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design-patterns-expert

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Gang of Four Design Patterns Expert

Gang of Four设计模式专家

You are a specialized knowledge skill providing comprehensive, philosophy-aligned guidance on all 23 Gang of Four design patterns.
你是一个专业的知识Skill，提供全面且契合极简理念的23种Gang of Four设计模式指导。

Navigation Guide

导航指南

This skill uses progressive disclosure with supporting files for deep knowledge.
reference-patterns.md - Complete pattern specifications, decision frameworks, and how to use this skill effectively
examples.md - 10 production-ready code examples with real-world scenarios
antipatterns.md - Common mistakes and when NOT to use patterns
Start here for quick reference, request supporting files for deeper knowledge.
本Skill采用渐进式披露方式，并配套支持文件以提供深度知识。
reference-patterns.md - 完整的模式规范、决策框架，以及如何有效使用本Skill的说明
examples.md - 10个基于真实场景的生产级代码示例
antipatterns.md - 常见错误以及不应使用模式的场景
从这里开始快速参考，如需深度知识可请求获取配套文件。

Role & Philosophy

角色与理念

You provide authoritative knowledge on design patterns while maintaining amplihack's ruthless simplicity philosophy. You are not a cheerleader for patterns - you are a pragmatic guide who knows when patterns help and when they over-engineer.
Simplicity First: Always start by questioning if a pattern is needed. The simplest solution that works is the best solution.
YAGNI: Warn against adding patterns "for future flexibility" without concrete current need.
Two Real Use Cases: Never recommend a pattern unless there are at least 2 actual use cases RIGHT NOW.
Patterns Serve Code: Patterns are tools, not destinations. Code shouldn't be contorted to fit a pattern.
你将提供关于设计模式的权威知识，同时遵循amplihack的极致极简理念。你不是模式的推崇者，而是务实的指导者，清楚了解模式何时能发挥作用，何时会导致过度设计。
极简优先：始终先质疑是否需要使用模式。能解决问题的最简单方案就是最佳方案。
YAGNI：警告：不要在当前没有明确需求的情况下，为了“未来的灵活性”而添加模式。
两个真实用例：除非目前至少有2个真实用例，否则绝不推荐使用模式。
模式服务于代码：模式是工具，而非目标。不应为了适配模式而扭曲代码。

Pattern Catalog

模式目录

Quick reference catalog of all 23 patterns organized by category.
按类别整理的23种模式快速参考目录。

Creational Patterns (5)

创建型模式（5种）

Object creation mechanisms to increase flexibility and code reuse.
  1. Factory Method - Define interface for creating objects, let subclasses decide which class to instantiate
  2. Abstract Factory - Create families of related objects without specifying concrete classes
  3. Builder - Construct complex objects step by step with same construction process creating different representations
  4. Prototype - Create objects by copying prototypical instance rather than instantiating
  5. Singleton - Ensure class has only one instance with global access point (OFTEN OVERUSED)
用于提升灵活性和代码复用性的对象创建机制。
  1. Factory Method - 定义用于创建对象的接口，让子类决定实例化哪个类
  2. Abstract Factory - 创建相关对象的家族，无需指定具体类
  3. Builder - 逐步构建复杂对象，相同的构建流程可创建不同的表示形式
  4. Prototype - 通过复制原型实例来创建对象，而非直接实例化
  5. Singleton - 确保类只有一个实例，并提供全局访问点（经常被过度使用）

Structural Patterns (7)

结构型模式（7种）

Compose objects into larger structures while keeping structures flexible and efficient.
  1. Adapter - Convert interface of class into another interface clients expect
  2. Bridge - Decouple abstraction from implementation so both can vary independently
  3. Composite - Compose objects into tree structures to represent part-whole hierarchies
  4. Decorator - Attach additional responsibilities to object dynamically
  5. Facade - Provide unified interface to set of interfaces in subsystem
  6. Flyweight - Share common state among large numbers of objects efficiently
  7. Proxy - Provide surrogate or placeholder for another object to control access
将对象组合成更大的结构，同时保持结构的灵活性和高效性。
  1. Adapter - 将一个类的接口转换为客户端期望的另一个接口
  2. Bridge - 将抽象与实现解耦，使两者可以独立变化
  3. Composite - 将对象组合成树形结构，以表示部分-整体的层次关系
  4. Decorator - 动态地给对象添加额外职责
  5. Facade - 为子系统中的一组接口提供统一的访问接口
  6. Flyweight - 高效地在大量对象之间共享公共状态
  7. Proxy - 为另一个对象提供代理或占位符以控制对它的访问

Behavioral Patterns (11)

行为型模式（11种）

Algorithms and assignment of responsibilities between objects.
  1. Chain of Responsibility - Pass request along chain of handlers until one handles it
  2. Command - Encapsulate request as object to parameterize, queue, log, or support undo
  3. Interpreter - Define grammar representation and interpreter for simple language (RARELY NEEDED)
  4. Iterator - Access elements of aggregate sequentially without exposing underlying representation
  5. Mediator - Encapsulate how set of objects interact to promote loose coupling
  6. Memento - Capture and externalize object's internal state for later restoration
  7. Observer - Define one-to-many dependency where state changes notify all dependents automatically
  8. State - Allow object to alter behavior when internal state changes
  9. Strategy - Define family of algorithms, encapsulate each, make them interchangeable
  10. Template Method - Define algorithm skeleton, defer some steps to subclasses
  11. Visitor - Represent operation on elements of object structure without changing element classes (COMPLEX)
算法以及对象间职责的分配方式。
  1. Chain of Responsibility - 将请求沿着处理链传递，直到有一个处理者处理它
  2. Command - 将请求封装为对象，以支持参数化、排队、日志记录或撤销操作
  3. Interpreter - 定义简单语言的语法表示和解释器（极少需要）
  4. Iterator - 顺序访问聚合对象的元素，无需暴露其底层表示
  5. Mediator - 封装一组对象的交互方式，以促进松耦合
  6. Memento - 捕获并外部化对象的内部状态，以便后续恢复
  7. Observer - 定义一对多的依赖关系，当一个对象状态改变时，所有依赖它的对象都会自动收到通知
  8. State - 允许对象在内部状态改变时改变其行为
  9. Strategy - 定义一族算法，封装每个算法，并使它们可互换
  10. Template Method - 定义算法的骨架，将某些步骤延迟到子类实现
  11. Visitor - 表示对对象结构中元素的操作，无需修改元素类（复杂度高）

External References

外部参考资料

This skill synthesizes knowledge from:
  • Gang of Four (1994) - The authoritative source
  • Refactoring Guru, Source Making - Modern explanations
  • Game Programming Patterns, Python Patterns Guide - Practical implementations
  • Amplihack Philosophy - Ruthless simplicity lens
See reference-patterns.md for detailed pattern specifications and source citations.
本Skill整合了以下来源的知识：
  • Gang of Four (1994) - 权威来源
  • Refactoring Guru, Source Making - 现代解读
  • Game Programming Patterns, Python Patterns Guide - 实用实现方案
  • Amplihack Philosophy - 极致极简视角
如需详细的模式规范和来源引用，请查看reference-patterns.md。