workers-multi-lang

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Original

English

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Translation

Chinese

Multi-Language Workers Development

多语言Workers开发

Build Cloudflare Workers using Rust, Python, or WebAssembly for performance-critical operations.

使用Rust、Python或WebAssembly构建Cloudflare Workers，用于性能敏感型操作。

Language Comparison

语言对比

Feature	JavaScript/TS	Rust	Python
Startup	Fast	Fastest (WASM)	Moderate
CPU Perf	Good	Excellent	Good
Memory	Higher	Lower	Higher
Bundle Size	Smaller	Medium	Larger
Type Safety	Optional (TS)	Strict	Optional
Best For	General apps	CPU-intensive	Data/ML

特性	JavaScript/TS	Rust	Python
启动速度	快	最快（WASM）	中等
CPU性能	良好	极佳	良好
内存占用	较高	较低	较高
包体积	较小	中等	较大
类型安全性	可选（TS）	严格	可选
适用场景	通用应用	CPU密集型任务	数据/机器学习

Quick Decision

快速决策

Need maximum performance? → Rust/WASM
Heavy computation (crypto, image processing)? → Rust/WASM
Data processing, ML inference? → Python
General web apps? → JavaScript/TypeScript

Need maximum performance? → Rust/WASM
Heavy computation (crypto, image processing)? → Rust/WASM
Data processing, ML inference? → Python
General web apps? → JavaScript/TypeScript

Top 10 Multi-Lang Errors

十大多语言开发常见错误

Error	Language	Cause	Solution
`WebAssembly.instantiate() failed`	Rust	Invalid WASM	Check wasm-pack build output
`Module parse failed: Unexpected token`	Rust	ESM/CJS mismatch	Use `--target bundler`
`Cannot find module`	Python	Missing dep	Add to pyproject.toml
`Out of memory`	All	Large WASM	Enable streaming instantiation
`Exceeded CPU time limit`	All	Long computation	Chunk processing
`wasm-bindgen version mismatch`	Rust	Dep conflict	Align versions in Cargo.toml
`RuntimeError: unreachable`	Rust	Panic in WASM	Add proper error handling
`TypeError: not a function`	Rust	Missing export	Add `#[wasm_bindgen]` attribute
`Python worker startup timeout`	Python	Slow init	Minimize imports
`SharedArrayBuffer not supported`	All	Security	Add COOP/COEP headers

错误	语言	原因	解决方案
`WebAssembly.instantiate() failed`	Rust	无效WASM模块	检查wasm-pack构建输出
`Module parse failed: Unexpected token`	Rust	ESM/CJS不兼容	使用 `--target bundler`
`Cannot find module`	Python	依赖缺失	添加至pyproject.toml
`Out of memory`	所有语言	WASM模块过大	启用流式实例化
`Exceeded CPU time limit`	所有语言	计算耗时过长	拆分任务处理
`wasm-bindgen version mismatch`	Rust	依赖版本冲突	统一Cargo.toml中的版本
`RuntimeError: unreachable`	Rust	WASM中发生panic	添加完善的错误处理
`TypeError: not a function`	Rust	缺少导出	添加 `#[wasm_bindgen]` 属性
`Python worker startup timeout`	Python	初始化缓慢	减少导入依赖
`SharedArrayBuffer not supported`	所有语言	安全限制	添加COOP/COEP头

Rust Quick Start

Rust快速入门

bash

undefined

bash

undefined

Install tools

cargo install wasm-pack

Create project

cargo new --lib my-worker cd my-worker

Add to Cargo.toml

cat >> Cargo.toml << 'EOF' [lib] crate-type = ["cdylib"]

[dependencies] wasm-bindgen = "0.2" worker = "0.3" console_error_panic_hook = "0.1"

[profile.release] opt-level = "s" lto = true EOF


```rust
// src/lib.rs
use worker::*;

#[event(fetch)]
async fn fetch(req: Request, env: Env, _ctx: Context) -> Result<Response> {
    console_error_panic_hook::set_once();

    Router::new()
        .get("/", |_, _| Response::ok("Hello from Rust!"))
        .get("/compute", |_, _| {
            // CPU-intensive computation
            let result = heavy_computation();
            Response::ok(format!("Result: {}", result))
        })
        .run(req, env)
        .await
}

fn heavy_computation() -> u64 {
    (1..1_000_000).filter(|n| is_prime(*n)).count() as u64
}

fn is_prime(n: u64) -> bool {
    if n < 2 { return false; }
    (2..=(n as f64).sqrt() as u64).all(|i| n % i != 0)
}

cat >> Cargo.toml << 'EOF' [lib] crate-type = ["cdylib"]

[dependencies] wasm-bindgen = "0.2" worker = "0.3" console_error_panic_hook = "0.1"

[profile.release] opt-level = "s" lto = true EOF


```rust
// src/lib.rs
use worker::*;

#[event(fetch)]
async fn fetch(req: Request, env: Env, _ctx: Context) -> Result<Response> {
    console_error_panic_hook::set_once();

    Router::new()
        .get("/", |_, _| Response::ok("Hello from Rust!"))
        .get("/compute", |_, _| {
            // CPU-intensive computation
            let result = heavy_computation();
            Response::ok(format!("Result: {}", result))
        })
        .run(req, env)
        .await
}

fn heavy_computation() -> u64 {
    (1..1_000_000).filter(|n| is_prime(*n)).count() as u64
}

fn is_prime(n: u64) -> bool {
    if n < 2 { return false; }
    (2..=(n as f64).sqrt() as u64).all(|i| n % i != 0)
}

Python Quick Start (Workers for Platforms)

Python快速入门（Workers for Platforms）

toml

undefined

toml

undefined

pyproject.toml

[project] name = "my-worker" version = "0.1.0" requires-python = ">=3.12" dependencies = []

[build-system] requires = ["hatchling"] build-backend = "hatchling.build"


```python

[project] name = "my-worker" version = "0.1.0" requires-python = ">=3.12" dependencies = []

[build-system] requires = ["hatchling"] build-backend = "hatchling.build"


```python

src/entry.py

from js import Response, Headers

async def on_fetch(request, env): url = request.url

if "/compute" in url:
    result = heavy_computation()
    return Response.new(f"Result: {result}")

return Response.new("Hello from Python!")

def heavy_computation(): """CPU-intensive computation""" return sum(1 for n in range(2, 100000) if is_prime(n))

def is_prime(n): if n < 2: return False return all(n % i != 0 for i in range(2, int(n**0.5) + 1))

undefined

from js import Response, Headers

async def on_fetch(request, env): url = request.url

if "/compute" in url:
    result = heavy_computation()
    return Response.new(f"Result: {result}")

return Response.new("Hello from Python!")

def heavy_computation(): """CPU-intensive computation""" return sum(1 for n in range(2, 100000) if is_prime(n))

def is_prime(n): if n < 2: return False return all(n % i != 0 for i in range(2, int(n**0.5) + 1))

undefined

WASM Module Integration

WASM模块集成

typescript

// Load and use WASM module in TypeScript Worker
import wasmModule from './pkg/my_lib_bg.wasm';
import { init, process_data } from './pkg/my_lib';

let wasmInstance: WebAssembly.Instance;

export default {
  async fetch(request: Request, env: Env): Promise<Response> {
    // Initialize WASM once
    if (!wasmInstance) {
      wasmInstance = await WebAssembly.instantiate(wasmModule);
      init();
    }

    // Use WASM function
    const result = process_data(inputData);

    return Response.json({ result });
  },
};

typescript

// Load and use WASM module in TypeScript Worker
import wasmModule from './pkg/my_lib_bg.wasm';
import { init, process_data } from './pkg/my_lib';

let wasmInstance: WebAssembly.Instance;

export default {
  async fetch(request: Request, env: Env): Promise<Response> {
    // Initialize WASM once
    if (!wasmInstance) {
      wasmInstance = await WebAssembly.instantiate(wasmModule);
      init();
    }

    // Use WASM function
    const result = process_data(inputData);

    return Response.json({ result });
  },
};

When to Load References

参考文档加载时机

Reference	Load When
`references/rust-workers.md`	Building Workers with Rust/WASM
`references/python-workers.md`	Using Python on Workers for Platforms
`references/wasm-integration.md`	Integrating WASM modules in any Worker

参考文档	加载场景
`references/rust-workers.md`	使用Rust/WASM构建Workers时
`references/python-workers.md`	在Workers for Platforms上使用Python时
`references/wasm-integration.md`	在任意Worker中集成WASM模块时

Performance Tips

性能优化技巧

WASM Initialization: Cache instance, use streaming
Memory: Use typed arrays for data transfer
Bundle Size: Enable LTO, strip debug info
Cold Starts: Keep WASM modules small
Data Transfer: Minimize JS/WASM boundary crossings

WASM初始化：缓存实例，使用流式加载
内存管理：使用类型化数组进行数据传输
包体积优化：启用LTO，移除调试信息
冷启动优化：保持WASM模块体积小巧
数据传输：减少JS与WASM之间的边界交互

workers-multi-lang

Original

Translation

Multi-Language Workers Development

多语言Workers开发

Language Comparison

语言对比

Quick Decision

快速决策

Top 10 Multi-Lang Errors

十大多语言开发常见错误

Rust Quick Start

Rust快速入门

Install tools

Install tools

Create project

Create project

Add to Cargo.toml

Add to Cargo.toml

Python Quick Start (Workers for Platforms)

Python快速入门（Workers for Platforms）

pyproject.toml

pyproject.toml

src/entry.py

src/entry.py

WASM Module Integration

WASM模块集成

When to Load References

参考文档加载时机

Performance Tips

性能优化技巧

See Also

相关链接