terms-of-service
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Translation
ChineseTerms of Service
服务条款
When to Use
使用场景
Activate when a founder needs to create terms of service for a product launch, update existing terms to reflect new features or business model changes, or assess whether current terms adequately protect the company. Also activate when the user asks about acceptable use policies, liability limitations, or user agreement structures.
当创始人需要为产品发布制定服务条款、因新功能或商业模式变化更新现有条款,或评估当前条款是否充分保护公司时,启用此 skill。也应在用户询问可接受使用政策、责任限制或用户协议结构时启用。
Context Required
所需上下文
- From startup-context: product type, platform, business model, pricing structure, target customer (B2B vs B2C), geographic markets, company legal entity and jurisdiction.
- From the user: what the product does, how users interact with it, whether users create or upload content, whether the product integrates with third-party services, payment/subscription structure, any past disputes or known risk areas, and whether the audience includes enterprise customers who will negotiate terms.
- 来自 startup-context: 产品类型、平台、商业模式、定价结构、目标客户(B2B 还是 B2C)、地理市场、公司法律实体和管辖司法辖区。
- 来自用户: 产品功能、用户如何与产品互动、用户是否会创建或上传内容、产品是否集成第三方服务、支付/订阅结构、过往争议或已知风险领域,以及受众是否包括会协商条款的企业客户。
Workflow
工作流程
- Scope assessment — Determine the product type (SaaS, marketplace, API, mobile app) and audience (consumers, SMBs, enterprise). This dictates the tone, enforceability approach, and which clauses are essential.
- Risk identification — Map the key liability scenarios for this specific product: data loss, service outages, user-generated content issues, integration failures, billing disputes.
- Draft terms — Write each section using the template below. Use plain language with legally precise phrasing. Avoid unnecessary jargon while maintaining enforceability.
- Enforceability review — Flag clauses that may be unenforceable in certain jurisdictions (e.g., blanket liability exclusions are limited in the EU, mandatory arbitration is restricted in some states and countries).
- Presentation guidance — Recommend how to present the terms (clickwrap vs browsewrap), versioning strategy, and how to notify users of changes.
- 范围评估 — 确定产品类型(SaaS、marketplace、API、mobile app)和受众(消费者、SMB、企业客户)。这将决定条款的语气、可执行性策略,以及哪些条款必不可少。
- 风险识别 — 针对该产品梳理主要责任场景:数据丢失、服务中断、用户生成内容问题、集成失败、账单争议。
- 起草条款 — 使用下方模板撰写每个章节。采用通俗易懂但具有法律精确度的表述。在保持可执行性的同时,避免不必要的术语。
- 可执行性审查 — 指出在某些司法辖区可能无法执行的条款(例如,在 EU,完全免责受到限制;在某些州和国家,强制仲裁受到限制)。
- 展示指引 — 建议条款的展示方式(clickwrap 与 browsewrap)、版本管理策略,以及如何通知用户条款发生变化。
Output Format
输出格式
A terms of service document with the following sections.
一份包含以下章节的服务条款文档。
Section Template
章节模板
- Agreement to Terms — How acceptance works (clickwrap recommended), age requirements, authority to bind an organization.
- Description of Service — What the product does, what it does not guarantee, service levels if applicable.
- Account Registration & Security — Account creation requirements, user responsibilities for credentials, account sharing policy.
- Acceptable Use Policy — Prohibited activities (abuse, scraping, reverse engineering, illegal use, competitive benchmarking). Be specific to the product.
- User Content & Data — Who owns user-uploaded content, license grants the company needs to operate the service, what happens to data on termination.
- Data Ownership & Portability — Clarify that customer data belongs to the customer. Describe export capabilities and formats.
- Intellectual Property — Company retains ownership of the platform, trademarks, proprietary algorithms. User gets a limited license to use the service.
- Payment & Billing — Subscription terms, billing cycles, price change notice periods, refund policy, what happens on failed payments.
- Free Trials & Freemium — Terms specific to free tiers, conversion expectations, feature limitations, data retention after trial expiry.
- Service Availability & SLAs — Uptime commitments (or lack thereof), scheduled maintenance windows, force majeure.
- Limitation of Liability — Cap on damages (typically limited to fees paid in prior 12 months), exclusion of consequential/indirect damages.
- Indemnification — User indemnifies company for misuse, content violations, third-party claims arising from user's use.
- Termination — How either party can terminate, what happens to data post-termination (retention period, deletion timeline), survival clauses.
- Dispute Resolution — Governing law, jurisdiction, arbitration clause if applicable, class action waiver if applicable.
- Modifications to Terms — How changes are communicated, notice period (30 days recommended), continued use as acceptance.
- Miscellaneous — Severability, entire agreement, assignment, waiver, notices.
- 条款同意 — 说明接受方式(建议使用 clickwrap)、年龄要求,以及约束组织的权限。
- 服务说明 — 说明产品提供什么、不保证什么,以及适用时的服务级别。
- 账户注册与安全 — 账户创建要求、用户对凭据承担的责任,以及账户共享政策。
- 可接受使用政策 — 禁止 activities(滥用、抓取、反向工程、非法使用、竞争性基准测试)。应根据产品实际情况具体说明。
- 用户内容与数据 — 明确用户上传内容的所有权、公司运营服务所需的许可,以及服务终止后数据的处理方式。
- 数据所有权与可迁移性 — 明确客户数据归客户所有。说明数据导出能力和导出格式。
- 知识产权 — 公司保留平台、商标和专有算法的所有权。用户获得使用服务的有限许可。
- 支付与计费 — 订阅条款、计费周期、价格变更通知期限、退款政策,以及付款失败后的处理方式。
- 免费试用与 Freemium — 免费层级的具体条款、转化预期、功能限制,以及试用期届满后的数据保留规则。
- 服务可用性与 SLA — 正常运行时间承诺(或不提供承诺)、计划维护窗口和 force majeure。
- 责任限制 — 损害赔偿上限(通常以过去 12 个月内支付的费用为限),以及对后果性/间接损害的排除。
- 赔偿 — 用户因不当使用、违反内容规定或因使用行为引发第三方索赔而对公司作出的赔偿。
- 终止 — 任何一方终止服务的方式,以及终止后的数据处理方式(保留期限、删除时间表)和继续有效的条款。
- 争议解决 — 适用法律、管辖权、适用时的仲裁条款,以及适用时的集体诉讼放弃条款。
- 条款变更 — 变更的沟通方式、通知期限(建议 30 天),以及继续使用即视为接受的方式。
- 其他条款 — 可分割性、完整协议、转让、弃权和通知。
Frameworks & Best Practices
框架与最佳实践
Plain Language Approach
通俗语言方法
- Write so a non-lawyer customer can understand their obligations and rights.
- Use "you" and "we" consistently. Define them once at the top.
- Use short paragraphs and bullet points for lists of prohibited activities.
- Bold or highlight the most impactful clauses (liability caps, auto-renewal, arbitration).
- Provide a "key terms summary" sidebar or header for each section with a one-line plain English explanation.
- 撰写时应确保非法律专业客户能够理解自己的义务和权利。
- 始终使用“你”和“我们”,并在开头统一定义。
- 使用简短段落和项目符号列表呈现禁止 activities。
- 加粗或突出影响最大的条款(责任上限、自动续费、仲裁)。
- 为每个章节提供“关键条款摘要”侧边栏或页眉,并用一句通俗英文进行说明。
SaaS-Specific Considerations
SaaS 专项考量
- Data ownership is non-negotiable. Customer data must unambiguously belong to the customer. The company gets only the license needed to provide the service.
- Aggregated/anonymized data. If you use customer data in aggregate for analytics, benchmarking, or model training, disclose this explicitly and ensure it is truly de-identified.
- API terms. If you offer an API, specify rate limits, authentication requirements, and restrictions on redistribution of API output.
- Integration liability. Clarify that the company is not responsible for third-party integrations or data passed to third-party services at the user's direction.
- Sub-processors. List or link to sub-processors (hosting, payment, analytics). Enterprise customers expect this.
- 数据所有权不可妥协。 客户数据必须明确归客户所有。公司仅获得提供服务所必需的许可。
- 聚合/匿名数据。 如果使用客户数据的聚合数据进行分析、基准测试或模型训练,应明确披露,并确保数据真正经过去标识化处理。
- API 条款。 如果提供 API,应明确规定速率限制、身份验证要求,以及 API 输出再分发限制。
- 集成责任。 明确公司不对第三方集成或用户指示传递给第三方服务的数据承担责任。
- Sub-processors。 列出或提供 Sub-processors(托管、支付、分析服务)的链接。企业客户通常会要求提供这些信息。
Enforceability Guardrails
可执行性护栏
- Clickwrap over browsewrap. Require an affirmative action (checkbox, click) to accept terms. Browsewrap ("by using this site you agree") is weakly enforceable.
- Conspicuous disclosure. Arbitration clauses, auto-renewal terms, and liability limitations must be prominently displayed to be enforceable in many jurisdictions.
- Consumer protection limits. EU and UK consumer law restricts unfair terms. Blanket liability exclusions for negligence are generally unenforceable for consumers.
- Auto-renewal laws. California (ARL), FTC guidelines, and EU consumer directives require clear disclosure of auto-renewal and easy cancellation.
- Unilateral modification. Courts increasingly scrutinize "we can change these terms at any time" clauses. Provide reasonable notice (30 days) and allow termination if users disagree.
- 优先使用 clickwrap,而非 browsewrap。 要求用户采取明确行动(勾选复选框、点击按钮)以接受条款。Browsewrap(“使用本网站即表示您同意”)的可执行性较弱。
- 显著披露。 仲裁条款、自动续费条款和责任限制必须在多个司法辖区以醒目方式展示,才能具备可执行性。
- 消费者保护限制。 EU 和 UK 的消费者法限制不公平条款。针对消费者的完全免责条款通常因疏忽而无法执行。
- 自动续费法规。 California(ARL)、FTC 指引和 EU 消费者指令要求明确披露自动续费机制,并提供便捷的取消方式。
- 单方面修改。 法院正日益严格审查“我们可随时更改这些条款”之类的条款。应提供合理通知期(30 天),并允许用户不同意变更时终止服务。
B2B vs B2C Differences
B2B 与 B2C 差异
- B2B: Expect negotiation on liability caps, SLAs, indemnification, and data processing terms. Have an enterprise-tier addendum ready.
- B2C: Consumer protection laws are more protective. Arbitration may be restricted. Cooling-off periods may apply.
- Hybrid (self-serve B2B): Start with standard terms but have a process for enterprise customers to request modifications via a Master Service Agreement.
- B2B: 通常会就责任上限、SLA、赔偿和数据处理条款进行协商。应准备一份适用于企业客户的附录。
- B2C: 消费者保护法提供更全面的保护。仲裁可能受到限制,也可能适用冷静期。
- 混合模式(自助式 B2B): 先使用标准条款,但应建立流程,允许企业客户通过 Master Service Agreement 申请修改条款。
Related Skills
相关 Skills
- — Must be drafted together. Terms should reference the privacy policy for data handling practices. Definitions (like "personal data") should be consistent.
privacy-policy - — When enterprise customers redline your terms, use contract-review to assess their proposed changes.
contract-review
- — 必须与本条款一并起草。服务条款应引用隐私政策,以说明数据处理实践。相关定义(如“个人数据”)应保持一致。
privacy-policy - — 当企业客户对条款进行修订标记时,使用 contract-review 评估其 proposed changes。
contract-review
Examples
示例
Example 1: B2B SaaS product
示例 1:B2B SaaS 产品
User: "We're launching a B2B analytics platform with a freemium tier and paid plans starting at $49/month. We need terms of service."
Good output excerpt:
6. Data Ownership & PortabilityYour Data is yours. We claim no ownership over any data, content, or information you submit to the Service ("Customer Data"). You grant us a limited, non-exclusive license to use Customer Data solely to provide and improve the Service.You may export your Customer Data at any time via the dashboard export feature in CSV or JSON format. Upon termination of your account, we will retain your Customer Data for 30 days to allow retrieval, after which it will be permanently deleted from our active systems and removed from backups within 90 days.We may generate aggregated, anonymized statistics about platform usage ("Aggregated Data") that cannot identify you or any individual user. We own Aggregated Data and may use it for benchmarking, research, and product improvement.
用户: “我们即将推出一款 B2B 分析平台,提供 Freemium 层级,付费套餐从每月 49 美元起。我们需要服务条款。”
理想输出节选:
6. 数据所有权与可迁移性你的数据归你所有。对于你向服务(“Customer Data”)提交的任何数据、内容或信息,我们不主张任何所有权。你向我们授予一项有限的、非独占许可,仅用于提供和改善服务。你可以随时通过 dashboard 的导出功能,以 CSV 或 JSON 格式导出 Customer Data。账户终止后,我们将保留 Customer Data 30 天,以便你取回,之后将从我们的活动系统中永久删除,并在 90 天内从备份中移除。我们可以生成有关平台使用情况的聚合、匿名统计数据(“Aggregated Data”),这些数据无法识别你或任何个人用户。我们拥有 Aggregated Data,并将其用于基准测试、研究和产品改进。
Example 2: Marketplace with user-generated content
示例 2:包含用户生成内容的市场平台
User: "Our platform lets freelancers sell digital templates. We need terms covering both buyers and sellers."
Good output excerpt:
5. User ContentFor Sellers: You retain ownership of all templates and digital assets you upload ("Seller Content"). By listing Seller Content on the platform, you grant us a non-exclusive, worldwide license to display, distribute, and promote your Seller Content in connection with operating the marketplace. This license ends 30 days after you remove the content, except for copies already purchased by Buyers.For Buyers: Your purchase grants you a license to use the template as specified in the Seller's license terms. You do not acquire ownership of the underlying intellectual property. Resale, redistribution, or sub-licensing of purchased templates is prohibited unless the Seller's license explicitly permits it.Our Responsibilities: We do not pre-screen Seller Content. We are a platform, not a publisher. However, we reserve the right to remove content that violates these Terms or applicable law.
Disclaimer: This skill generates draft terms of service for educational and planning purposes only. It does not constitute legal advice. Terms of service must be tailored to your specific product, business model, and applicable jurisdictions. Enforceability varies by jurisdiction and depends on how terms are presented to users. Always have a qualified attorney review your final terms of service before publication.
用户: “我们的平台允许自由职业者销售数字模板。我们需要涵盖买方和卖方的条款。”
理想输出节选:
5. 用户内容对于卖家: 你保留对所有已上传模板和数字资产(“Seller Content”)的所有权。通过在平台上发布 Seller Content,你授予我们一项非独占的全球许可,用于展示、分发和推广 Seller Content,以运营 marketplace。除已由买方购买的副本外,此许可将在你移除内容后 30 天终止。对于买方: 你的购买行为授予你一项许可,允许你按照卖方许可条款的规定使用模板。你不取得底层知识产权的所有权。除非卖方许可明确允许,否则禁止转售、再分发或再许可已购买的模板。我们的责任: 我们不会预先审核 Seller Content。我们是平台,而不是发布者。但是,我们保留删除违反本条款或适用法律的内容的权利。
免责声明: 此 skill 仅为教育和规划目的生成服务条款草案,不构成法律意见。服务条款必须根据你的具体产品、商业模式和适用司法辖区量身定制。条款的可执行性因司法辖区而异,并取决于条款向用户展示的方式。发布最终服务条款前,务必由合格的律师进行审查。