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pip install --upgrade \
  google-api-python-client \
  google-auth-httplib2 \
  google-auth-oauthlib

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---

from googleapiclient.discovery import build

docs = build('docs', 'v1', credentials=creds)

**Key batchUpdate operations**: `insertText`, `deleteContentRange`, `replaceAllText`, `updateTextStyle`, `updateParagraphStyle`, `insertTable`, `insertInlineImage`, `createHeader`, `createFooter`, `createNamedRange`

---

sheets = build('sheets', 'v4', credentials=creds)
ss = sheets.spreadsheets()

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slides = build('slides', 'v1', credentials=creds)

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drive = build('drive', 'v3', credentials=creds)

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import base64
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart

gmail = build('gmail', 'v1', credentials=creds)

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from datetime import datetime, timedelta
import pytz

calendar = build('calendar', 'v3', credentials=creds)

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chat = build('chat', 'v1', credentials=creds)

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forms = build('forms', 'v1', credentials=creds)

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from google.oauth2 import service_account

SA_FILE = 'service-account.json'
SCOPES  = ['https://www.googleapis.com/auth/admin.directory.user',
           'https://www.googleapis.com/auth/admin.directory.group']
creds = service_account.Credentials.from_service_account_file(
    SA_FILE, scopes=SCOPES
).with_subject('admin@yourdomain.com')

admin = build('admin', 'directory_v1', credentials=creds)

---

script = build('script', 'v1', credentials=creds)

---

def create_doc_from_template(drive, docs, template_id, replacements, dest_folder_id=None):
    """Clone a template Google Doc and fill in placeholders."""
    body = {'name': replacements.get('{{title}}', 'New Document')}
    if dest_folder_id:
        body['parents'] = [dest_folder_id]
    copy = drive.files().copy(fileId=template_id, body=body).execute()
    new_id = copy['id']
    requests = [
        {'replaceAllText': {'containsText': {'text': k, 'matchCase': False}, 'replaceText': v}}
        for k, v in replacements.items()
    ]
    if requests:
        docs.documents().batchUpdate(documentId=new_id, body={'requests': requests}).execute()
    return new_id

def bulk_append_rows(sheets, spreadsheet_id, sheet_name, rows):
    """Append multiple rows to a sheet in one API call."""
    sheets.spreadsheets().values().append(
        spreadsheetId=spreadsheet_id,
        range=f'{sheet_name}!A1',
        valueInputOption='USER_ENTERED',
        insertDataOption='INSERT_ROWS',
        body={'values': rows}
    ).execute()

def create_meeting_notes(calendar, drive, docs, event_id):
    """Create a Google Doc for meeting notes and share with attendees."""
    event = calendar.events().get(calendarId='primary', eventId=event_id).execute()
    attendees = [a['email'] for a in event.get('attendees', [])]
    title = f"Meeting Notes: {event['summary']} — {event['start'].get('dateTime', event['start'].get('date'))}"
    doc = docs.documents().create(body={'title': title}).execute()
    doc_id = doc['documentId']
    for email in attendees:
        drive.permissions().create(
            fileId=doc_id,
            body={'type': 'user', 'role': 'writer', 'emailAddress': email},
            sendNotificationEmail=True
        ).execute()
    return doc_id

def sync_form_to_sheet(forms, sheets, form_id, spreadsheet_id):
    """Sync all form responses to a Google Sheet."""
    responses = forms.forms().responses().list(formId=form_id).execute()
    form_data = forms.forms().get(formId=form_id).execute()
    questions = {
        item['itemId']: item.get('title', '')
        for item in form_data.get('items', [])
        if 'questionItem' in item
    }
    headers = ['Timestamp'] + list(questions.values())
    rows = [headers]
    for resp in responses.get('responses', []):
        row = [resp.get('createTime', '')]
        for qid in questions:
            ans = resp.get('answers', {}).get(qid, {})
            text_ans = ans.get('textAnswers', {}).get('answers', [{}])
            row.append(text_ans[0].get('value', '') if text_ans else '')
        rows.append(row)
    sheets.spreadsheets().values().update(
        spreadsheetId=spreadsheet_id,
        range='Sheet1!A1',
        valueInputOption='USER_ENTERED',
        body={'values': rows}
    ).execute()

import time
from googleapiclient.errors import HttpError

def api_call_with_retry(func, *args, max_retries=5, **kwargs):
    """Wrapper that retries on 429/503 with exponential backoff."""
    for attempt in range(max_retries):
        try:
            return func(*args, **kwargs).execute()
        except HttpError as e:
            if e.resp.status in (429, 503) and attempt < max_retries - 1:
                wait = (2 ** attempt) + 0.1
                print(f"Rate limit hit, waiting {wait:.1f}s...")
                time.sleep(wait)
            else:
                raise