import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.animation import FuncAnimation

fig, ax = plt.subplots()
line, = ax.plot([], [], lw=2) # Returns the Line2D artist

def init():
    ax.set_xlim(0, 2*np.pi)
    ax.set_ylim(-1, 1)
    return line, # Note the comma

def update(frame):
    x = np.linspace(0, 2*np.pi, 100)
    y = np.sin(x + frame/10.0)
    line.set_data(x, y)
    return line,

# blit=True is critical for performance
ani = FuncAnimation(fig, update, frames=100, init_func=init, blit=True)
plt.show()

import matplotlib as mpl

mpl.use("pgf") # Use PGF for perfect LaTeX integration
mpl.rcParams.update({
    "pgf.texsystem": "pdflatex",
    "font.family": "serif",
    "text.usetex": True,
    "pgf.rcfonts": False,
})

fig.savefig("figure.pgf") # Import this directly into your LaTeX doc

import matplotlib.gridspec as gridspec

fig = plt.figure(constrained_layout=True)
gs = gridspec.GridSpec(3, 3, figure=fig)

ax_main = fig.add_subplot(gs[0:2, :]) # Top 2/3rds
ax_hist_x = fig.add_subplot(gs[2, 0:2]) # Bottom left
ax_hist_y = fig.add_subplot(gs[2, 2]) # Bottom right

from matplotlib.widgets import Slider

fig, ax = plt.subplots()
plt.subplots_adjust(bottom=0.25)
line, = ax.plot(x, np.sin(x))

ax_freq = plt.axes([0.25, 0.1, 0.65, 0.03])
slider = Slider(ax_freq, 'Freq', 0.1, 30.0, valinit=1.0)

def update(val):
    line.set_ydata(np.sin(slider.val * x))
    fig.canvas.draw_idle() # Optimized redraw

slider.on_changed(update)