session-management

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Original

English

🇨🇳

Translation

Chinese

Session Management

会话管理

Implement secure session management with proper token handling and storage.

实现基于令牌处理与存储的安全会话管理。

Token-Based Sessions

基于令牌的会话

javascript

const jwt = require('jsonwebtoken');

function generateTokens(user) {
  const accessToken = jwt.sign(
    { userId: user.id, role: user.role, type: 'access' },
    process.env.JWT_SECRET,
    { expiresIn: '1h' }
  );

  const refreshToken = jwt.sign(
    { userId: user.id, type: 'refresh' },
    process.env.REFRESH_SECRET,
    { expiresIn: '7d' }
  );

  return { accessToken, refreshToken };
}

javascript

const jwt = require('jsonwebtoken');

function generateTokens(user) {
  const accessToken = jwt.sign(
    { userId: user.id, role: user.role, type: 'access' },
    process.env.JWT_SECRET,
    { expiresIn: '1h' }
  );

  const refreshToken = jwt.sign(
    { userId: user.id, type: 'refresh' },
    process.env.REFRESH_SECRET,
    { expiresIn: '7d' }
  );

  return { accessToken, refreshToken };
}

Redis Session Storage

Redis会话存储

javascript

const redis = require('redis');
const client = redis.createClient();

class SessionStore {
  async create(userId, sessionData) {
    const sessionId = crypto.randomUUID();
    await client.hSet(`sessions:${userId}`, sessionId, JSON.stringify({
      ...sessionData,
      createdAt: Date.now()
    }));
    await client.expire(`sessions:${userId}`, 86400 * 7);
    return sessionId;
  }

  async invalidateAll(userId) {
    await client.del(`sessions:${userId}`);
  }
}

javascript

const redis = require('redis');
const client = redis.createClient();

class SessionStore {
  async create(userId, sessionData) {
    const sessionId = crypto.randomUUID();
    await client.hSet(`sessions:${userId}`, sessionId, JSON.stringify({
      ...sessionData,
      createdAt: Date.now()
    }));
    await client.expire(`sessions:${userId}`, 86400 * 7);
    return sessionId;
  }

  async invalidateAll(userId) {
    await client.del(`sessions:${userId}`);
  }
}

Cookie Configuration

Cookie配置

javascript

app.use(session({
  name: 'session',
  secret: process.env.SESSION_SECRET,
  cookie: {
    httpOnly: true,
    secure: process.env.NODE_ENV === 'production',
    sameSite: 'strict',
    maxAge: 3600000, // 1 hour
    domain: '.example.com'
  },
  resave: false,
  saveUninitialized: false
}));

javascript

app.use(session({
  name: 'session',
  secret: process.env.SESSION_SECRET,
  cookie: {
    httpOnly: true,
    secure: process.env.NODE_ENV === 'production',
    sameSite: 'strict',
    maxAge: 3600000, // 1 hour
    domain: '.example.com'
  },
  resave: false,
  saveUninitialized: false
}));

Token Refresh Flow

令牌刷新流程

javascript

app.post('/auth/refresh', async (req, res) => {
  const { refreshToken } = req.cookies;

  try {
    const payload = jwt.verify(refreshToken, process.env.REFRESH_SECRET);
    if (payload.type !== 'refresh') throw new Error('Invalid token type');

    const user = await User.findById(payload.userId);
    const tokens = generateTokens(user);

    res.cookie('accessToken', tokens.accessToken, cookieOptions);
    res.json({ success: true });
  } catch (err) {
    res.status(401).json({ error: 'Invalid refresh token' });
  }
});

javascript

app.post('/auth/refresh', async (req, res) => {
  const { refreshToken } = req.cookies;

  try {
    const payload = jwt.verify(refreshToken, process.env.REFRESH_SECRET);
    if (payload.type !== 'refresh') throw new Error('Invalid token type');

    const user = await User.findById(payload.userId);
    const tokens = generateTokens(user);

    res.cookie('accessToken', tokens.accessToken, cookieOptions);
    res.json({ success: true });
  } catch (err) {
    res.status(401).json({ error: 'Invalid refresh token' });
  }
});

Security Requirements

安全要求

Use HTTPS exclusively
Set httpOnly and sameSite on cookies
Implement proper token expiration
Use strong, unique secrets per environment
Validate signatures on every request

仅使用HTTPS协议
为Cookie设置httpOnly和sameSite属性
实现合理的令牌过期机制
为每个环境使用高强度、唯一的密钥
对每个请求验证签名

Never Do

禁忌操作

Store sensitive data in tokens
Transmit tokens via URL parameters
Use weak or shared secrets
Skip signature validation

在令牌中存储敏感数据
通过URL参数传输令牌
使用弱密钥或共享密钥
跳过签名验证