n8n-workflow-automation

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Original

English
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Translation

Chinese

n8n workflow automation with retries, logging, and review queues

具备重试、日志记录和审核队列的n8n工作流自动化

PURPOSE

用途

Designs and outputs n8n workflow JSON with robust triggers, idempotency, error handling, logging, retries, and human-in-the-loop review queues.
设计并输出具备可靠触发器、幂等性、错误处理、日志记录、重试机制和人工介入审核队列的n8n工作流JSON。

WHEN TO USE

适用场景

  • TRIGGERS:
    • Build an n8n workflow that runs every Monday and emails the compliance summary.
    • Add error handling and retries to this workflow, plus a review queue for failures.
    • Create a webhook workflow that logs every run and writes a status row to a tracker.
    • Make this n8n flow idempotent so it does not duplicate records when it reruns.
    • Instrument this workflow with audit logs and a human approval step.
  • DO NOT USE WHEN…
    • You need code-only automation without n8n (use a scripting/CI skill).
    • You need to bypass security controls or hide audit trails.
    • You need to purchase or recommend prohibited items/services.
  • 触发场景:
    • 构建一个每周一运行并发送合规摘要邮件的n8n工作流。
    • 为该工作流添加错误处理和重试机制,以及针对失败任务的审核队列。
    • 创建一个记录每次运行情况并向追踪表写入状态行的webhook工作流。
    • 确保该n8n工作流具备幂等性,避免重新运行时重复生成记录。
    • 为该工作流配置审计日志和人工审批步骤。
  • 不适用场景:
    • 你需要无需n8n的纯代码自动化(请使用脚本/CI技能)。
    • 你需要绕过安全控制或隐藏审计轨迹。
    • 你需要采购或推荐受限物品/服务。

INPUTS

输入项

  • REQUIRED:
    • Workflow intent: trigger type + schedule/timezone + success criteria.
    • Targets: where to write results (email/Drive/Sheet/DB) and required fields.
  • OPTIONAL:
    • Existing n8n workflow JSON to modify.
    • Sample payloads / example records.
    • Definition of dedup keys (what makes a record unique).
  • EXAMPLES:
    • Cron: Monday 08:00 Europe/London; send summary email + Drive upload
    • Webhook: receive JSON; route to folders
  • 必填项:
    • 工作流意图:触发器类型 + 调度规则/时区 + 成功判定标准。
    • 目标端:结果输出位置(邮件/Drive/表格/数据库)及必填字段。
  • 可选项:
    • 待修改的现有n8n工作流JSON。
    • 示例负载/记录样本。
    • 去重键定义(用于标识记录唯一性的字段)。
  • 示例:
    • Cron:每周一08:00(欧洲/伦敦时区);发送摘要邮件并上传至Drive
    • Webhook:接收JSON数据;路由至对应文件夹

OUTPUTS

输出项

  • Default (read-only): a workflow design spec (nodes, data contracts, failure modes).
  • If explicitly requested:
    workflow.json
    (n8n importable JSON) +
    runbook.md
    (from template). Success = workflow is idempotent, logs every run, retries safely, and routes failures to a review queue.
  • 默认(只读):工作流设计规范(节点、数据契约、故障模式)。
  • 若明确要求:
    workflow.json
    (可导入n8n的JSON文件) +
    runbook.md
    (基于模板生成)。 成功标准 = 工作流具备幂等性、记录每次运行、安全重试,并将失败任务路由至审核队列。

WORKFLOW

工作流步骤

  1. Clarify trigger:
    • Cron/webhook/manual; schedule/timezone; concurrency expectations.
  2. Define data contract:
    • input schema, required fields, and validation rules.
  3. Design idempotency:
    • choose dedup key(s) and storage (DB/Sheet) to prevent duplicates on retries.
  4. Add observability:
    • generate
      run_id
      , log start/end, store status row and error details.
  5. Implement error handling:
    • per-node error branches, retry with backoff, and final failure notification.
  6. Add human-in-the-loop (HITL) review queue:
    • write failed items to a queue (Sheet/DB) and require approval to reprocess.
  7. “No silent failure” gates:
    • if counts/thresholds fail, stop workflow and alert.
  8. Output:
    • If asked for JSON: produce importable n8n workflow JSON + runbook.
  9. STOP AND ASK THE USER if:
    • destination systems are unknown,
    • no dedup key exists,
    • credential strategy (env vars) is not specified,
    • the workflow needs privileged access not yet approved.
  1. 明确触发器:
    • Cron/webhook/手动触发;调度规则/时区;并发预期。
  2. 定义数据契约:
    • 输入 schema、必填字段及验证规则。
  3. 设计幂等性:
    • 选择去重键及存储介质(数据库/表格),防止重试时生成重复记录。
  4. 添加可观测性:
    • 生成
      run_id
      、记录运行起止时间、存储状态行及错误详情。
  5. 实现错误处理:
    • 为每个节点配置错误分支、带退避策略的重试机制,以及最终故障通知。
  6. 添加人工介入(HITL)审核队列:
    • 将失败任务写入队列(表格/数据库),并要求审批后才可重新处理。
  7. “无静默失败”校验:
    • 若计数/阈值不达标,终止工作流并发送告警。
  8. 输出结果:
    • 若要求JSON文件:生成可导入n8n的工作流JSON + 运行手册。
  9. 以下情况需停止并询问用户:
    • 目标系统不明确,
    • 无去重键定义,
    • 未指定凭证策略(环境变量),
    • 工作流需要未获批的特权访问权限。

OUTPUT FORMAT

输出格式

If outputting n8n workflow JSON, conform to:
json
{
  "name": "<workflow name>",
  "nodes": [ { "name": "Trigger", "type": "n8n-nodes-base.cron", "parameters": {}, "position": [0,0] } ],
  "connections": {},
  "settings": {},
  "active": false
}
Also output
runbook.md
using
assets/runbook-template.md
.
若输出n8n工作流JSON,需遵循以下格式:
json
{
  "name": "<workflow name>",
  "nodes": [ { "name": "Trigger", "type": "n8n-nodes-base.cron", "parameters": {}, "position": [0,0] } ],
  "connections": {},
  "settings": {},
  "active": false
}
同时需基于
assets/runbook-template.md
输出
runbook.md

SAFETY & EDGE CASES

安全与边缘情况

  • Read-only by default; only emit workflow JSON when explicitly requested.
  • Do not include secrets in JSON; reference env vars/credential names only.
  • Include audit logging + failure notifications; avoid workflows that can silently drop data.
  • Prefer least privilege: call only required APIs and minimize scopes.
  • 默认只读;仅在明确要求时输出工作流JSON。
  • 请勿在JSON中包含密钥;仅引用环境变量/凭证名称。
  • 包含审计日志与故障通知;避免可能静默丢失数据的工作流。
  • 遵循最小权限原则:仅调用必要API并最小化权限范围。

EXAMPLES

示例

  • Input: “Cron every Monday, email compliance summary, retry failures.”
    Output: Node map +
    workflow.json
    with Cron → Fetch → Aggregate → Email, plus error branches to review queue.
  • Input: “Webhook that logs runs and writes status row.”
    Output: Webhook → Validate → Process → Append status row; on error → log + notify + queue.
  • 输入:“每周一执行Cron任务,发送合规摘要邮件,并重试失败任务。”
    输出:节点映射 +
    workflow.json
    ,包含Cron → 数据获取 → 聚合 → 邮件发送节点,以及指向审核队列的错误分支。
  • 输入:“记录运行情况并写入状态行的Webhook。”
    输出:Webhook → 验证 → 处理 → 追加状态行;错误时 → 记录日志 + 发送通知 → 加入队列。