [NSString.self]) as? [String] {
            for string in strings {
                handleDroppedText(string)
            }
            return true
        }

        return false
    }

    private func handleDroppedFile(_ url: URL) {
        print("Dropped file: \(url)")
    }

    private func handleDroppedText(_ text: String) {
        print("Dropped text: \(text)")
    }
}
swift
class DropView: NSView {
    override init(frame frameRect: NSRect) {
        super.init(frame: frameRect)
        registerForDraggedTypes([.fileURL, .string])
    }

    required init?(coder: NSCoder) {
        super.init(coder: coder)
        registerForDraggedTypes([.fileURL, .string])
    }

    override func draggingEntered(_ sender: NSDraggingInfo) -> NSDragOperation {
        return .copy
    }

    override func performDragOperation(_ sender: NSDraggingInfo) -> Bool {
        let pasteboard = sender.draggingPasteboard

        if let urls = pasteboard.readObjects(forClasses: [NSURL.self]) as? [URL] {
            for url in urls {
                handleDroppedFile(url)
            }
            return true
        }

        if let strings = pasteboard.readObjects(forClasses: [NSString.self]) as? [String] {
            for string in strings {
                handleDroppedText(string)
            }
            return true
        }

        return false
    }

    private func handleDroppedFile(_ url: URL) {
        print("Dropped file: \(url)")
    }

    private func handleDroppedText(_ text: String) {
        print("Dropped text: \(text)")
    }
}

Notifications

通知

swift
import UserNotifications

class NotificationManager {
    static let shared = NotificationManager()

    func requestAuthorization() {
        UNUserNotificationCenter.current().requestAuthorization(options: [.alert, .sound, .badge]) { granted, error in
            if granted {
                print("Notification permission granted")
            }
        }
    }

    func scheduleNotification(title: String, body: String, delay: TimeInterval = 5) {
        let content = UNMutableNotificationContent()
        content.title = title
        content.body = body
        content.sound = .default

        let trigger = UNTimeIntervalNotificationTrigger(timeInterval: delay, repeats: false)
        let request = UNNotificationRequest(
            identifier: UUID().uuidString,
            content: content,
            trigger: trigger
        )

        UNUserNotificationCenter.current().add(request)
    }
}

swift
import UserNotifications

class NotificationManager {
    static let shared = NotificationManager()

    func requestAuthorization() {
        UNUserNotificationCenter.current().requestAuthorization(options: [.alert, .sound, .badge]) { granted, error in
            if granted {
                print("Notification permission granted")
            }
        }
    }

    func scheduleNotification(title: String, body: String, delay: TimeInterval = 5) {
        let content = UNMutableNotificationContent()
        content.title = title
        content.body = body
        content.sound = .default

        let trigger = UNTimeIntervalNotificationTrigger(timeInterval: delay, repeats: false)
        let request = UNNotificationRequest(
            identifier: UUID().uuidString,
            content: content,
            trigger: trigger
        )

        UNUserNotificationCenter.current().add(request)
    }
}

Sandboxing & Entitlements

沙箱与Entitlements

Common Entitlements

常用Entitlements

xml
<!-- MyApp.entitlements -->
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
<plist version="1.0">
<dict>
    <!-- App Sandbox -->
    <key>com.apple.security.app-sandbox</key>
    <true/>

    <!-- Network -->
    <key>com.apple.security.network.client</key>
    <true/>
    <key>com.apple.security.network.server</key>
    <true/>

    <!-- File Access -->
    <key>com.apple.security.files.user-selected.read-write</key>
    <true/>
    <key>com.apple.security.files.downloads.read-write</key>
    <true/>

    <!-- Hardware -->
    <key>com.apple.security.device.camera</key>
    <true/>
    <key>com.apple.security.device.microphone</key>
    <true/>

    <!-- Hardened Runtime -->
    <key>com.apple.security.cs.allow-jit</key>
    <true/>
    <key>com.apple.security.cs.allow-unsigned-executable-memory</key>
    <true/>
</dict>
</plist>
xml
<!-- MyApp.entitlements -->
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
<plist version="1.0">
<dict>
    <!-- App Sandbox -->
    <key>com.apple.security.app-sandbox</key>
    <true/>

    <!-- Network -->
    <key>com.apple.security.network.client</key>
    <true/>
    <key>com.apple.security.network.server</key>
    <true/>

    <!-- File Access -->
    <key>com.apple.security.files.user-selected.read-write</key>
    <true/>
    <key>com.apple.security.files.downloads.read-write</key>
    <true/>

    <!-- Hardware -->
    <key>com.apple.security.device.camera</key>
    <true/>
    <key>com.apple.security.device.microphone</key>
    <true/>

    <!-- Hardened Runtime -->
    <key>com.apple.security.cs.allow-jit</key>
    <true/>
    <key>com.apple.security.cs.allow-unsigned-executable-memory</key>
    <true/>
</dict>
</plist>

Security-Scoped Bookmarks

安全作用域书签

swift
class BookmarkManager {
    private let bookmarksKey = "securityScopedBookmarks"

    func saveBookmark(for url: URL) throws {
        let bookmarkData = try url.bookmarkData(
            options: .withSecurityScope,
            includingResourceValuesForKeys: nil,
            relativeTo: nil
        )

        var bookmarks = UserDefaults.standard.dictionary(forKey: bookmarksKey) ?? [:]
        bookmarks[url.path] = bookmarkData
        UserDefaults.standard.set(bookmarks, forKey: bookmarksKey)
    }

    func resolveBookmark(for path: String) -> URL? {
        guard let bookmarks = UserDefaults.standard.dictionary(forKey: bookmarksKey),
              let bookmarkData = bookmarks[path] as? Data else {
            return nil
        }

        var isStale = false
        guard let url = try? URL(
            resolvingBookmarkData: bookmarkData,
            options: .withSecurityScope,
            relativeTo: nil,
            bookmarkDataIsStale: &isStale
        ) else {
            return nil
        }

        if isStale {
            try? saveBookmark(for: url)
        }

        return url
    }

    func accessSecurityScopedResource(_ url: URL, action: (URL) throws -> Void) rethrows {
        guard url.startAccessingSecurityScopedResource() else {
            return
        }
        defer { url.stopAccessingSecurityScopedResource() }
        try action(url)
    }
}

swift
class BookmarkManager {
    private let bookmarksKey = "securityScopedBookmarks"

    func saveBookmark(for url: URL) throws {
        let bookmarkData = try url.bookmarkData(
            options: .withSecurityScope,
            includingResourceValuesForKeys: nil,
            relativeTo: nil
        )

        var bookmarks = UserDefaults.standard.dictionary(forKey: bookmarksKey) ?? [:]
        bookmarks[url.path] = bookmarkData
        UserDefaults.standard.set(bookmarks, forKey: bookmarksKey)
    }

    func resolveBookmark(for path: String) -> URL? {
        guard let bookmarks = UserDefaults.standard.dictionary(forKey: bookmarksKey),
              let bookmarkData = bookmarks[path] as? Data else {
            return nil
        }

        var isStale = false
        guard let url = try? URL(
            resolvingBookmarkData: bookmarkData,
            options: .withSecurityScope,
            relativeTo: nil,
            bookmarkDataIsStale: &isStale
        ) else {
            return nil
        }

        if isStale {
            try? saveBookmark(for: url)
        }

        return url
    }

    func accessSecurityScopedResource(_ url: URL, action: (URL) throws -> Void) rethrows {
        guard url.startAccessingSecurityScopedResource() else {
            return
        }
        defer { url.stopAccessingSecurityScopedResource() }
        try action(url)
    }
}

Checklist

检查清单

Mac App Store Submission

Mac App Store提交

  • App Sandbox enabled
  • Hardened Runtime enabled
  • All entitlements justified
  • Privacy descriptions in Info.plist
  • App icon (all sizes)
  • Screenshots for App Store
  • No private API usage
  • 已启用App Sandbox
  • 已启用强化运行时
  • 所有Entitlements都有合理说明
  • Info.plist中已添加隐私说明
  • 包含所有尺寸的应用图标
  • 准备好App Store截图
  • 未使用私有API

Best Practices

最佳实践

  • Support keyboard navigation
  • Respect system appearance (dark/light)
  • Support Full Screen
  • Handle window restoration
  • Implement proper undo/redo
  • Support standard keyboard shortcuts
  • 支持键盘导航
  • 适配系统外观(深色/浅色模式)
  • 支持全屏模式
  • 处理窗口状态恢复
  • 实现正确的撤销/重做功能
  • 支持标准键盘快捷键