sap-btp-cloud-transport-management
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ChineseSAP Cloud Transport Management Skill
SAP Cloud Transport Management 指南
Table of Contents
目录
Overview
概述
SAP Cloud Transport Management is a service on SAP BTP that manages software deliverables between accounts of different environments by transporting them across various runtimes. It provides transparency to the audit trail of changes and enables separation of concerns between developers and operations teams.
Supported Environments: Cloud Foundry, Kyma, Neo (deprecated)
Supported Content Types:
- MTA (Multitarget Applications): files for Cloud Foundry deployments
.mtar - BTP ABAP: References to ABAP objects in Git repositories
- Application Content: Application-specific formats (,
.zip).rar - XSC DU: SAP HANA XS classic delivery units
SAP Cloud Transport Management是SAP BTP上的一项服务,通过在不同运行时之间传输软件交付物,来管理不同环境账户间的软件交付。它为变更的审计追踪提供了透明度,并实现了开发团队与运维团队的职责分离。
支持的环境:Cloud Foundry、Kyma、Neo(已弃用)
支持的内容类型:
- MTA(多目标应用):用于Cloud Foundry部署的文件
.mtar - BTP ABAP:Git仓库中ABAP对象的引用
- 应用内容:特定应用格式(、
.zip).rar - XSC DU:SAP HANA XS经典交付单元
Quick Start: Initial Setup
快速开始:初始设置
Prerequisites
前提条件
- Global account administrator access
- At least one SAP BTP subaccount
- Cloud Foundry environment enabled
- 全局账户管理员权限
- 至少一个SAP BTP子账户
- 已启用Cloud Foundry环境
Setup Workflow
设置流程
1. Configure Entitlements → 2. Subscribe to Service → 3. Set Up Roles → 4. Create Service Instance1. 配置权限 → 2. 订阅服务 → 3. 设置角色 → 4. 创建服务实例Step 1: Configure Entitlements
步骤1:配置权限
Navigate to: Global Account > Entitlements > Entity Assignments > Add Service Plans
Select "Cloud Transport Management" and choose plans:
| Plan Type | Plans Available | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| Application | | UI access |
| Instance | | API/programmatic access |
Instance plans require an active application plan. Theplan is for CI/CD pipelines.export
导航至:全局账户 > 权限 > 实体分配 > 添加服务计划
选择"Cloud Transport Management"并选择对应的计划:
| 计划类型 | 可用计划 | 用途 |
|---|---|---|
| 应用 | | UI访问 |
| 实例 | | API/程序化访问 |
实例计划需要已激活的应用计划。计划适用于CI/CD流水线。export
Step 2: Subscribe to the Service
步骤2:订阅服务
- Navigate to Services > Service Marketplace
- Search for "Cloud Transport Management"
- Select Create from the Actions menu
- Choose a subscription plan (,
standard, orfree)build-runtime - Verify status shows "Subscribed"
- 导航至 服务 > 服务市场
- 搜索"Cloud Transport Management"
- 从操作菜单中选择 创建
- 选择订阅计划(、
standard或free)build-runtime - 验证状态显示为"已订阅"
Step 3: Set Up Role Collections
步骤3:设置角色集合
Pre-delivered Role Collections:
TMS_LandscapeOperator_RCTMS_Viewer_RC
Available Roles:
| Role | Capabilities |
|---|---|
| Administrator | Full administration for all TMS tasks |
| LandscapeOperator | Create/edit/delete nodes and routes |
| TransportOperator | Manage import queues, forward, reset, schedule |
| ImportOperator | Import all transport requests |
| ImportSelectedOperator | Import selected transport requests |
| ExportOperator | Add files, create modifiable requests |
| Viewer | Read-only access |
Assign roles: Security > Role Collections > [Collection] > Edit > Users
预定义角色集合:
TMS_LandscapeOperator_RCTMS_Viewer_RC
可用角色:
| 角色 | 权限 |
|---|---|
| Administrator | 所有TMS任务的完整管理权限 |
| LandscapeOperator | 创建/编辑/删除节点与路由 |
| TransportOperator | 管理导入队列、转发、重置、调度 |
| ImportOperator | 导入所有传输请求 |
| ImportSelectedOperator | 导入特定传输请求 |
| ExportOperator | 添加文件、创建可修改请求 |
| Viewer | 只读访问权限 |
分配角色:安全 > 角色集合 > [对应集合] > 编辑 > 用户
Step 4: Create Service Instance and Key
步骤4:创建服务实例与密钥
- Create a Cloud Foundry space in your subaccount
- Navigate to Services > Instances and Subscriptions > Create
- Select:
- Service:
Cloud Transport Management - Plan: (instance type)
standard - Runtime:
Cloud Foundry
- Service:
- Create a service key - credentials structure:
json
{
"uaa": {
"clientid": "sb-xxxxxx",
"clientsecret": "xxxxxx",
"url": "[https://<domain>.authentication.sap.hana.ondemand.com"](https://<domain>.authentication.sap.hana.ondemand.com")
},
"uri": "[https://transport-service-app-backend.ts.cfapps.sap.hana.ondemand.com"](https://transport-service-app-backend.ts.cfapps.sap.hana.ondemand.com")
}- 在子账户中创建Cloud Foundry空间
- 导航至 服务 > 实例与订阅 > 创建
- 选择:
- 服务:
Cloud Transport Management - 计划: (实例类型)
standard - 运行时:
Cloud Foundry
- 服务:
- 创建服务密钥 - 凭证结构:
json
{
"uaa": {
"clientid": "sb-xxxxxx",
"clientsecret": "xxxxxx",
"url": "[https://<domain>.authentication.sap.hana.ondemand.com"](https://<domain>.authentication.sap.hana.ondemand.com")
},
"uri": "[https://transport-service-app-backend.ts.cfapps.sap.hana.ondemand.com"](https://transport-service-app-backend.ts.cfapps.sap.hana.ondemand.com")
}Landscape Configuration
传输环境配置
Transport Nodes
传输节点
Transport nodes represent source or target endpoints of deployment processes.
Node Types:
- Physical Nodes: Actual deployment endpoints (e.g., Cloud Foundry spaces)
- Virtual Nodes: Placeholders for aggregation/distribution without physical deployment
Key Configuration Fields:
| Field | Description |
|---|---|
| Name | Case-sensitive identifier (must match |
| Allow Upload to Node | Enable file uploads for local archives |
| Forward Mode | |
| Content Type | |
| Destination | Target deployment endpoint |
| Deployment Strategy | |
传输节点代表部署流程的源或目标端点。
节点类型:
- 物理节点:实际的部署端点(例如Cloud Foundry空间)
- 虚拟节点:用于聚合/分发的占位符,无实际部署
关键配置字段:
| 字段 | 描述 |
|---|---|
| 名称 | 区分大小写的标识符(必须与Content Agent的 |
| 允许上传至节点 | 启用本地归档文件的上传 |
| 转发模式 | |
| 内容类型 | |
| 目标 | 目标部署端点 |
| 部署策略 | |
Transport Routes
传输路由
Routes connect transport nodes. Constraint: A node can be a target for only one route but can be a source for multiple routes.
路由连接传输节点。约束:一个节点只能作为一条路由的目标,但可以作为多条路由的源。
Transport Landscape Wizard
传输环境向导
Use for simple 2-3 node landscapes:
- Select template (number of nodes)
- Configure each node
- Customize route names
- Review and finish
适用于简单的2-3节点环境:
- 选择模板(节点数量)
- 配置每个节点
- 自定义路由名称
- 审核并完成
Destination Configuration
目标配置
All destinations require HTTPS. Configure in: SAP BTP Cockpit > Connectivity > Destinations
所有目标均要求使用HTTPS。在以下路径配置:SAP BTP控制台 > 连接性 > 目标
Destination to TMS Service (Source Environment)
指向TMS服务的目标(源环境)
Required for applications exporting content directly to TMS.
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Name | |
| Type | HTTP |
| URL | Service key |
| Authentication | OAuth2ClientCredentials |
| Client ID | Service key |
| Client Secret | Service key |
| Token Service URL | Service key |
| Additional Property | |
应用直接向TMS导出内容时需要配置此目标。
| 字段 | 值 |
|---|---|
| 名称 | |
| 类型 | HTTP |
| URL | 服务密钥中的 |
| 认证 | OAuth2ClientCredentials |
| Client ID | 服务密钥中的 |
| Client Secret | 服务密钥中的 |
| Token Service URL | 服务密钥中的 |
| 附加属性 | |
MTA Deployment Destinations (Cloud Foundry)
MTA部署目标(Cloud Foundry)
Option 1: Basic Authentication (SAP ID users only)
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| URL (org/space) | |
| URL (space GUID) | |
| Authentication | BasicAuthentication |
| User | Platform user email with |
Get space GUID:URL-encode special characters in org/space namescf space <space-name> --guid
Option 2: OAuth2Password (Custom IdP support)
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| URL | Same as Basic Auth |
| Authentication | OAuth2Password |
| Client ID | |
| Client Secret | (leave empty) |
| Token Service URL | |
选项1:基础认证(仅SAP ID用户)
| 字段 | 值 |
|---|---|
| URL(org/space) | |
| URL(space GUID) | |
| 认证 | BasicAuthentication |
| 用户 | 拥有 |
获取space GUID:对org/space名称中的特殊字符进行URL编码cf space <space-name> --guid
选项2:OAuth2Password(支持自定义IdP)
| 字段 | 值 |
|---|---|
| URL | 与基础认证相同 |
| 认证 | OAuth2Password |
| Client ID | |
| Client Secret | (留空) |
| Token Service URL | |
BTP ABAP Environment Destinations
BTP ABAP环境目标
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| URL | |
| Authentication | BasicAuthentication |
| User | Communication user from |
| 字段 | 值 |
|---|---|
| URL | |
| 认证 | BasicAuthentication |
| 用户 | |
Import Queue Operations
导入队列操作
Import Methods
导入方式
| Method | Description | Availability |
|---|---|---|
| Import All | Sequential import of all requests in queue | All content types |
| Import Selected | Import specific requests (may cause inconsistencies) | Not BTP ABAP |
| Import Upto | Import all requests up to selected one | BTP ABAP only |
Importable Statuses: , ,
InitialFatalRepeatable| 方式 | 描述 | 适用范围 |
|---|---|---|
| 全部导入 | 按顺序导入队列中的所有请求 | 所有内容类型 |
| 选择导入 | 导入特定请求(可能导致不一致) | 不适用于BTP ABAP |
| 导入至指定请求 | 导入所有直至选中请求的内容 | 仅适用于BTP ABAP |
可导入状态:、、
InitialFatalRepeatableFile Upload
文件上传
- Max file size: 1 GB (500 MB on free plan)
- Storage quota: 50 GB standard, 500 MB free
- Retention: 30 days (7 days free) after final status
- Formats: (MTA),
.mtar(XSC DU),.tgz(Application Content).zip
- 最大文件大小:1 GB(免费计划为500 MB)
- 存储配额:标准计划50 GB,免费计划500 MB
- 保留期限:进入最终状态后30天(免费计划7天)
- 支持格式:(MTA)、
.mtar(XSC DU)、.tgz(应用内容).zip
Scheduling
调度设置
- Patterns: Daily (hourly, 4x/day) or Weekly (specific days/times)
- Auto-deactivation: After 3 consecutive fatal failures over 3+ weeks
- 模式:每日(每小时、每日4次)或每周(特定日期/时间)
- 自动停用:连续3次致命失败且超过3周后自动停用
Automatic Import
自动导入
Enable per node - immediately processes all importable requests and triggers on new arrivals.
按节点启用 - 立即处理所有可导入请求,并在新请求到达时触发导入。
Transport Request Statuses
传输请求状态
Import Statuses
导入状态
| Status | Description |
|---|---|
| Initial | Added but not imported |
| Running | Import in progress |
| Succeeded | Import successful |
| Warning | Completed with warnings |
| Error | Import failed (retryable) |
| Fatal | Import failed (fatal error) |
| Skipped | Intentionally skipped (virtual nodes) |
| Repeatable | Reset for re-import |
| Deleted | Removed from queue |
| Transient | Tested and released (modifiable requests) |
| 状态 | 描述 |
|---|---|
| Initial | 已添加但未导入 |
| Running | 导入进行中 |
| Succeeded | 导入成功 |
| Warning | 完成但存在警告 |
| Error | 导入失败(可重试) |
| Fatal | 导入失败(致命错误) |
| Skipped | 有意跳过(虚拟节点) |
| Repeatable | 已重置可重新导入 |
| Deleted | 已从队列移除 |
| Transient | 已测试并发布(可修改请求) |
Lifecycle Statuses
生命周期状态
- Modifiable: Request can be edited
- Released: In at least one queue with non-archived status
- Deleted: Deleted from all queues
- Archived: Cleaned up by retention policy
- Modifiable:请求可编辑
- Released:已在至少一个非归档状态的队列中
- Deleted:已从所有队列删除
- Archived:已按保留策略清理
Troubleshooting
故障排查
Quick Reference: Common Errors
快速参考:常见错误
| Error | Likely Cause | Quick Fix |
|---|---|---|
| Wrong CF domain | Match domain to |
| Unencoded special chars | Use space GUID: |
| Missing SpaceDeveloper | Add role in BTP Cockpit or CF CLI |
| Wrong IdP | Use OAuth2Password with |
| Connection refused (ABAP) | Wrong URL pattern | Verify |
| Import stuck | Non-final status | Check Transport Action Logs for root cause |
| 错误 | 可能原因 | 快速修复 |
|---|---|---|
| 错误的CF域名 | 匹配 |
| 特殊字符未编码 | 使用space GUID: |
| 缺少SpaceDeveloper角色 | 在BTP控制台或CF CLI中添加角色 |
| 错误的IdP | 使用带有 |
| Connection refused(ABAP) | URL格式错误 | 验证 |
| 导入卡住 | 非最终状态 | 查看传输操作日志排查根本原因 |
MTA Deployment Errors
MTA部署错误
Error: during deployment
Not FoundCauses:
- Wrong Cloud Foundry domain in URL
- Special characters in org/space names not URL-encoded
Solutions:
- Verify domain matches CF API endpoint:
cf api - Use space GUID instead of names
- URL-encode special characters (→
+, space →%2B)%20
Error: during deployment
ForbiddenCauses:
- User lacks role
SpaceDeveloper - User from wrong identity provider
Solutions:
- Verify user roles:
cf space-users <org> <space> - Use OAuth2Password auth for custom IdP users
错误:部署时出现
Not Found原因:
- URL中的Cloud Foundry域名错误
- org/space名称中的特殊字符未进行URL编码
解决方案:
- 验证域名与CF API端点匹配:
cf api - 使用space GUID替代名称
- 对特殊字符进行URL编码(→
+,空格 →%2B)%20
错误:部署时出现
Forbidden原因:
- 用户缺少角色
SpaceDeveloper - 用户来自错误的身份提供商
解决方案:
- 验证用户角色:
cf space-users <org> <space> - 对自定义IdP用户使用OAuth2Password认证
SAP Support
SAP支持
Component: (Transport Management for application content)
BC-CP-LCM-TMSRequired for incidents: Region, subaccount ID, reproduction steps, transport action logs, screenshots
For detailed troubleshooting steps, error catalogs by content type, and support procedures, see .
references/troubleshooting.md组件:(应用内容的传输管理)
BC-CP-LCM-TMS工单所需信息:区域、子账户ID、重现步骤、传输操作日志、截图
详细故障排查步骤、按内容类型划分的错误目录以及支持流程,请参阅。
references/troubleshooting.mdSecurity
安全
Service Plans for API Access
API访问的服务计划
| Plan | Access Level |
|---|---|
| Full API access |
| Export actions only (CI/CD) |
| Import, reset, forward, delete only |
| 计划 | 访问级别 |
|---|---|
| 完整API访问权限 |
| 仅导出操作(CI/CD) |
| 仅导入、重置、转发、删除操作 |
Node-Specific Restrictions
节点特定限制
Use attributes to restrict roles to specific nodes:
TmsNodesTransportOperatorTmsNodesImportTmsNodesExport
使用属性将角色限制到特定节点:
TmsNodesTransportOperatorTmsNodesImportTmsNodesExport
Malware Scanning
恶意软件扫描
TMS does not perform malware scans - target applications are responsible. Exception: MTA deployment descriptors are verified.
TMS不执行恶意软件扫描 - 由目标应用负责。例外:MTA部署描述符会被验证。
Integrations
集成
CI/CD Integration
CI/CD集成
Use SAP Continuous Integration and Delivery or Project Piper with the service plan.
export结合SAP Continuous Integration and Delivery或Project Piper,使用服务计划。
exportAlert Notifications
告警通知
Configure destination for:
ALERT_NOTIFICATION_SERVICE- /
TmsImportFinishedTmsImportStarted TmsTransportRequestAddedTmsNodeImportJobDeactivated- (85% threshold)
TmsStorageQuotaUsage
配置目标以接收以下事件:
ALERT_NOTIFICATION_SERVICE- /
TmsImportFinishedTmsImportStarted TmsTransportRequestAddedTmsNodeImportJobDeactivated- (阈值85%)
TmsStorageQuotaUsage
API Operations
API操作
- File Upload: Upload content archive
- Node Export: Attach file to new request, forward to target nodes
- Node Upload: Upload to specific node (CI/CD scenarios)
- Import operations: Async - monitor with Get transport action
- 文件上传:上传内容归档
- 节点导出:将文件附加到新请求并转发至目标节点
- 节点上传:上传至特定节点(CI/CD场景)
- 导入操作:异步执行 - 通过Get transport action监控
Reference Documentation
参考文档
For detailed configuration procedures, see the reference files:
详细配置流程,请参阅参考文件:
Bundled Resources
捆绑资源
Reference Documentation
参考文档
- - Complete setup procedures
references/initial-setup.md - - Nodes, routes, visualization, and wizard
references/landscape-configuration.md - - All 8 destination types with configurations
references/destinations.md - - Import queue, MTA descriptors, modifiable requests
references/import-operations.md - - Service plans, backup, storage, data export
references/administration.md - - Error resolution guide
references/troubleshooting.md - - Integration scenarios and API operations
references/integrations.md - - Role and permission details
references/security-roles.md
- - 完整设置流程
references/initial-setup.md - - 节点、路由、可视化与向导
references/landscape-configuration.md - - 所有8种目标类型的配置
references/destinations.md - - 导入队列、MTA描述符、可修改请求
references/import-operations.md - - 服务计划、备份、存储、数据导出
references/administration.md - - 错误解决指南
references/troubleshooting.md - - 集成场景与API操作
references/integrations.md - - 角色与权限详情
references/security-roles.md
Documentation Links
文档链接
- GitHub Docs: https://github.com/SAP-docs/sap-btp-cloud-transport-management
- SAP Help Portal: https://help.sap.com/docs/cloud-transport-management
- API Reference: https://api.sap.com/package/TmsForCloudPub/rest
Last Updated: 2025-11-22
Source: SAP-docs/sap-btp-cloud-transport-management
- GitHub Docs: https://github.com/SAP-docs/sap-btp-cloud-transport-management
- SAP Help Portal: https://help.sap.com/docs/cloud-transport-management
- API Reference: https://api.sap.com/package/TmsForCloudPub/rest
最后更新:2025-11-22
来源:SAP-docs/sap-btp-cloud-transport-management