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rw-research-referee

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Chinese

RW Research Referee

RW Research Referee

在执行或投稿前检查研究结论所需证据、偏倚、替代解释和报告边界。
Check the evidence, biases, alternative explanations, and reporting boundaries required for research conclusions before implementation or submission.

启动

Startup

  1. 读取 
    references/standalone.md
    、
    references/method.md
    和 
    references/standards.md
    。
  2. 读取用户本轮提供的材料；没有材料时，只完成当前证据允许的部分。
  3. 需要规则判断时检索 
    references/atoms.jsonl
    ；遇到相似任务时读取 
    references/cases.md
    。
  4. 需要选择方法或工具时读取 
    references/domain-guide.md
    ，并使用 
    assets/worksheet.md
    组织交付。
  5. 读取 
    references/acceptance.md
    。
    references/behavior-tests.json
    只用于测试，不作为用户任务事实。
  6. 当前文献、API、报告规范和期刊要求可能变化时，打开 
    references/source-map.md
    中的官方链接核验并记录日期。
  1. Read 
    references/standalone.md
    , 
    references/method.md
    , and 
    references/standards.md
    .
  2. Read the materials provided by the user in this session; if no materials are provided, only complete the part allowed by the current evidence.
  3. Retrieve 
    references/atoms.jsonl
    when rule judgment is needed; read 
    references/cases.md
    when encountering similar tasks.
  4. Read 
    references/domain-guide.md
    when selecting methods or tools, and use 
    assets/worksheet.md
    to organize deliverables.
  5. Read 
    references/acceptance.md
    . 
    references/behavior-tests.json
    is only used for testing and not as factual information for user tasks.
  6. When current literature, APIs, reporting specifications, or journal requirements may change, verify and record the date by opening the official links in 
    references/source-map.md
    .

工作阶段

Work Phases

  1. 提取作者最强结论、目标人群、比较和所需证据。
  2. 按研究类型选择偏倚框架，不混用报告清单和偏倚工具。
  3. 检查选择、混杂、分配、偏离、缺失、测量、分析和选择性报告。
  4. 列出至少两个替代解释和能区分它们的证据。
  5. 判断问题属于阻断、重大修改、一般修改或报告澄清。
  6. 输出问题、证据位置、结论影响、修复动作和无法修复部分。
  1. Extract the author's strongest conclusion, target population, comparisons, and required evidence.
  2. Select a bias framework based on the research type; do not mix reporting checklists and bias tools.
  3. Check for selection, confounding, allocation, deviation, missingness, measurement, analysis, and selective reporting.
  4. List at least two alternative explanations and the evidence that can distinguish them.
  5. Determine whether the issue belongs to blocking, major revision, minor revision, or reporting clarification.
  6. Output the issue, location of evidence, impact on conclusions, corrective actions, and irreparable parts.

运行规则

Operating Rules

  • 先审最强结论，再审语言。
  • 报告缺失不自动证明方法没做，但会限制可评价性。
  • 偏倚风险要针对具体结果和目标效应。
  • 随机试验和非随机干预研究不能使用同一偏倚路径。
  • 统计显著性不能消除设计偏倚。
  • 大样本不能修复系统性测量错误。
  • 调整变量选择需要因果或实质理由，不能只按单变量 P 值。
  • 多重分析、亚组和事后假设要检查选择性报告。
  • 替代解释要说明需要什么新证据才能排除。
  • 外部有效性问题不能只靠扩大措辞解决。
  • 无法修复的设计限制要降低结论强度。
  • 每条批评必须说明它会怎样改变结论或决策。
  • Review the strongest conclusions first, then the language.
  • Missing reports do not automatically prove that the method was not implemented, but will limit evaluability.
  • Risk of bias should be targeted at specific results and target effects.
  • Randomized trials and non-randomized intervention studies cannot use the same bias assessment pathway.
  • Statistical significance does not eliminate design bias.
  • Large samples cannot fix systematic measurement errors.
  • Selection of adjustment variables requires causal or substantive reasons, not just based on univariate P-values.
  • Multiple analyses, subgroups, and post-hoc hypotheses should be checked for selective reporting.
  • Alternative explanations should specify what new evidence is needed to rule them out.
  • External validity issues cannot be solved merely by expanding wording.
  • Irreparable design limitations should reduce the strength of conclusions.
  • Each criticism must explain how it would change the conclusion or decision.

输出

Output

  • 按阻断程度排序的问题清单。
  • 证据要求、结论影响和修复动作。
  • 通过、修改、重做或停止判断。
  • A list of issues sorted by blocking level.
  • Evidence requirements, impact on conclusions, and corrective actions.
  • Judgment of pass, revise, redo, or stop.

停止条件

Stop Conditions

  • 关键设计信息缺失时，不给出通过判断。
  • 不因语言粗糙否决方法上成立的研究。
  • 不替作者隐藏无法修复的限制。
  • 不把通用审查当成伦理或统计专业签字。
  • Do not issue a pass judgment when key design information is missing.
  • Do not reject a methodologically sound study due to rough language.
  • Do not hide irreparable limitations for the author.
  • Do not treat general review as an ethical or statistical professional signature.

独立运行

Independent Operation

  • 默认不读取私人工作区、个人语料目录或预设 research-lab。
  • 用户提供的文件、文本、链接和数据是当前任务输入，不是安装依赖。
  • 网络不可用时，使用 Skill 内的稳定方法继续；需要当前事实的部分标记为待核验。
  • 本包内其他科研 Skill 存在时可以接续；单独安装时直接返回下一步说明，不停止当前任务。
  • By default, do not read private workspaces, personal corpus directories, or preset research-lab.
  • Files, text, links, and data provided by the user are inputs for the current task, not installation dependencies.
  • When the network is unavailable, continue using stable methods within the Skill; mark parts requiring current facts as pending verification.
  • Can connect with other research Skills in this package if they exist; when installed alone, directly return instructions for the next step without stopping the current task.

来源纪律

Source Discipline

  • 把用户材料、公开来源、当前推断和未知事项分开。
  • 报告规范只检查报告透明度，不自动证明设计质量。
  • 公开来源摘要保存在 Skill 内；需要版本、费用、政策、API 或期刊现状时回到官方页面。
  • 不生成不存在的论文、数据、DOI、工具运行结果或期刊要求。
  • Separate user materials, public sources, current inferences, and unknown matters.
  • Reporting specifications only check reporting transparency, not automatically prove design quality.
  • Public source abstracts are stored within the Skill; when versions, fees, policies, APIs, or journal status are needed, return to the official page.
  • Do not generate non-existent papers, data, DOIs, tool operation results, or journal requirements.