scientific-writing

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Scientific Writing

科学写作

Overview

概述

This is the core skill for the deep research and writing tool—combining AI-driven deep research with well-formatted written outputs. Every document produced is backed by comprehensive literature search and verified citations through the research-lookup skill.
Scientific writing is a process for communicating research with precision and clarity. Write manuscripts using IMRAD structure, citations (APA/AMA/Vancouver), figures/tables, and reporting guidelines (CONSORT/STROBE/PRISMA). Apply this skill for research papers and journal submissions.
Critical Principle: Always write in full paragraphs with flowing prose. Never submit bullet points in the final manuscript. Use a two-stage process: first create section outlines with key points using research-lookup, then convert those outlines into complete paragraphs.
这是深度研究与写作工具的核心技能——将AI驱动的深度研究与格式规范的书面输出相结合。生成的每份文档都依托全面的文献检索,并通过research-lookup技能验证引用内容。
科学写作是一种精准清晰地传达研究成果的流程。需遵循IMRAD结构、引用格式(APA/AMA/Vancouver)、图表规范及报告指南(CONSORT/STROBE/PRISMA)撰写手稿。该技能适用于研究论文撰写与期刊投稿场景。
核心原则:始终以完整段落、流畅的正式文稿撰写内容。最终手稿中严禁出现项目符号。 采用两阶段流程:首先借助research-lookup技能生成带有关键要点的章节大纲,随后将这些大纲转化为完整段落。

When to Use This Skill

技能适用场景

This skill should be used when:
  • Writing or revising any section of a scientific manuscript (abstract, introduction, methods, results, discussion)
  • Structuring a research paper using IMRAD or other standard formats
  • Formatting citations and references in specific styles (APA, AMA, Vancouver, Chicago, IEEE)
  • Creating, formatting, or improving figures, tables, and data visualizations
  • Applying study-specific reporting guidelines (CONSORT for trials, STROBE for observational studies, PRISMA for reviews)
  • Drafting abstracts that meet journal requirements (structured or unstructured)
  • Preparing manuscripts for submission to specific journals
  • Improving writing clarity, conciseness, and precision
  • Ensuring proper use of field-specific terminology and nomenclature
  • Addressing reviewer comments and revising manuscripts
在以下场景中应使用本技能:
  • 撰写或修改科学手稿的任意章节(摘要、引言、方法、结果、讨论)
  • 采用IMRAD或其他标准格式构建研究论文结构
  • 按照特定样式(APA、AMA、Vancouver、Chicago、IEEE)格式化引用与参考文献
  • 创建、格式化或优化图表、表格及数据可视化内容
  • 遵循研究特定的报告指南(如试验研究遵循CONSORT,观察性研究遵循STROBE,综述研究遵循PRISMA)
  • 撰写符合期刊要求的摘要(结构化或非结构化)
  • 为特定期刊准备投稿手稿
  • 提升写作的清晰度、简洁性与精准度
  • 确保专业领域术语与命名规范的正确使用
  • 回应审稿意见并修改手稿

Visual Enhancement with Scientific Schematics

科学示意图的视觉增强

⚠️ MANDATORY: Every scientific paper MUST include a graphical abstract plus 1-2 additional AI-generated figures using the scientific-schematics skill.
This is not optional. Scientific papers without visual elements are incomplete. Before finalizing any document:
  1. ALWAYS generate a graphical abstract as the first visual element
  2. Generate at minimum ONE additional schematic or diagram using scientific-schematics
  3. Prefer 3-4 total figures for comprehensive papers (graphical abstract + methods flowchart + results visualization + conceptual diagram)
⚠️ 强制要求:每篇科学论文必须包含一幅图形摘要,以及1-2幅借助scientific-schematics技能生成的AI辅助图形。
此项要求为必选项。缺乏视觉元素的科学论文是不完整的。在最终确定任何文档前:
  1. 务必先生成图形摘要作为首个视觉元素
  2. 至少再生成一幅示意图或图表(使用scientific-schematics技能)
  3. 对于综合性论文,建议生成3-4幅图形(图形摘要+方法流程图+结果可视化图+概念示意图)

Graphical Abstract (REQUIRED)

图形摘要(必填)

Every scientific writeup MUST include a graphical abstract. This is a visual summary of your paper that:
  • Appears before or immediately after the text abstract
  • Captures the entire paper's key message in one image
  • Is suitable for journal table of contents display
  • Uses landscape orientation (typically 1200x600px)
Generate the graphical abstract FIRST:
bash
python scripts/generate_schematic.py "Graphical abstract for [paper title]: [brief description showing workflow from input → methods → key findings → conclusions]" -o figures/graphical_abstract.png
Graphical Abstract Requirements:
  • Content: Visual summary showing workflow, key methods, main findings, and conclusions
  • Style: Clean, professional, suitable for journal TOC
  • Elements: Include 3-5 key steps/concepts with connecting arrows or flow
  • Text: Minimal labels, large readable fonts
  • Log:
    [HH:MM:SS] GENERATED: Graphical abstract for paper summary
每篇科学文稿必须包含图形摘要。 图形摘要是论文的视觉总结,需满足:
  • 置于文字摘要之前或紧随其后
  • 用单幅图像呈现论文的核心信息
  • 适合期刊目录展示
  • 采用横向版式(通常为1200x600px)
优先生成图形摘要:
bash
python scripts/generate_schematic.py "Graphical abstract for [paper title]: [brief description showing workflow from input → methods → key findings → conclusions]" -o figures/graphical_abstract.png
图形摘要要求:
  • 内容:展示工作流程、核心方法、主要发现与结论的视觉总结
  • 风格:简洁专业,符合期刊目录展示标准
  • 元素:包含3-5个关键步骤/概念,并用箭头或流程线连接
  • 文字:标签精简,字体清晰易读
  • 日志:
    [HH:MM:SS] GENERATED: Graphical abstract for paper summary

Additional Figures (GENERATE EXTENSIVELY)

补充图形(大量生成)

⚠️ CRITICAL: Use BOTH scientific-schematics AND generate-image EXTENSIVELY throughout all documents.
Every document should be richly illustrated. Generate figures liberally - when in doubt, add a visual.
MINIMUM Figure Requirements:
Document TypeMinimumRecommended
Research Papers56-8
Literature Reviews45-7
Market Research2025-30
Presentations1/slide1-2/slide
Posters68-10
Grants45-7
Clinical Reports34-6
Use scientific-schematics EXTENSIVELY for technical diagrams:
bash
python scripts/generate_schematic.py "your diagram description" -o figures/output.png
  • Study design and methodology flowcharts (CONSORT, PRISMA, STROBE)
  • Conceptual framework diagrams
  • Experimental workflow illustrations
  • Data analysis pipeline diagrams
  • Biological pathway or mechanism diagrams
  • System architecture visualizations
  • Neural network architectures
  • Decision trees, algorithm flowcharts
  • Comparison matrices, timeline diagrams
  • Any technical concept that benefits from schematic visualization
Use generate-image EXTENSIVELY for visual content:
bash
python scripts/generate_image.py "your image description" -o figures/output.png
  • Photorealistic illustrations of concepts
  • Medical/anatomical illustrations
  • Environmental/ecological scenes
  • Equipment and lab setup visualizations
  • Artistic visualizations, infographics
  • Cover images, header graphics
  • Product mockups, prototype visualizations
  • Any visual that enhances understanding or engagement
The AI will automatically:
  • Create publication-quality images with proper formatting
  • Review and refine through multiple iterations
  • Ensure accessibility (colorblind-friendly, high contrast)
  • Save outputs in the figures/ directory
When in Doubt, Generate a Figure:
  • Complex concept → generate a schematic
  • Data discussion → generate a visualization
  • Process description → generate a flowchart
  • Comparison → generate a comparison diagram
  • Reader benefit → generate a visual
For detailed guidance, refer to the scientific-schematics and generate-image skill documentation.

⚠️ 关键提示:在所有文档中广泛使用scientific-schematics与generate-image技能。
每份文档都应配有丰富的插图。在存疑时,优先添加视觉元素。
图形最低要求:
文档类型最低数量推荐数量
研究论文56-8
文献综述45-7
市场研究报告2025-30
演示文稿每页1幅每页1-2幅
海报68-10
基金申请45-7
临床报告34-6
针对技术图表,广泛使用scientific-schematics技能:
bash
python scripts/generate_schematic.py "your diagram description" -o figures/output.png
  • 研究设计与方法流程图(CONSORT、PRISMA、STROBE)
  • 概念框架图
  • 实验工作流程示意图
  • 数据分析管线图
  • 生物通路或机制图
  • 系统架构可视化图
  • 神经网络架构图
  • 决策树、算法流程图
  • 对比矩阵、时间线图
  • 任何可通过示意图增强理解的技术概念
针对视觉内容,广泛使用generate-image技能:
bash
python scripts/generate_image.py "your image description" -o figures/output.png
  • 概念的写实插图
  • 医学/解剖学插图
  • 环境/生态场景图
  • 设备与实验室布局可视化图
  • 艺术化可视化、信息图
  • 封面图、页眉图
  • 产品模型、原型可视化图
  • 任何可提升理解度或吸引力的视觉元素
AI将自动完成以下操作:
  • 创建符合出版标准的格式化图像
  • 通过多轮迭代进行审核与优化
  • 确保可访问性(色盲友好、高对比度)
  • 将输出文件保存至figures/目录
存疑时,生成图形:
  • 复杂概念 → 生成示意图
  • 数据讨论 → 生成可视化图
  • 流程描述 → 生成流程图
  • 对比内容 → 生成对比图
  • 提升读者体验 → 生成视觉元素
如需详细指导,请参考scientific-schematics与generate-image技能的文档。

Core Capabilities

核心能力

1. Manuscript Structure and Organization

1. 手稿结构与组织

IMRAD Format: Guide papers through the standard Introduction, Methods, Results, And Discussion structure used across most scientific disciplines. This includes:
  • Introduction: Establish research context, identify gaps, state objectives
  • Methods: Detail study design, populations, procedures, and analysis approaches
  • Results: Present findings objectively without interpretation
  • Discussion: Interpret results, acknowledge limitations, propose future directions
For detailed guidance on IMRAD structure, refer to
references/imrad_structure.md
.
Alternative Structures: Support discipline-specific formats including:
  • Review articles (narrative, systematic, scoping)
  • Case reports and case series
  • Meta-analyses and pooled analyses
  • Theoretical/modeling papers
  • Methods papers and protocols
IMRAD格式:引导论文遵循大多数科学领域通用的标准结构——引言(Introduction)、方法(Methods)、结果(Results)与讨论(Discussion)。具体包括:
  • 引言:确立研究背景,识别研究缺口,阐述研究目标
  • 方法:详细说明研究设计、研究对象、流程与分析方法
  • 结果:客观呈现研究发现,不加入主观解读
  • 讨论:解读结果,承认研究局限性,提出未来研究方向
如需IMRAD结构的详细指导,请参考
references/imrad_structure.md
替代结构:支持特定学科的格式,包括:
  • 综述文章(叙述性、系统性、范围性)
  • 病例报告与病例系列
  • 荟萃分析与合并分析
  • 理论/建模论文
  • 方法学论文与研究方案

2. Section-Specific Writing Guidance

2. 分章节写作指导

Abstract Composition: Craft concise, standalone summaries (100-250 words) that capture the paper's purpose, methods, results, and conclusions. Support both structured abstracts (with labeled sections) and unstructured single-paragraph formats.
Introduction Development: Build compelling introductions that:
  • Establish the research problem's importance
  • Review relevant literature systematically
  • Identify knowledge gaps or controversies
  • State clear research questions or hypotheses
  • Explain the study's novelty and significance
Methods Documentation: Ensure reproducibility through:
  • Detailed participant/sample descriptions
  • Clear procedural documentation
  • Statistical methods with justification
  • Equipment and materials specifications
  • Ethical approval and consent statements
Results Presentation: Present findings with:
  • Logical flow from primary to secondary outcomes
  • Integration with figures and tables
  • Statistical significance with effect sizes
  • Objective reporting without interpretation
Discussion Construction: Synthesize findings by:
  • Relating results to research questions
  • Comparing with existing literature
  • Acknowledging limitations honestly
  • Proposing mechanistic explanations
  • Suggesting practical implications and future research
摘要撰写:创作简洁、独立的摘要(100-250词),涵盖论文目的、方法、结果与结论。支持结构化摘要(带标签章节)与非结构化单段落格式。
引言撰写:构建具有说服力的引言,需:
  • 确立研究问题的重要性
  • 系统回顾相关文献
  • 识别知识缺口或争议点
  • 明确提出研究问题或假设
  • 阐释研究的创新性与意义
方法描述:通过以下方式确保研究可重复性:
  • 详细描述研究对象/样本
  • 清晰记录研究流程
  • 说明统计方法并提供依据
  • 明确设备与材料规格
  • 提及伦理审批与知情同意声明
结果呈现:通过以下方式呈现研究发现:
  • 按照从主要到次要结果的逻辑顺序展示
  • 与图表内容相结合
  • 标注统计显著性与效应量
  • 客观报告,不加入主观解读
讨论构建:通过以下方式整合研究结果:
  • 将结果与研究问题关联
  • 与现有文献进行对比
  • 坦诚承认研究局限性
  • 提出机制性解释
  • 建议实际应用方向与未来研究

3. Citation and Reference Management

3. 引用与参考文献管理

Apply citation styles correctly across disciplines. For comprehensive style guides, refer to
references/citation_styles.md
.
Major Citation Styles:
  • AMA (American Medical Association): Numbered superscript citations, common in medicine
  • Vancouver: Numbered citations in square brackets, biomedical standard
  • APA (American Psychological Association): Author-date in-text citations, common in social sciences
  • Chicago: Notes-bibliography or author-date, humanities and sciences
  • IEEE: Numbered square brackets, engineering and computer science
Best Practices:
  • Cite primary sources when possible
  • Include recent literature (last 5-10 years for active fields)
  • Balance citation distribution across introduction and discussion
  • Verify all citations against original sources
  • Use reference management software (Zotero, Mendeley, EndNote)
正确应用各学科的引用格式。如需完整的格式指南,请参考
references/citation_styles.md
主要引用格式:
  • AMA(美国医学协会格式):上标数字引用,常见于医学领域
  • Vancouver格式:方括号内的数字引用,生物医学领域标准格式
  • APA(美国心理协会格式):文内作者-年份引用,常见于社会科学领域
  • Chicago格式:注释-参考文献或作者-年份格式,适用于人文与科学领域
  • IEEE格式:方括号内的数字引用,工程与计算机科学领域常用
最佳实践:
  • 尽可能引用原始文献
  • 纳入近期文献(活跃领域引用过去5-10年的文献)
  • 在引言与讨论部分均衡分布引用
  • 验证所有引用与原始文献一致
  • 使用参考文献管理软件(Zotero、Mendeley、EndNote)

4. Figures and Tables

4. 图表制作

Create effective data visualizations that enhance comprehension. For detailed best practices, refer to
references/figures_tables.md
.
When to Use Tables vs. Figures:
  • Tables: Precise numerical data, complex datasets, multiple variables requiring exact values
  • Figures: Trends, patterns, relationships, comparisons best understood visually
Design Principles:
  • Make each table/figure self-explanatory with complete captions
  • Use consistent formatting and terminology across all display items
  • Label all axes, columns, and rows with units
  • Include sample sizes (n) and statistical annotations
  • Follow the "one table/figure per 1000 words" guideline
  • Avoid duplicating information between text, tables, and figures
Common Figure Types:
  • Bar graphs: Comparing discrete categories
  • Line graphs: Showing trends over time
  • Scatterplots: Displaying correlations
  • Box plots: Showing distributions and outliers
  • Heatmaps: Visualizing matrices and patterns
创建可提升理解度的有效数据可视化内容。如需详细的最佳实践指南,请参考
references/figures_tables.md
表格与图形的适用场景:
  • 表格:用于呈现精确的数值数据、复杂数据集、需要准确数值的多变量内容
  • 图形:用于展示趋势、模式、关系、对比等更适合视觉理解的内容
设计原则:
  • 确保每个表格/图形配有完整说明,可独立理解
  • 所有展示元素使用一致的格式与术语
  • 为所有坐标轴、列与行标注单位
  • 包含样本量(n)与统计注释
  • 遵循“每1000词配1个表格/图形”的准则
  • 避免在文本、表格与图形之间重复信息
常见图形类型:
  • 柱状图:比较离散类别
  • 折线图:展示随时间变化的趋势
  • 散点图:呈现相关性
  • 箱线图:展示分布与异常值
  • 热力图:可视化矩阵与模式

5. Reporting Guidelines by Study Type

5. 按研究类型分类的报告指南

Ensure completeness and transparency by following established reporting standards. For comprehensive guideline details, refer to
references/reporting_guidelines.md
.
Key Guidelines:
  • CONSORT: Randomized controlled trials
  • STROBE: Observational studies (cohort, case-control, cross-sectional)
  • PRISMA: Systematic reviews and meta-analyses
  • STARD: Diagnostic accuracy studies
  • TRIPOD: Prediction model studies
  • ARRIVE: Animal research
  • CARE: Case reports
  • SQUIRE: Quality improvement studies
  • SPIRIT: Study protocols for clinical trials
  • CHEERS: Economic evaluations
Each guideline provides checklists ensuring all critical methodological elements are reported.
遵循既定的报告标准,确保内容完整与透明。如需详细的指南说明,请参考
references/reporting_guidelines.md
核心指南:
  • CONSORT:随机对照试验
  • STROBE:观察性研究(队列研究、病例对照研究、横断面研究)
  • PRISMA:系统综述与荟萃分析
  • STARD:诊断准确性研究
  • TRIPOD:预测模型研究
  • ARRIVE:动物研究
  • CARE:病例报告
  • SQUIRE:质量改进研究
  • SPIRIT:临床试验研究方案
  • CHEERS:经济评价研究
每个指南都提供核对清单,确保所有关键方法学要素均已报告。

6. Writing Principles and Style

6. 写作原则与风格

Apply fundamental scientific writing principles. For detailed guidance, refer to
references/writing_principles.md
.
Clarity:
  • Use precise, unambiguous language
  • Define technical terms and abbreviations at first use
  • Maintain logical flow within and between paragraphs
  • Use active voice when appropriate for clarity
Conciseness:
  • Eliminate redundant words and phrases
  • Favor shorter sentences (15-20 words average)
  • Remove unnecessary qualifiers
  • Respect word limits strictly
Accuracy:
  • Report exact values with appropriate precision
  • Use consistent terminology throughout
  • Distinguish between observations and interpretations
  • Acknowledge uncertainty appropriately
Objectivity:
  • Present results without bias
  • Avoid overstating findings or implications
  • Acknowledge conflicting evidence
  • Maintain professional, neutral tone
应用基础的科学写作原则。如需详细指导,请参考
references/writing_principles.md
清晰性
  • 使用精准、无歧义的语言
  • 在首次使用时定义专业术语与缩写
  • 保持段落内部与段落间的逻辑连贯
  • 适当使用主动语态以提升清晰度
简洁性
  • 删除冗余的词汇与短语
  • 偏好短句(平均15-20词)
  • 移除不必要的限定词
  • 严格遵守字数限制
准确性
  • 报告精确数值,并采用合适的精度
  • 全文使用一致的术语
  • 区分观察结果与主观解读
  • 适当承认不确定性
客观性
  • 无偏见地呈现结果
  • 避免夸大研究发现或意义
  • 承认相互矛盾的证据
  • 保持专业、中立的语气

7. Writing Process: From Outline to Full Paragraphs

7. 写作流程:从大纲到完整段落

CRITICAL: Always write in full paragraphs, never submit bullet points in scientific papers.
Scientific papers must be written in complete, flowing prose. Use this two-stage approach for effective writing:
Stage 1: Create Section Outlines with Key Points
When starting a new section:
  1. Use the research-lookup skill to gather relevant literature and data
  2. Create a structured outline with bullet points marking:
    • Main arguments or findings to present
    • Key studies to cite
    • Data points and statistics to include
    • Logical flow and organization
  3. These bullet points serve as scaffolding—they are NOT the final manuscript
Example outline (Introduction section):
- Background: AI in drug discovery gaining traction
  * Cite recent reviews (Smith 2023, Jones 2024)
  * Traditional methods are slow and expensive
- Gap: Limited application to rare diseases
  * Only 2 prior studies (Lee 2022, Chen 2023)
  * Small datasets remain a challenge
- Our approach: Transfer learning from common diseases
  * Novel architecture combining X and Y
- Study objectives: Validate on 3 rare disease datasets
Stage 2: Convert Key Points to Full Paragraphs
Once the outline is complete, expand each bullet point into proper prose:
  1. Transform bullet points into complete sentences with subjects, verbs, and objects
  2. Add transitions between sentences and ideas (however, moreover, in contrast, subsequently)
  3. Integrate citations naturally within sentences, not as lists
  4. Expand with context and explanation that bullet points omit
  5. Ensure logical flow from one sentence to the next within each paragraph
  6. Vary sentence structure to maintain reader engagement
Example conversion to prose:
Artificial intelligence approaches have gained significant traction in drug discovery 
pipelines over the past decade (Smith, 2023; Jones, 2024). While these computational 
methods show promise for accelerating the identification of therapeutic candidates, 
traditional experimental approaches remain slow and resource-intensive, often requiring 
years of laboratory work and substantial financial investment. However, the application 
of AI to rare diseases has been limited, with only two prior studies demonstrating 
proof-of-concept results (Lee, 2022; Chen, 2023). The primary obstacle has been the 
scarcity of training data for conditions affecting small patient populations. 

To address this challenge, we developed a transfer learning approach that leverages 
knowledge from well-characterized common diseases to predict therapeutic targets for 
rare conditions. Our novel neural architecture combines convolutional layers for 
molecular feature extraction with attention mechanisms for protein-ligand interaction 
modeling. The objective of this study was to validate our approach across three 
independent rare disease datasets, assessing both predictive accuracy and biological 
interpretability of the results.
Key Differences Between Outlines and Final Text:
Outline (Planning Stage)Final Manuscript
Bullet points and fragmentsComplete sentences and paragraphs
Telegraphic notesFull explanations with context
List of citationsCitations integrated into prose
Abbreviated ideasDeveloped arguments with transitions
For your eyes onlyFor publication and peer review
Common Mistakes to Avoid:
  • Never leave bullet points in the final manuscript
  • Never submit lists where paragraphs should be
  • Don't use numbered or bulleted lists in Results or Discussion sections (except for specific cases like study hypotheses or inclusion criteria)
  • Don't write sentence fragments or incomplete thoughts
  • Do use occasional lists only in Methods (e.g., inclusion/exclusion criteria, materials lists)
  • Do ensure every section flows as connected prose
  • Do read paragraphs aloud to check for natural flow
When Lists ARE Acceptable (Limited Cases):
Lists may appear in scientific papers only in specific contexts:
  • Methods: Inclusion/exclusion criteria, materials and reagents, participant characteristics
  • Supplementary Materials: Extended protocols, equipment lists, detailed parameters
  • Never in: Abstract, Introduction, Results, Discussion, Conclusions
Abstract Format Rule:
  • NEVER use labeled sections (Background:, Methods:, Results:, Conclusions:)
  • ALWAYS write as flowing paragraph(s) with natural transitions
  • Exception: Only use structured format if journal explicitly requires it in author guidelines
Integration with Research Lookup:
The research-lookup skill is essential for Stage 1 (creating outlines):
  1. Search for relevant papers using research-lookup
  2. Extract key findings, methods, and data
  3. Organize findings as bullet points in your outline
  4. Then convert the outline to full paragraphs in Stage 2
This two-stage process ensures you:
  • Gather and organize information systematically
  • Create logical structure before writing
  • Produce polished, publication-ready prose
  • Maintain focus on the narrative flow
核心要求:始终以完整段落撰写内容,科学论文中严禁提交项目符号。
科学论文必须以完整、流畅的正式文稿撰写。采用以下两阶段方法实现高效写作:
阶段1:创建带有关键要点的章节大纲
开始撰写新章节时:
  1. 使用research-lookup技能收集相关文献与数据
  2. 创建结构化大纲,用项目符号标记:
    • 要呈现的主要论点或发现
    • 要引用的关键研究
    • 要包含的数据点与统计信息
    • 逻辑流程与组织结构
  3. 这些项目符号仅作为写作框架——并非最终手稿内容
示例大纲(引言章节):
- 背景:AI在药物研发领域的应用日益广泛
  * 引用近期综述(Smith 2023, Jones 2024)
  * 传统方法耗时且成本高昂
- 研究缺口:AI在罕见病领域的应用有限
  * 仅2项前期研究(Lee 2022, Chen 2023)
  * 小数据集仍是主要挑战
- 我们的方法:从常见疾病迁移学习
  * 结合X与Y的新型架构
- 研究目标:在3个罕见病数据集上验证方法
阶段2:将关键要点转化为完整段落
大纲完成后,将每个项目符号扩展为正式文稿:
  1. 将项目符号转化为完整句子,包含主语、谓语与宾语
  2. 添加过渡词,连接句子与观点(如however、moreover、in contrast、subsequently)
  3. 自然整合引用到句子中,而非以列表形式呈现
  4. 补充上下文与解释,填补项目符号省略的内容
  5. 确保逻辑连贯,使段落内句子间自然衔接
  6. 变换句子结构,保持读者的阅读兴趣
示例转化为正式文稿:
过去十年,人工智能方法在药物研发管线中的应用日益广泛(Smith, 2023; Jones, 2024)。尽管这些计算方法在加速治疗候选物识别方面展现出潜力,但传统实验方法仍耗时且资源密集,通常需要数年的实验室工作与大量资金投入。然而,AI在罕见病领域的应用十分有限,仅有两项前期研究展示了概念验证结果(Lee, 2022; Chen, 2023)。主要障碍在于影响小患者群体的疾病缺乏训练数据。

为应对这一挑战,我们开发了一种迁移学习方法,利用已充分研究的常见疾病知识来预测罕见病的治疗靶点。我们的新型神经架构结合了用于分子特征提取的卷积层与用于蛋白-配体相互作用建模的注意力机制。本研究的目标是在三个独立的罕见病数据集上验证我们的方法,评估结果的预测准确性与生物学可解释性。
大纲与最终文稿的核心差异:
大纲(规划阶段)最终手稿
项目符号与片段内容完整句子与段落
简洁笔记带上下文的完整解释
引用列表引用自然整合到文稿中
简化观点带过渡词的完整论点
仅供个人使用用于出版与同行评审
需避免的常见错误:
  • 严禁在最终手稿中保留项目符号
  • 严禁在应使用段落的位置提交列表内容
  • 不要在结果或讨论部分使用编号或项目符号列表(研究假设或纳入标准等特定情况除外)
  • 不要撰写句子片段或不完整的想法
  • 可以在方法部分偶尔使用列表(如纳入/排除标准、材料列表)
  • 务必确保每个章节以连贯的文稿呈现
  • 务必大声朗读段落,检查自然流畅度
可使用列表的场景(有限情况):
科学论文中仅在特定场景下可使用列表:
  • 方法部分:纳入/排除标准、材料与试剂、研究对象特征
  • 补充材料:扩展方案、设备列表、详细参数
  • 严禁在以下部分使用:摘要、引言、结果、讨论、结论
摘要格式规则:
  • 严禁使用带标签的章节(如Background:、Methods:、Results:、Conclusions:)
  • 务必以流畅的段落形式撰写,使用自然过渡
  • 例外情况:仅当期刊在作者指南中明确要求时,才可使用结构化格式
与Research Lookup技能的整合:
Research-lookup技能对阶段1(创建大纲)至关重要:
  1. 使用research-lookup技能搜索相关论文
  2. 提取关键发现、方法与数据
  3. 将发现整理为大纲中的项目符号
  4. 随后在阶段2中将大纲转化为完整段落
这种两阶段流程可确保:
  • 系统地收集与组织信息
  • 在撰写前创建逻辑结构
  • 生成经过打磨、符合出版标准的文稿
  • 始终聚焦叙事连贯性

8. Professional Report Formatting (Non-Journal Documents)

8. 专业报告格式(非期刊文档)

For research reports, technical reports, white papers, and other professional documents that are NOT journal manuscripts, use the
scientific_report.sty
LaTeX style package for a polished, professional appearance.
When to Use Professional Report Formatting:
  • Research reports and technical reports
  • White papers and policy briefs
  • Grant reports and progress reports
  • Industry reports and technical documentation
  • Internal research summaries
  • Feasibility studies and project deliverables
When NOT to Use (Use Venue-Specific Formatting Instead):
  • Journal manuscripts → Use
    venue-templates
    skill
  • Conference papers → Use
    venue-templates
    skill
  • Academic theses → Use institutional templates
The
scientific_report.sty
Style Package Provides:
FeatureDescription
TypographyHelvetica font family for modern, professional appearance
Color SchemeProfessional blues, greens, and accent colors
Box EnvironmentsColored boxes for key findings, methods, recommendations, limitations
TablesAlternating row colors, professional headers
FiguresConsistent caption formatting
Scientific CommandsShortcuts for p-values, effect sizes, confidence intervals
Box Environments for Content Organization:
latex
% Key findings (blue) - for major discoveries
\begin{keyfindings}[Title]
Content with key findings and statistics.
\end{keyfindings}

% Methodology (green) - for methods highlights
\begin{methodology}[Study Design]
Description of methods and procedures.
\end{methodology}

% Recommendations (purple) - for action items
\begin{recommendations}[Clinical Implications]
\begin{enumerate}
    \item Specific recommendation 1
    \item Specific recommendation 2
\end{enumerate}
\end{recommendations}

% Limitations (orange) - for caveats and cautions
\begin{limitations}[Study Limitations]
Description of limitations and their implications.
\end{limitations}
Professional Table Formatting:
latex
\begin{table}[htbp]
\centering
\caption{Results Summary}
\begin{tabular}{@{}lccc@{}}
\toprule
\textbf{Variable} & \textbf{Treatment} & \textbf{Control} & \textbf{p} \\
\midrule
Outcome 1 & \meansd{42.5}{8.3} & \meansd{35.2}{7.9} & <.001\sigthree \\
\rowcolor{tablealt} Outcome 2 & \meansd{3.8}{1.2} & \meansd{3.1}{1.1} & .012\sigone \\
Outcome 3 & \meansd{18.2}{4.5} & \meansd{17.8}{4.2} & .58\signs \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}

{\small \siglegend}
\end{table}
Scientific Notation Commands:
CommandOutputPurpose
\pvalue{0.023}
p = 0.023P-values
\psig{< 0.001}
p = < 0.001Significant p-values (bold)
\CI{0.45}{0.72}
95% CI [0.45, 0.72]Confidence intervals
\effectsize{d}{0.75}
d = 0.75Effect sizes
\samplesize{250}
n = 250Sample sizes
\meansd{42.5}{8.3}
42.5 ± 8.3Mean with SD
\sigone
,
\sigtwo
,
\sigthree
*, **, ***Significance stars
Getting Started:
latex
\documentclass[11pt,letterpaper]{report}
\usepackage{scientific_report}

\begin{document}
\makereporttitle
    {Report Title}
    {Subtitle}
    {Author Name}
    {Institution}
    {Date}

% Your content with professional formatting
\end{document}
Compilation: Use XeLaTeX or LuaLaTeX for proper Helvetica font rendering:
bash
xelatex report.tex
For complete documentation, refer to:
  • assets/scientific_report.sty
    : The style package
  • assets/scientific_report_template.tex
    : Complete template example
  • assets/REPORT_FORMATTING_GUIDE.md
    : Quick reference guide
  • references/professional_report_formatting.md
    : Comprehensive formatting guide
对于研究报告、技术报告、白皮书等非期刊类专业文档,使用
scientific_report.sty
LaTeX样式包,以呈现专业、精美的格式。
何时使用专业报告格式:
  • 研究报告与技术报告
  • 白皮书与政策简报
  • 基金报告与进展报告
  • 行业报告与技术文档
  • 内部研究摘要
  • 可行性研究与项目交付物
何时不使用(改用特定场景格式):
  • 期刊手稿 → 使用
    venue-templates
    技能
  • 会议论文 → 使用
    venue-templates
    技能
  • 学术论文 → 使用机构模板
scientific_report.sty
样式包提供以下功能:
功能描述
排版使用Helvetica字体族,呈现现代、专业的外观
配色方案专业的蓝色、绿色与强调色
框环境用于关键发现、方法、建议、局限性的彩色框
表格交替行颜色、专业表头
科学命令p值、效应量、置信区间的快捷命令
用于内容组织的框环境:
latex
% 关键发现(蓝色)——用于主要研究发现
\begin{keyfindings}[Title]
包含关键发现与统计数据的内容。
\end{keyfindings}

% 方法(绿色)——用于方法亮点
\begin{methodology}[Study Design]
方法与流程描述。
\end{methodology}

% 建议(紫色)——用于行动项
\begin{recommendations}[Clinical Implications]
\begin{enumerate}
    \item 具体建议1
    \item 具体建议2
\end{enumerate}
\end{recommendations}

% 局限性(橙色)——用于注意事项与警告
\begin{limitations}[Study Limitations]
局限性及其影响的描述。
\end{limitations}
专业表格格式:
latex
\begin{table}[htbp]
\centering
\caption{Results Summary}
\begin{tabular}{@{}lccc@{}}
\toprule
\textbf{Variable} & \textbf{Treatment} & \textbf{Control} & \textbf{p} \\
\midrule
Outcome 1 & \meansd{42.5}{8.3} & \meansd{35.2}{7.9} & <.001\sigthree \\
\rowcolor{tablealt} Outcome 2 & \meansd{3.8}{1.2} & \meansd{3.1}{1.1} & .012\sigone \\
Outcome 3 & \meansd{18.2}{4.5} & \meansd{17.8}{4.2} & .58\signs \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}

{\small \siglegend}
\end{table}
科学符号命令:
命令输出用途
\pvalue{0.023}
p = 0.023P值
\psig{< 0.001}
p = < 0.001显著P值(加粗)
\CI{0.45}{0.72}
95% CI [0.45, 0.72]置信区间
\effectsize{d}{0.75}
d = 0.75效应量
\samplesize{250}
n = 250样本量
\meansd{42.5}{8.3}
42.5 ± 8.3均值±标准差
\sigone
,
\sigtwo
,
\sigthree
*, **, ***显著性标记
快速入门:
latex
\documentclass[11pt,letterpaper]{report}
\usepackage{scientific_report}

\begin{document}
\makereporttitle
    {Report Title}
    {Subtitle}
    {Author Name}
    {Institution}
    {Date}

% 带专业格式的内容
\end{document}
编译:使用XeLaTeX或LuaLaTeX确保Helvetica字体正确渲染:
bash
xelatex report.tex
如需完整文档,请参考:
  • assets/scientific_report.sty
    :样式包
  • assets/scientific_report_template.tex
    :完整模板示例
  • assets/REPORT_FORMATTING_GUIDE.md
    :快速参考指南
  • references/professional_report_formatting.md
    :完整格式指南

9. Journal-Specific Formatting

9. 期刊特定格式

Adapt manuscripts to journal requirements:
  • Follow author guidelines for structure, length, and format
  • Apply journal-specific citation styles
  • Meet figure/table specifications (resolution, file formats, dimensions)
  • Include required statements (funding, conflicts of interest, data availability, ethical approval)
  • Adhere to word limits for each section
  • Format according to template requirements when provided
根据期刊要求调整手稿:
  • 遵循作者指南中的结构、篇幅与格式要求
  • 应用期刊特定的引用格式
  • 满足图表规格要求(分辨率、文件格式、尺寸)
  • 包含所需声明(资助、利益冲突、数据可用性、伦理审批)
  • 遵守各章节的字数限制
  • 提供模板时,按照模板要求格式化

10. Field-Specific Language and Terminology

10. 特定领域语言与术语

Adapt language, terminology, and conventions to match the specific scientific discipline. Each field has established vocabulary, preferred phrasings, and domain-specific conventions that signal expertise and ensure clarity for the target audience.
Identify Field-Specific Linguistic Conventions:
  • Review terminology used in recent high-impact papers in the target journal
  • Note field-specific abbreviations, units, and notation systems
  • Identify preferred terms (e.g., "participants" vs. "subjects," "compound" vs. "drug," "specimens" vs. "samples")
  • Observe how methods, organisms, or techniques are typically described
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences:
  • Use precise anatomical and clinical terminology (e.g., "myocardial infarction" not "heart attack" in formal writing)
  • Follow standardized disease nomenclature (ICD, DSM, SNOMED-CT)
  • Specify drug names using generic names first, brand names in parentheses if needed
  • Use "patients" for clinical studies, "participants" for community-based research
  • Follow Human Genome Variation Society (HGVS) nomenclature for genetic variants
  • Report lab values with standard units (SI units in most international journals)
Molecular Biology and Genetics:
  • Use italics for gene symbols (e.g., TP53), regular font for proteins (e.g., p53)
  • Follow species-specific gene nomenclature (uppercase for human: BRCA1; sentence case for mouse: Brca1)
  • Specify organism names in full at first mention, then use accepted abbreviations (e.g., Escherichia coli, then E. coli)
  • Use standard genetic notation (e.g., +/+, +/-, -/- for genotypes)
  • Employ established terminology for molecular techniques (e.g., "quantitative PCR" or "qPCR," not "real-time PCR")
Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences:
  • Follow IUPAC nomenclature for chemical compounds
  • Use systematic names for novel compounds, common names for well-known substances
  • Specify chemical structures using standard notation (e.g., SMILES, InChI for databases)
  • Report concentrations with appropriate units (mM, μM, nM, or % w/v, v/v)
  • Describe synthesis routes using accepted reaction nomenclature
  • Use terms like "bioavailability," "pharmacokinetics," "IC50" consistently with field definitions
Ecology and Environmental Sciences:
  • Use binomial nomenclature for species (italicized: Homo sapiens)
  • Specify taxonomic authorities at first species mention when relevant
  • Employ standardized habitat and ecosystem classifications
  • Use consistent terminology for ecological metrics (e.g., "species richness," "Shannon diversity index")
  • Describe sampling methods with field-standard terms (e.g., "transect," "quadrat," "mark-recapture")
Physics and Engineering:
  • Follow SI units consistently unless field conventions dictate otherwise
  • Use standard notation for physical quantities (scalars vs. vectors, tensors)
  • Employ established terminology for phenomena (e.g., "quantum entanglement," "laminar flow")
  • Specify equipment with model numbers and manufacturers when relevant
  • Use mathematical notation consistent with field standards (e.g., ℏ for reduced Planck constant)
Neuroscience:
  • Use standardized brain region nomenclature (e.g., refer to atlases like Allen Brain Atlas)
  • Specify coordinates for brain regions using established stereotaxic systems
  • Follow conventions for neural terminology (e.g., "action potential" not "spike" in formal writing)
  • Use "neural activity," "neuronal firing," "brain activation" appropriately based on measurement method
  • Describe recording techniques with proper specificity (e.g., "whole-cell patch clamp," "extracellular recording")
Social and Behavioral Sciences:
  • Use person-first language when appropriate (e.g., "people with schizophrenia" not "schizophrenics")
  • Employ standardized psychological constructs and validated assessment names
  • Follow APA guidelines for reducing bias in language
  • Specify theoretical frameworks using established terminology
  • Use "participants" rather than "subjects" for human research
General Principles:
Match Audience Expertise:
  • For specialized journals: Use field-specific terminology freely, define only highly specialized or novel terms
  • For broad-impact journals (e.g., Nature, Science): Define more technical terms, provide context for specialized concepts
  • For interdisciplinary audiences: Balance precision with accessibility, define terms at first use
Define Technical Terms Strategically:
  • Define abbreviations at first use: "messenger RNA (mRNA)"
  • Provide brief explanations for specialized techniques when writing for broader audiences
  • Avoid over-defining terms well-known to the target audience (signals unfamiliarity with field)
  • Create a glossary if numerous specialized terms are unavoidable
Maintain Consistency:
  • Use the same term for the same concept throughout (don't alternate between "medication," "drug," and "pharmaceutical")
  • Follow a consistent system for abbreviations (decide on "PCR" or "polymerase chain reaction" after first definition)
  • Apply the same nomenclature system throughout (especially for genes, species, chemicals)
Avoid Field Mixing Errors:
  • Don't use clinical terminology for basic science (e.g., don't call mice "patients")
  • Avoid colloquialisms or overly general terms in place of precise field terminology
  • Don't import terminology from adjacent fields without ensuring proper usage
Verify Terminology Usage:
  • Consult field-specific style guides and nomenclature resources
  • Check how terms are used in recent papers from the target journal
  • Use domain-specific databases and ontologies (e.g., Gene Ontology, MeSH terms)
  • When uncertain, cite a key reference that establishes terminology
调整语言、术语与规范,以匹配特定科学领域。每个领域都有既定的词汇、偏好表述与特定领域规范,可体现专业性并确保目标受众理解清晰。
识别特定领域的语言规范:
  • 回顾目标期刊近期高影响力论文中使用的术语
  • 记录特定领域的缩写、单位与符号系统
  • 确定偏好术语(如“participants” vs “subjects”、“compound” vs “drug”、“specimens” vs “samples”)
  • 观察方法、生物体或技术的典型描述方式
生物医学与临床医学:
  • 使用精准的解剖学与临床术语(如正式写作中使用“myocardial infarction”而非“heart attack”)
  • 遵循标准化疾病命名法(ICD、DSM、SNOMED-CT)
  • 首次提及药物时使用通用名,必要时在括号中加入品牌名
  • 临床研究中使用“patients”,社区研究中使用“participants”
  • 遵循人类基因组变异协会(HGVS)的基因变异命名法
  • 使用标准单位报告实验室数值(大多数国际期刊使用SI单位)
分子生物学与遗传学:
  • 基因符号使用斜体(如TP53),蛋白质使用正体(如p53)
  • 遵循物种特定的基因命名法(人类基因使用大写:BRCA1;小鼠基因使用句首大写:Brca1
  • 首次提及生物体时使用全名,随后使用公认缩写(如Escherichia coli,随后使用E. coli
  • 使用标准基因符号(如+/+、+/-、-/-表示基因型)
  • 采用分子技术的既定术语(如使用“quantitative PCR”或“qPCR”,而非“real-time PCR”)
化学与制药科学:
  • 遵循IUPAC化合物命名法
  • 新型化合物使用系统名,知名物质使用通用名
  • 使用标准符号指定化学结构(如SMILES、InChI用于数据库)
  • 使用适当单位报告浓度(mM、μM、nM或% w/v、v/v)
  • 使用公认的反应命名法描述合成路线
  • 始终如一地使用符合领域定义的术语(如“bioavailability”、“pharmacokinetics”、“IC50”)
生态学与环境科学:
  • 物种使用双名法(斜体:Homo sapiens
  • 首次提及物种时,必要时注明分类学权威
  • 采用标准化的栖息地与生态系统分类
  • 始终如一地使用生态学指标术语(如“species richness”、“Shannon diversity index”)
  • 使用领域标准术语描述采样方法(如“transect”、“quadrat”、“mark-recapture”)
物理学与工程学:
  • 始终如一地使用SI单位,除非领域规范另有要求
  • 物理量使用标准符号(标量 vs 矢量、张量)
  • 采用现象的既定术语(如“quantum entanglement”、“laminar flow”)
  • 必要时注明设备型号与制造商
  • 使用符合领域标准的数学符号(如ℏ表示约化普朗克常数)
神经科学:
  • 使用标准化脑区命名法(如参考Allen Brain Atlas等图谱)
  • 使用既定的立体定位系统指定脑区坐标
  • 遵循神经术语的规范(如正式写作中使用“action potential”而非“spike”)
  • 根据测量方法适当使用“neural activity”、“neuronal firing”、“brain activation”
  • 详细描述记录技术(如“whole-cell patch clamp”、“extracellular recording”)
社会与行为科学:
  • 适当使用以人为本的语言(如“people with schizophrenia”而非“schizophrenics”)
  • 采用标准化的心理结构与经过验证的评估工具名称
  • 遵循APA指南,减少语言偏见
  • 使用既定术语指定理论框架
  • 人类研究中使用“participants”而非“subjects”
通用原则:
匹配受众专业水平:
  • 专业期刊:可自由使用特定领域术语,仅定义高度专业或新颖的术语
  • 高影响力综合期刊(如NatureScience):定义更多技术术语,为专业概念提供上下文
  • 跨学科受众:平衡精准性与可访问性,首次使用时定义术语
战略性定义专业术语:
  • 首次使用时定义缩写:“messenger RNA (mRNA)”
  • 为更广泛受众写作时,对专业技术提供简要解释
  • 避免过度定义目标受众熟知的术语(会显示对领域不熟悉)
  • 若存在大量专业术语,创建术语表
保持一致性:
  • 同一概念始终使用同一术语(不要在“medication”、“drug”与“pharmaceutical”之间切换)
  • 遵循一致的缩写系统(首次定义后,决定使用“PCR”还是“polymerase chain reaction”)
  • 始终如一地使用同一命名系统(尤其是基因、物种、化学品)
避免跨领域混用错误:
  • 不要将临床术语用于基础科学(如不要将小鼠称为“patients”)
  • 避免使用口语化或过于笼统的术语替代精准的领域术语
  • 不要未经确认正确用法就引入相邻领域的术语
验证术语使用:
  • 参考特定领域的风格指南与命名资源
  • 查看目标期刊近期论文中术语的使用方式
  • 使用特定领域的数据库与本体(如Gene Ontology、MeSH术语)
  • 不确定时,引用确立该术语的关键参考文献

11. Common Pitfalls to Avoid

11. 需避免的常见陷阱

Top Rejection Reasons:
  1. Inappropriate, incomplete, or insufficiently described statistics
  2. Over-interpretation of results or unsupported conclusions
  3. Poorly described methods affecting reproducibility
  4. Small, biased, or inappropriate samples
  5. Poor writing quality or difficult-to-follow text
  6. Inadequate literature review or context
  7. Figures and tables that are unclear or poorly designed
  8. Failure to follow reporting guidelines
Writing Quality Issues:
  • Mixing tenses inappropriately (use past tense for methods/results, present for established facts)
  • Excessive jargon or undefined acronyms
  • Paragraph breaks that disrupt logical flow
  • Missing transitions between sections
  • Inconsistent notation or terminology
主要拒稿原因:
  1. 统计方法不当、不完整或描述不足
  2. 过度解读结果或结论缺乏依据
  3. 方法描述不佳,影响可重复性
  4. 样本量小、存在偏见或样本不恰当
  5. 写作质量差或文本难以理解
  6. 文献综述或研究背景不充分
  7. 图表不清晰或设计不佳
  8. 未遵循报告指南
写作质量问题:
  • 时态使用不当(方法/结果使用过去时,既定事实使用现在时)
  • 过度使用行话或未定义的缩写
  • 段落划分破坏逻辑连贯
  • 章节间缺乏过渡
  • 符号或术语不一致

Workflow for Manuscript Development

手稿开发工作流程

Stage 1: Planning
  1. Identify target journal and review author guidelines
  2. Determine applicable reporting guideline (CONSORT, STROBE, etc.)
  3. Outline manuscript structure (usually IMRAD)
  4. Plan figures and tables as the backbone of the paper
Stage 2: Drafting (Use two-stage writing process for each section)
  1. Start with figures and tables (the core data story)
  2. For each section below, follow the two-stage process:
    • First: Create outline with bullet points using research-lookup
    • Second: Convert bullet points to full paragraphs with flowing prose
  3. Write Methods (often easiest to draft first)
  4. Draft Results (describing figures/tables objectively)
  5. Compose Discussion (interpreting findings)
  6. Write Introduction (setting up the research question)
  7. Craft Abstract (synthesizing the complete story)
  8. Create Title (concise and descriptive)
Remember: Bullet points are for planning only—the final manuscript must be in complete paragraphs.
Stage 3: Revision
  1. Check logical flow and "red thread" throughout
  2. Verify consistency in terminology and notation
  3. Ensure figures/tables are self-explanatory
  4. Confirm adherence to reporting guidelines
  5. Verify all citations are accurate and properly formatted
  6. Check word counts for each section
  7. Proofread for grammar, spelling, and clarity
Stage 4: Final Preparation
  1. Format according to journal requirements
  2. Prepare supplementary materials
  3. Write cover letter highlighting significance
  4. Complete submission checklists
  5. Gather all required statements and forms
阶段1:规划
  1. 确定目标期刊并回顾作者指南
  2. 确定适用的报告指南(CONSORT、STROBE等)
  3. 勾勒手稿结构(通常为IMRAD)
  4. 将图表规划为论文的核心内容框架
阶段2:撰写(每个章节采用两阶段写作流程)
  1. 从图表开始(核心数据叙事)
  2. 对以下每个章节,遵循两阶段流程:
    • 第一步:使用research-lookup技能生成带有关键要点的项目符号大纲
    • 第二步:将项目符号转化为完整段落与流畅文稿
  3. 撰写方法部分(通常最容易先完成)
  4. 撰写结果部分(客观描述图表内容)
  5. 撰写讨论部分(解读研究发现)
  6. 撰写引言部分(提出研究问题)
  7. 撰写摘要部分(整合完整叙事)
  8. 拟定标题(简洁且具描述性)
注意:项目符号仅用于规划——最终手稿必须为完整段落。
阶段3:修订
  1. 检查全文逻辑连贯与核心叙事线
  2. 验证术语与符号的一致性
  3. 确保图表可独立理解
  4. 确认符合报告指南要求
  5. 验证所有引用准确且格式正确
  6. 检查各章节字数
  7. 校对语法、拼写与清晰度
阶段4:最终准备
  1. 根据期刊要求格式化
  2. 准备补充材料
  3. 撰写突出研究意义的投稿信
  4. 完成投稿核对清单
  5. 收集所有所需声明与表格

Integration with Other Scientific Skills

与其他科学技能的整合

This skill works effectively with:
  • Data analysis skills: For generating results to report
  • Statistical analysis: For determining appropriate statistical presentations
  • Literature review skills: For contextualizing research
  • Figure creation tools: For developing publication-quality visualizations
  • Venue-templates skill: For venue-specific writing styles and formatting (journal manuscripts)
  • scientific_report.sty: For professional reports, white papers, and technical documents
本技能可与以下技能有效配合使用:
  • 数据分析技能:用于生成要报告的结果
  • 统计分析技能:用于确定适当的统计呈现方式
  • 文献综述技能:用于为研究提供背景
  • 图形创建工具:用于开发符合出版标准的可视化内容
  • Venue-templates技能:用于特定场景的写作风格与格式(期刊手稿)
  • scientific_report.sty:用于专业报告、白皮书与技术文档

Professional Reports vs. Journal Manuscripts

专业报告与期刊手稿的对比

Choose the right formatting approach:
Document TypeFormatting Approach
Journal manuscriptsUse
venue-templates
skill
Conference papersUse
venue-templates
skill
Research reportsUse
scientific_report.sty
(this skill)
White papersUse
scientific_report.sty
(this skill)
Technical reportsUse
scientific_report.sty
(this skill)
Grant reportsUse
scientific_report.sty
(this skill)
选择合适的格式方法:
文档类型格式方法
期刊手稿使用
venue-templates
技能
会议论文使用
venue-templates
技能
研究报告使用
scientific_report.sty
(本技能)
白皮书使用
scientific_report.sty
(本技能)
技术报告使用
scientific_report.sty
(本技能)
基金报告使用
scientific_report.sty
(本技能)

Venue-Specific Writing Styles

特定场景写作风格

Before writing for a specific venue, consult the venue-templates skill for writing style guides:
Different venues have dramatically different writing expectations:
  • Nature/Science: Accessible, story-driven, broad significance
  • Cell Press: Mechanistic depth, graphical abstracts, Highlights
  • Medical journals (NEJM, Lancet): Structured abstracts, evidence language
  • ML conferences (NeurIPS, ICML): Contribution bullets, ablation studies
  • CS conferences (CHI, ACL): Field-specific conventions
The venue-templates skill provides:
  • venue_writing_styles.md
    : Master style comparison
  • Venue-specific guides:
    nature_science_style.md
    ,
    cell_press_style.md
    ,
    medical_journal_styles.md
    ,
    ml_conference_style.md
    ,
    cs_conference_style.md
  • reviewer_expectations.md
    : What reviewers look for at each venue
  • Writing examples in
    assets/examples/
Workflow: First use this skill for general scientific writing principles (IMRAD, clarity, citations), then consult venue-templates for venue-specific style adaptation.
为特定场景写作前,请参考venue-templates技能的写作风格指南:
不同场景的写作期望差异显著:
  • Nature/Science:易于理解、叙事驱动、注重广泛意义
  • Cell Press:机制深度、图形摘要、亮点
  • 医学期刊(NEJM、Lancet):结构化摘要、循证语言
  • 机器学习会议(NeurIPS、ICML):贡献要点、消融研究
  • 计算机科学会议(CHI、ACL):特定领域规范
Venue-templates技能提供以下内容:
  • venue_writing_styles.md
    :主要风格对比
  • 特定场景指南:
    nature_science_style.md
    cell_press_style.md
    medical_journal_styles.md
    ml_conference_style.md
    cs_conference_style.md
  • reviewer_expectations.md
    :各场景审稿人的关注点
  • assets/examples/
    中的写作示例
工作流程:首先使用本技能掌握通用科学写作原则(IMRAD、清晰度、引用),然后参考venue-templates技能调整为特定场景的写作风格。

References

参考文献

This skill includes comprehensive reference files covering specific aspects of scientific writing:
  • references/imrad_structure.md
    : Detailed guide to IMRAD format and section-specific content
  • references/citation_styles.md
    : Complete citation style guides (APA, AMA, Vancouver, Chicago, IEEE)
  • references/figures_tables.md
    : Best practices for creating effective data visualizations
  • references/reporting_guidelines.md
    : Study-specific reporting standards and checklists
  • references/writing_principles.md
    : Core principles of effective scientific communication
  • references/professional_report_formatting.md
    : Guide to professional report styling with
    scientific_report.sty
本技能包含全面的参考文件,涵盖科学写作的特定方面:
  • references/imrad_structure.md
    :IMRAD格式与分章节内容的详细指南
  • references/citation_styles.md
    :完整的引用格式指南(APA、AMA、Vancouver、Chicago、IEEE)
  • references/figures_tables.md
    :创建有效数据可视化的最佳实践
  • references/reporting_guidelines.md
    :特定研究类型的报告标准与核对清单
  • references/writing_principles.md
    :有效科学沟通的核心原则
  • references/professional_report_formatting.md
    :使用
    scientific_report.sty
    进行专业报告格式设置的指南

Assets

资源

This skill includes LaTeX style packages and templates for professional report formatting:
  • assets/scientific_report.sty
    : Professional LaTeX style package with Helvetica fonts, colored boxes, and attractive tables
  • assets/scientific_report_template.tex
    : Complete report template demonstrating all style features
  • assets/REPORT_FORMATTING_GUIDE.md
    : Quick reference guide for the style package
Key Features of
scientific_report.sty
:
  • Helvetica font family for modern, professional appearance
  • Professional color scheme (blues, greens, oranges, purples)
  • Box environments:
    keyfindings
    ,
    methodology
    ,
    resultsbox
    ,
    recommendations
    ,
    limitations
    ,
    criticalnotice
    ,
    definition
    ,
    executivesummary
    ,
    hypothesis
  • Tables with alternating row colors and professional headers
  • Scientific notation commands for p-values, effect sizes, confidence intervals
  • Professional headers and footers
For venue-specific writing styles (tone, voice, abstract format, reviewer expectations), see the venue-templates skill which provides comprehensive style guides for Nature/Science, Cell Press, medical journals, ML conferences, and CS conferences.
Load these references as needed when working on specific aspects of scientific writing.
本技能包含用于专业报告格式设置的LaTeX样式包与模板:
  • assets/scientific_report.sty
    :专业LaTeX样式包,包含Helvetica字体、彩色框与美观的表格
  • assets/scientific_report_template.tex
    :展示所有样式功能的完整报告模板
  • assets/REPORT_FORMATTING_GUIDE.md
    :样式包的快速参考指南
scientific_report.sty
的核心功能:
  • Helvetica字体族,呈现现代、专业的外观
  • 专业配色方案(蓝色、绿色、橙色、紫色)
  • 框环境:
    keyfindings
    methodology
    resultsbox
    recommendations
    limitations
    criticalnotice
    definition
    executivesummary
    hypothesis
  • 带交替行颜色与专业表头的表格
  • 用于p值、效应量、置信区间的科学符号命令
  • 专业页眉与页脚
如需特定场景写作风格(语气、语态、摘要格式、审稿人期望),请查看venue-templates技能,该技能提供针对Nature/Science、Cell Press、医学期刊、机器学习会议与计算机科学会议的全面风格指南。
在处理科学写作的特定方面时,可按需加载这些参考文件。