kustomize-basics

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Kustomize Basics

Kustomize 基础

Kubernetes configuration customization without templates.

无需模板即可自定义Kubernetes配置。

Basic Structure

基本结构

app/
├── base/
│   ├── kustomization.yaml
│   ├── deployment.yaml
│   └── service.yaml
└── overlays/
    ├── development/
    │   └── kustomization.yaml
    └── production/
        └── kustomization.yaml

app/
├── base/
│   ├── kustomization.yaml
│   ├── deployment.yaml
│   └── service.yaml
└── overlays/
    ├── development/
    │   └── kustomization.yaml
    └── production/
        └── kustomization.yaml

Base Kustomization

基础Kustomization配置

yaml

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yaml

undefined

base/kustomization.yaml

apiVersion: kustomize.config.k8s.io/v1beta1 kind: Kustomization

resources:

deployment.yaml
service.yaml

commonLabels: app: myapp

namePrefix: myapp-

images:

name: myapp newTag: v1.0.0

undefined

apiVersion: kustomize.config.k8s.io/v1beta1 kind: Kustomization

resources:

deployment.yaml
service.yaml

commonLabels: app: myapp

namePrefix: myapp-

images:

name: myapp newTag: v1.0.0

undefined

Overlay Kustomization

覆盖层Kustomization配置

yaml

undefined

yaml

undefined

overlays/production/kustomization.yaml

apiVersion: kustomize.config.k8s.io/v1beta1 kind: Kustomization

bases:

../../base

replicas:

name: myapp-deployment count: 5

images:

name: myapp newTag: v2.0.0

patches:

patch: |- apiVersion: apps/v1 kind: Deployment metadata: name: myapp-deployment spec: template: spec: containers: - name: myapp resources: limits: memory: "1Gi" cpu: "1000m"

undefined

apiVersion: kustomize.config.k8s.io/v1beta1 kind: Kustomization

bases:

../../base

replicas:

name: myapp-deployment count: 5

images:

name: myapp newTag: v2.0.0

patches:

patch: |- apiVersion: apps/v1 kind: Deployment metadata: name: myapp-deployment spec: template: spec: containers: - name: myapp resources: limits: memory: "1Gi" cpu: "1000m"

undefined

Common Commands

常用命令

bash

undefined

bash

undefined

Build kustomization

kustomize build base/

Build overlay

kustomize build overlays/production/

Apply with kubectl

kubectl apply -k overlays/production/

Diff before apply

kubectl diff -k overlays/production/

undefined

kubectl diff -k overlays/production/

undefined

Transformers

转换器

Common Labels

通用标签

yaml

commonLabels:
  app: myapp
  environment: production

yaml

commonLabels:
  app: myapp
  environment: production

Name Prefix/Suffix

名称前缀/后缀

yaml

namePrefix: prod-
nameSuffix: -v2

yaml

namePrefix: prod-
nameSuffix: -v2

Namespace

命名空间

yaml

namespace: production

yaml

namespace: production

Config Map Generator

ConfigMap生成器

yaml

configMapGenerator:
  - name: app-config
    files:
      - config.properties
    literals:
      - LOG_LEVEL=info

yaml

configMapGenerator:
  - name: app-config
    files:
      - config.properties
    literals:
      - LOG_LEVEL=info

Secret Generator

Secret生成器

yaml

secretGenerator:
  - name: app-secrets
    literals:
      - password=secret123

yaml

secretGenerator:
  - name: app-secrets
    literals:
      - password=secret123

Best Practices

最佳实践

Use Bases for Common Configuration

通用配置使用基础层

Keep common configuration in base and environment-specific in overlays.

将通用配置放在base层，环境特定配置放在overlays层。

Strategic Merge Patches

策略合并补丁

yaml

patches:
  - path: patch-deployment.yaml

yaml

patches:
  - path: patch-deployment.yaml

JSON Patches

JSON补丁

yaml

patchesJson6902:
  - target:
      group: apps
      version: v1
      kind: Deployment
      name: myapp
    patch: |-
      - op: replace
        path: /spec/replicas
        value: 3

yaml

patchesJson6902:
  - target:
      group: apps
      version: v1
      kind: Deployment
      name: myapp
    patch: |-
      - op: replace
        path: /spec/replicas
        value: 3