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Next.js App Router - Production Patterns

Next.js App Router - 生产环境实践模式

Version: Next.js 16.0.3 React Version: 19.2.0 Node.js: 20.9+ Last Verified: 2025-11-21

版本: Next.js 16.0.3 React版本: 19.2.0 Node.js: 20.9+ 最后验证时间: 2025-11-21

When to Use This Skill

何时使用该技能

Use this skill when you need:

Next.js 16 App Router patterns (layouts, loading, error boundaries, routing)
Server Components best practices (data fetching, composition, streaming)
Server Actions patterns (forms, mutations, revalidation, error handling)
Cache Components with
```
"use cache"
```
directive (NEW in Next.js 16)
New caching APIs:
```
revalidateTag()
```
,
```
updateTag()
```
,
```
refresh()
```
(Updated in Next.js 16)
Migration from Next.js 15 to 16 (async params, proxy.ts, parallel routes)
Route Handlers (API endpoints, webhooks, streaming responses)
Proxy patterns (
```
proxy.ts
```
replaces
```
middleware.ts
```
in Next.js 16)
Async route params (
```
params
```
,
```
searchParams
```
,
```
cookies()
```
,
```
headers()
```
now async)
Parallel routes with default.js (breaking change in Next.js 16)
React 19.2 features (View Transitions,
```
useEffectEvent()
```
, React Compiler)
Metadata API (SEO, Open Graph, Twitter Cards, sitemaps)
Image optimization (
```
next/image
```
with updated defaults in Next.js 16)
Performance optimization (lazy loading, code splitting, PPR, ISR)

在以下场景中使用本技能：

Next.js 16 App Router 实践模式（布局、加载状态、错误边界、路由）
Server Components 最佳实践（数据获取、组件组合、流式渲染）
Server Actions 实践模式（表单处理、数据变更、重新验证、错误处理）
带有
```
"use cache"
```
指令的Cache Components（Next.js 16 新增特性）
新缓存API：
```
revalidateTag()
```
、
```
updateTag()
```
、
```
refresh()
```
（Next.js 16 更新）
从Next.js 15迁移到16（异步参数、proxy.ts、并行路由）
Route Handlers（API端点、Webhooks、流式响应）
代理模式（Next.js 16中
```
proxy.ts
```
替代
```
middleware.ts
```
）
异步路由参数（
```
params
```
、
```
searchParams
```
、
```
cookies()
```
、
```
headers()
```
现在为异步方法）
带有default.js的并行路由（Next.js 16中的破坏性变更）
React 19.2 特性（View Transitions、
```
useEffectEvent()
```
、React Compiler）
Metadata API（SEO、Open Graph、Twitter Cards、站点地图）
图片优化（Next.js 16中默认配置更新的
```
next/image
```
）
性能优化（懒加载、代码分割、PPR、ISR）

When NOT to Use This Skill

何时不使用该技能

Do NOT use this skill for:

Cloudflare Workers deployment → Use
```
cloudflare-nextjs
```
skill instead
Pages Router patterns → This skill covers App Router ONLY (Pages Router is legacy)
Authentication libraries → Use
```
clerk-auth
```
,
```
auth-js
```
, or other auth-specific skills
Database integration → Use
```
cloudflare-d1
```
,
```
drizzle-orm-d1
```
, or database-specific skills
UI component libraries → Use
```
tailwind-v4-shadcn
```
skill for Tailwind + shadcn/ui
State management → Use
```
zustand-state-management
```
,
```
tanstack-query
```
skills
Form libraries → Use
```
react-hook-form-zod
```
skill

请勿在以下场景使用本技能：

Cloudflare Workers部署 → 请使用
```
cloudflare-nextjs
```
技能
Pages Router实践模式 → 本技能仅覆盖App Router（Pages Router已属 legacy）
认证库 → 请使用
```
clerk-auth
```
、
```
auth-js
```
或其他认证专属技能
数据库集成 → 请使用
```
cloudflare-d1
```
、
```
drizzle-orm-d1
```
或数据库专属技能
UI组件库 → 请使用
```
tailwind-v4-shadcn
```
技能处理Tailwind + shadcn/ui
状态管理 → 请使用
```
zustand-state-management
```
、
```
tanstack-query
```
技能
表单库 → 请使用
```
react-hook-form-zod
```
技能

Next.js 16 Breaking Changes

Next.js 16 破坏性变更

CRITICAL: Next.js 16 has multiple breaking changes. For detailed migration steps, see

references/next-16-migration-guide.md

Breaking Change	Before	After
Async params	`params.slug`	`const { slug } = await params`
Async headers	`cookies()` sync	`await cookies()`
Middleware	`middleware.ts`	`proxy.ts` (renamed)
Parallel routes	`default.js` optional	`default.js` required
Caching	Auto-cached fetch	Opt-in with `"use cache"`
revalidateTag()	1 argument	2 arguments (tag + cacheLife)
Node.js	18.x+	20.9+ required
React	18.x	19.2+ required

Quick Fix for Async Params:

typescript

// ✅ Next.js 16 pattern
export default async function Page({ params }: { params: Promise<{ id: string }> }) {
  const { id } = await params
  return <div>{id}</div>
}

Codemod:

bunx @next/codemod@canary upgrade latest

See:

references/next-16-migration-guide.md

for complete migration guide with examples.

重要提示：Next.js 16存在多项破坏性变更。详细迁移步骤请查看

references/next-16-migration-guide.md

。

破坏性变更	之前的写法	之后的写法
异步参数	`params.slug`	`const { slug } = await params`
异步headers	`cookies()` 同步调用	`await cookies()`
中间件	`middleware.ts`	`proxy.ts` （重命名）
并行路由	`default.js` 可选	`default.js` 必填
缓存机制	自动缓存fetch请求	通过 `"use cache"` 手动开启
revalidateTag()	1个参数	2个参数（tag + cacheLife）
Node.js版本	18.x+	20.9+ 必填
React版本	18.x	19.2+ 必填

异步参数快速修复:

typescript

// ✅ Next.js 16 写法
export default async function Page({ params }: { params: Promise<{ id: string }> }) {
  const { id } = await params
  return <div>{id}</div>
}

代码转换工具:

bunx @next/codemod@canary upgrade latest

参考:

references/next-16-migration-guide.md

获取包含示例的完整迁移指南。

Cache Components & Caching APIs

Cache Components 与缓存API

"use cache" Directive (NEW in Next.js 16)

"use cache" 指令（Next.js 16 新增）

typescript

'use cache'

export async function BlogPosts() {
  const posts = await db.posts.findMany()
  return posts.map(post => <article key={post.id}>{post.title}</article>)
}

typescript

'use cache'

export async function BlogPosts() {
  const posts = await db.posts.findMany()
  return posts.map(post => <article key={post.id}>{post.title}</article>)
}

Caching APIs Summary

缓存API汇总

API	Purpose	Example
`"use cache"`	Opt-in component/function caching	`'use cache'` at top
`revalidateTag()`	Invalidate by tag	`revalidateTag('posts', 'max')`
`updateTag()`	Update cache without revalidation	`updateTag('posts', newData)`
`refresh()`	Refresh current page	`refresh()`
`revalidatePath()`	Invalidate by path	`revalidatePath('/posts')`

API	用途	示例
`"use cache"`	手动开启组件/函数缓存	在顶部添加 `'use cache'`
`revalidateTag()`	按标签失效缓存	`revalidateTag('posts', 'max')`
`updateTag()`	更新缓存无需重新验证	`updateTag('posts', newData)`
`refresh()`	刷新当前页面	`refresh()`
`revalidatePath()`	按路径失效缓存	`revalidatePath('/posts')`

PPR (Partial Prerendering)

PPR（部分预渲染）

typescript

// next.config.ts
const config = { experimental: { ppr: true } }

// page.tsx
export const experimental_ppr = true

export default function Page() {
  return (
    <>
      <StaticHeader />
      <Suspense fallback={<Skeleton />}>
        <DynamicContent />
      </Suspense>
    </>
  )
}

See:

references/caching-apis.md

for complete caching API reference with ISR, tag-based revalidation, and advanced patterns.

typescript

// next.config.ts
const config = { experimental: { ppr: true } }

// page.tsx
export const experimental_ppr = true

export default function Page() {
  return (
    <>
      <StaticHeader />
      <Suspense fallback={<Skeleton />}>
        <DynamicContent />
      </Suspense>
    </>
  )
}

参考:

references/caching-apis.md

获取包含ISR、基于标签的重新验证和进阶模式的完整缓存API参考。

Server Components

Server Components are the default in App Router. They run on the server and can fetch data, access databases, and keep logic server-side.

typescript

// app/posts/page.tsx (Server Component by default)
export default async function PostsPage() {
  const posts = await db.posts.findMany()
  return <div>{posts.map(p => <article key={p.id}>{p.title}</article>)}</div>
}

Server Components是App Router中的默认组件类型。它们在服务器端运行，可进行数据获取、访问数据库，并将逻辑保留在服务端。

typescript

// app/posts/page.tsx（默认是Server Component）
export default async function PostsPage() {
  const posts = await db.posts.findMany()
  return <div>{posts.map(p => <article key={p.id}>{p.title}</article>)}</div>
}

Streaming with Suspense

结合Suspense实现流式渲染

typescript

import { Suspense } from 'react'

export default function Page() {
  return (
    <div>
      <Header />
      <Suspense fallback={<Skeleton />}>
        <Posts />
      </Suspense>
    </div>
  )
}

typescript

import { Suspense } from 'react'

export default function Page() {
  return (
    <div>
      <Header />
      <Suspense fallback={<Skeleton />}>
        <Posts />
      </Suspense>
    </div>
  )
}

Server vs Client Components

Server Components vs Client Components

Server Components	Client Components
Data fetching, DB access	Interactivity (onClick)
Sensitive logic	React hooks (useState)
Large dependencies	Browser APIs
Static content	Real-time updates

Client Component (requires

'use client'

typescript

'use client'
import { useState } from 'react'
export function Counter() {
  const [count, setCount] = useState(0)
  return <button onClick={() => setCount(count + 1)}>{count}</button>
}

Server Components	Client Components
数据获取、数据库访问	交互逻辑（如onClick）
敏感逻辑处理	React钩子（如useState）
可引入大体积依赖	浏览器API调用
静态内容渲染	实时更新

Client Component（需添加

'use client'

）:

typescript

'use client'
import { useState } from 'react'
export function Counter() {
  const [count, setCount] = useState(0)
  return <button onClick={() => setCount(count + 1)}>{count}</button>
}

Server Actions

Server Actions are async functions that run on the server, callable from Client or Server Components.

Server Actions是运行在服务器端的异步函数，可从Client或Server Components中调用。

Basic Server Action

基础Server Action

typescript

// app/actions.ts
'use server'

import { revalidatePath } from 'next/cache'

export async function createPost(formData: FormData) {
  const title = formData.get('title') as string
  await db.posts.create({ data: { title } })
  revalidatePath('/posts')
}

typescript

// app/actions.ts
'use server'

import { revalidatePath } from 'next/cache'

export async function createPost(formData: FormData) {
  const title = formData.get('title') as string
  await db.posts.create({ data: { title } })
  revalidatePath('/posts')
}

Form Handling

表单处理

typescript

// Server Component Form (simplest)
import { createPost } from './actions'

export default function NewPostPage() {
  return (
    <form action={createPost}>
      <input name="title" required />
      <button type="submit">Create</button>
    </form>
  )
}

typescript

// Server Component表单（最简写法）
import { createPost } from './actions'

export default function NewPostPage() {
  return (
    <form action={createPost}>
      <input name="title" required />
      <button type="submit">创建文章</button>
    </form>
  )
}

Available Patterns

可用实践模式

Pattern	Use Case	Reference
Client Form with Loading	useFormState + useFormStatus	`templates/server-action-form.tsx`
Error Handling	Return { error } or { success }	`references/server-actions-patterns.md`
Optimistic Updates	useOptimistic hook	`references/server-actions-patterns.md`
File Upload	FormData + blob storage	`references/server-actions-patterns.md`
Redirect After Action	redirect() function	`references/server-actions-patterns.md`

See:

references/server-actions-patterns.md

for error handling, optimistic updates, file uploads, and advanced patterns.

模式	使用场景	参考
带加载状态的客户端表单	useFormState + useFormStatus	`templates/server-action-form.tsx`
错误处理	返回{ error }或{ success }	`references/server-actions-patterns.md`
乐观更新	useOptimistic钩子	`references/server-actions-patterns.md`
文件上传	FormData + blob存储	`references/server-actions-patterns.md`
操作后重定向	redirect()函数	`references/server-actions-patterns.md`

参考:

references/server-actions-patterns.md

获取错误处理、乐观更新、文件上传和进阶模式的内容。

Route Handlers

Route Handlers are the App Router equivalent of API Routes.

typescript

// app/api/posts/route.ts
export async function GET(request: Request) {
  const posts = await db.posts.findMany()
  return Response.json({ posts })
}

export async function POST(request: Request) {
  const body = await request.json()
  const post = await db.posts.create({ data: body })
  return Response.json({ post }, { status: 201 })
}

Dynamic Routes (with async params):

typescript

// app/api/posts/[id]/route.ts
export async function GET(
  request: Request,
  { params }: { params: Promise<{ id: string }> }
) {
  const { id } = await params // Await in Next.js 16
  const post = await db.posts.findUnique({ where: { id } })
  return post ? Response.json({ post }) : Response.json({ error: 'Not found' }, { status: 404 })
}

See:

templates/route-handler-api.ts

for search params, webhooks, and streaming patterns.

Route Handlers是App Router版本的API Routes。

typescript

// app/api/posts/route.ts
export async function GET(request: Request) {
  const posts = await db.posts.findMany()
  return Response.json({ posts })
}

export async function POST(request: Request) {
  const body = await request.json()
  const post = await db.posts.create({ data: body })
  return Response.json({ post }, { status: 201 })
}

动态路由（带异步参数）:

typescript

// app/api/posts/[id]/route.ts
export async function GET(
  request: Request,
  { params }: { params: Promise<{ id: string }> }
) {
  const { id } = await params // Next.js 16中需await
  const post = await db.posts.findUnique({ where: { id } })
  return post ? Response.json({ post }) : Response.json({ error: '未找到' }, { status: 404 })
}

参考:

templates/route-handler-api.ts

获取搜索参数、Webhooks和流式响应模式。

React 19.2 Features

React 19.2 特性

Feature	Usage
React Compiler	`experimental: { reactCompiler: true }` - Auto-memoization
View Transitions	`useTransition()` + `router.push()`
useEffectEvent	Stable event handlers without deps

特性	使用方式
React Compiler	`experimental: { reactCompiler: true }` - 自动记忆化
View Transitions	`useTransition()` + `router.push()`
useEffectEvent	无需依赖项的稳定事件处理器

Metadata API

typescript

// Static metadata
export const metadata: Metadata = {
  title: 'My Blog',
  description: 'A blog about Next.js',
  openGraph: { title: 'My Blog', images: ['/og-image.jpg'] },
}

// Dynamic metadata (await params in Next.js 16)
export async function generateMetadata({ params }: { params: Promise<{ id: string }> }) {
  const { id } = await params
  const post = await db.posts.findUnique({ where: { id } })
  return { title: post.title, description: post.excerpt }
}

typescript

// 静态metadata
export const metadata: Metadata = {
  title: '我的博客',
  description: '关于Next.js的博客',
  openGraph: { title: '我的博客', images: ['/og-image.jpg'] },
}

// 动态metadata（Next.js 16中需await params）
export async function generateMetadata({ params }: { params: Promise<{ id: string }> }) {
  const { id } = await params
  const post = await db.posts.findUnique({ where: { id } })
  return { title: post.title, description: post.excerpt }
}

Image & Font Optimization

图片与字体优化

typescript

// next/image
import Image from 'next/image'
<Image src="/profile.jpg" alt="Profile" width={500} height={500} priority />

// next/font
import { Inter } from 'next/font/google'
const inter = Inter({ subsets: ['latin'], variable: '--font-inter' })
<html className={inter.variable}>

Remote images: Configure

images.remotePatterns

next.config.ts

typescript

// next/image
import Image from 'next/image'
<Image src="/profile.jpg" alt="头像" width={500} height={500} priority />

// next/font
import { Inter } from 'next/font/google'
const inter = Inter({ subsets: ['latin'], variable: '--font-inter' })
<html className={inter.variable}>

远程图片: 在

next.config.ts

中配置

images.remotePatterns

。

Top 5 Critical Errors

Top 5 关键错误

Error 1:

params

is a Promise

错误1:

params

是Promise

Error:

Type 'Promise<{ id: string }>' is not assignable to type '{ id: string }'

Solution: Await params in Next.js 16:

typescript

export default async function Page({ params }: { params: Promise<{ id: string }> }) {
  const { id } = await params
}

错误信息:

Type 'Promise<{ id: string }>' is not assignable to type '{ id: string }'

解决方案: 在Next.js 16中await params:

typescript

export default async function Page({ params }: { params: Promise<{ id: string }> }) {
  const { id } = await params
}

Error 2:

middleware.ts

is deprecated

错误2:

middleware.ts

已废弃

Warning:

middleware.ts is deprecated. Use proxy.ts instead.

Solution: Rename file and function:

typescript

// Rename: middleware.ts → proxy.ts
// Rename function: middleware → proxy
export function proxy(request: NextRequest) {
  // Same logic
}

警告信息:

middleware.ts is deprecated. Use proxy.ts instead.

解决方案: 重命名文件和函数:

typescript

// 重命名: middleware.ts → proxy.ts
// 重命名函数: middleware → proxy
export function proxy(request: NextRequest) {
  // 逻辑保持不变
}

Error 3: Parallel route missing

default.js

错误3: 并行路由缺少

default.js

Error:

Parallel route @modal was matched but no default.js was found

Solution: Add default.tsx:

typescript

// app/@modal/default.tsx
export default function ModalDefault() {
  return null
}

错误信息:

Parallel route @modal was matched but no default.js was found

解决方案: 添加default.tsx:

typescript

// app/@modal/default.tsx
export default function ModalDefault() {
  return null
}

Error 4: Cannot use React hooks in Server Component

错误4: 无法在Server Component中使用React钩子

Error:

You're importing a component that needs useState. It only works in a Client Component

Solution: Add

'use client'

typescript

'use client'

import { useState } from 'react'

export function Counter() {
  const [count, setCount] = useState(0)
  return <button onClick={() => setCount(count + 1)}>{count}</button>
}

错误信息:

You're importing a component that needs useState. It only works in a Client Component

解决方案: 添加

'use client'

typescript

'use client'

import { useState } from 'react'

export function Counter() {
  const [count, setCount] = useState(0)
  return <button onClick={() => setCount(count + 1)}>{count}</button>
}

Error 5:

fetch()

not caching

错误5:

fetch()

未缓存

Cause: Next.js 16 uses opt-in caching with

"use cache"

Solution: Add

"use cache"

directive:

typescript

'use cache'

export async function getPosts() {
  const response = await fetch('/api/posts')
  return response.json()
}

See All 18 Errors:

references/error-catalog.md

原因: Next.js 16使用

"use cache"

手动开启缓存。

解决方案: 添加

"use cache"

指令:

typescript

'use cache'

export async function getPosts() {
  const response = await fetch('/api/posts')
  return response.json()
}

查看全部18个错误:

references/error-catalog.md

Performance Patterns

性能优化实践

Pattern	Usage
Lazy Loading	`const HeavyComp = dynamic(() => import('./Heavy'), { ssr: false })`
Code Splitting	Automatic per route - each `page.tsx` gets own bundle
Turbopack	Default in Next.js 16, opt out with `--webpack` flag
PPR	`experimental: { ppr: true }` + `<Suspense>` boundaries

模式	使用方式
懒加载	`const HeavyComp = dynamic(() => import('./Heavy'), { ssr: false })`
代码分割	按路由自动分割 - 每个 `page.tsx` 拥有独立打包文件
Turbopack	Next.js 16默认使用，通过 `--webpack` 标志可切换回Webpack
PPR	`experimental: { ppr: true }` + `<Suspense>` 边界

TypeScript Configuration

TypeScript 配置

json

{
  "compilerOptions": {
    "strict": true,
    "baseUrl": ".",
    "paths": { "@/*": ["./*"] }
  }
}

json

{
  "compilerOptions": {
    "strict": true,
    "baseUrl": ".",
    "paths": { "@/*": ["./*"] }
  }
}

When to Load References

何时加载参考文档

Reference	Load When...
`next-16-migration-guide.md`	Migrating from Next.js 15, async params errors, proxy.ts setup
`server-actions-patterns.md`	Error handling, optimistic updates, file uploads, advanced forms
`caching-apis.md`	ISR, tag-based revalidation, updateTag(), refresh(), PPR details
`error-catalog.md`	Debugging any Next.js error, comprehensive error solutions
`top-errors.md`	Quick fixes for the 5 most common Next.js errors

参考文档	加载时机...
`next-16-migration-guide.md`	从Next.js 15迁移、遇到异步参数错误、配置proxy.ts时
`server-actions-patterns.md`	处理错误、乐观更新、文件上传、进阶表单时
`caching-apis.md`	处理ISR、基于标签的重新验证、updateTag()、refresh()、PPR细节时
`error-catalog.md`	调试任何Next.js错误、获取全面错误解决方案时
`top-errors.md`	获取5个最常见Next.js错误的快速修复时

Bundled Resources

内置资源

Type Files

Type	Files
References	`error-catalog.md` , `top-errors.md` , `next-16-migration-guide.md` , `server-actions-patterns.md` , `caching-apis.md`
Templates	`async-params-page.tsx` , `server-action-form.tsx` , `route-handler-api.ts` , `cache-component-use-cache.tsx` , `parallel-routes-with-default.tsx` , `proxy-migration.ts`

References

error-catalog.md

top-errors.md

next-16-migration-guide.md

server-actions-patterns.md

caching-apis.md

Templates

async-params-page.tsx

server-action-form.tsx

route-handler-api.ts

cache-component-use-cache.tsx

parallel-routes-with-default.tsx

proxy-migration.ts

类型文件

类型	文件
参考文档	`error-catalog.md` , `top-errors.md` , `next-16-migration-guide.md` , `server-actions-patterns.md` , `caching-apis.md`
模板	`async-params-page.tsx` , `server-action-form.tsx` , `route-handler-api.ts` , `cache-component-use-cache.tsx` , `parallel-routes-with-default.tsx` , `proxy-migration.ts`

参考文档

error-catalog.md

top-errors.md

next-16-migration-guide.md

server-actions-patterns.md

caching-apis.md

模板

async-params-page.tsx

server-action-form.tsx

route-handler-api.ts

cache-component-use-cache.tsx

parallel-routes-with-default.tsx

proxy-migration.ts

Skill	Purpose
`cloudflare-nextjs`	Deploy to Cloudflare Workers
`tailwind-v4-shadcn`	Styling
`clerk-auth`	Authentication
`drizzle-orm-d1`	Database
`react-hook-form-zod`	Forms
`zustand-state-management`	Client state

技能	用途
`cloudflare-nextjs`	部署到Cloudflare Workers
`tailwind-v4-shadcn`	样式处理
`clerk-auth`	认证功能
`drizzle-orm-d1`	数据库集成
`react-hook-form-zod`	表单处理
`zustand-state-management`	客户端状态管理

nextjs

Original

Translation

Next.js App Router - Production Patterns

Next.js App Router - 生产环境实践模式

Table of Contents

目录

When to Use This Skill

何时使用该技能

When NOT to Use This Skill

何时不使用该技能

Next.js 16 Breaking Changes

Next.js 16 破坏性变更

Cache Components & Caching APIs

Cache Components 与缓存API

"use cache" Directive (NEW in Next.js 16)

"use cache" 指令（Next.js 16 新增）

Caching APIs Summary

缓存API汇总

PPR (Partial Prerendering)

PPR（部分预渲染）

Server Components

Server Components

Streaming with Suspense

结合Suspense实现流式渲染

Server vs Client Components

Server Components vs Client Components

Server Actions

Server Actions

Basic Server Action

基础Server Action

Form Handling

表单处理

Available Patterns

可用实践模式

Route Handlers

Route Handlers

React 19.2 Features

React 19.2 特性

Metadata API

Metadata API

Image & Font Optimization

图片与字体优化

Top 5 Critical Errors

Top 5 关键错误

Error 1: params is a Promise

错误1: params是Promise

Error 2: middleware.ts is deprecated

错误2: middleware.ts已废弃

Error 3: Parallel route missing default.js

错误3: 并行路由缺少default.js

Error 4: Cannot use React hooks in Server Component

错误4: 无法在Server Component中使用React钩子

Error 5: fetch() not caching

错误5: fetch()未缓存

Performance Patterns

性能优化实践

TypeScript Configuration

TypeScript 配置

When to Load References

何时加载参考文档

Bundled Resources

内置资源

Related Skills

相关技能

Error 1:
`params`
is a Promise

错误1:
`params`
是Promise

Error 2:
`middleware.ts`
is deprecated

错误2:
`middleware.ts`
已废弃

Error 3: Parallel route missing
`default.js`

错误3: 并行路由缺少
`default.js`

Error 5:
`fetch()`
not caching

错误5:
`fetch()`
未缓存