install-flutter-from-git

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Install Flutter from Git

从Git安装Flutter

This skill guides you through installing the Flutter SDK using

git clone

and setting up the environment for Web, Mobile, and Desktop development.

本指南将引导你使用

git clone

安装Flutter SDK，并为Web、移动和桌面开发配置环境。

1. Prerequisites (All Platforms)

1. 前置条件（全平台）

Ensure you have the following installed:

Git: Install Git
Curl/Unzip (macOS/Linux usually have these; Windows usually needs Git Bash or similar)

确保你已安装以下工具：

Git：安装Git
Curl/Unzip（macOS/Linux通常已预装；Windows通常需要Git Bash或类似工具）

2. Install Flutter SDK

2. 安装Flutter SDK

macOS / Linux

Open your terminal and run the following commands to clone the stable branch of the Flutter SDK.

bash

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打开终端，运行以下命令克隆Flutter SDK的稳定分支。

bash

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Create a directory for development (e.g., ~/development)

创建开发目录（例如：~/development）

mkdir -p ~/development cd ~/development

Clone the Flutter SDK

克隆Flutter SDK

git clone https://github.com/flutter/flutter.git -b stable

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git clone https://github.com/flutter/flutter.git -b stable

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Windows

Open PowerShell or Command Prompt.

powershell

undefined

打开PowerShell或命令提示符。

powershell

undefined

Create a directory for development (e.g., C:\src)

创建开发目录（例如：C:\src）

mkdir C:\src cd C:\src

Clone the Flutter SDK

克隆Flutter SDK

git clone https://github.com/flutter/flutter.git -b stable

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git clone https://github.com/flutter/flutter.git -b stable

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3. Add Flutter to PATH

3. 将Flutter添加至PATH

To run

flutter

commands from any terminal, you must add the SDK's

bin

directory to your PATH.

要在任意终端中运行

flutter

命令，你需要将SDK的

bin

目录添加至系统PATH。

macOS (Zsh) / Linux (Bash/Zsh)

macOS（Zsh）/ Linux（Bash/Zsh）

Open your shell configuration file (e.g.,
```
~/.zshrc
```
,
```
~/.bashrc
```
, or
```
~/.zshenv
```
).

Add the following line (replace

~/development/flutter

with your actual path):

bash

export PATH="$PATH:$HOME/development/flutter/bin"

Refresh your current terminal:
bash
```
source ~/.zshrc  # or ~/.bashrc
```

打开你的shell配置文件（例如：
```
~/.zshrc
```
、
```
~/.bashrc
```
或
```
~/.zshenv
```
）。

添加以下行（将

~/development/flutter

替换为你的实际路径）：

bash

export PATH="$PATH:$HOME/development/flutter/bin"

刷新当前终端：
bash
```
source ~/.zshrc  # 或 ~/.bashrc
```

Windows

Press
```
Win + S
```
, type "env", and select Edit the system environment variables.
Click Environment Variables.
Under User variables, select Path and click Edit.
Click New and add the full path to
```
flutter\bin
```
(e.g.,
```
C:\src\flutter\bin
```
).
Click OK on all windows.
Restart your terminal/PowerShell.

按下
```
Win + S
```
，输入“环境变量”，选择编辑系统环境变量。
点击环境变量。
在用户变量下，选择Path并点击Edit。
点击New，添加
```
flutter\bin
```
的完整路径（例如：
```
C:\src\flutter\bin
```
）。
点击所有窗口的OK。
重启你的终端/PowerShell。

4. Verify Installation

4. 验证安装

Run the following command to check for missing dependencies:

bash

flutter doctor

运行以下命令检查缺失的依赖：

bash

flutter doctor

5. Platform Setup

5. 平台配置

Web (Chrome)

Web（Chrome）

Install Chrome: Ensure Google Chrome is installed.
Enable Web Support (usually enabled by default):
bash
```
flutter config --enable-web
```
Verify: Run
```
flutter devices
```
to see "Chrome" listed.

安装Chrome：确保已安装Google Chrome。
启用Web支持（通常默认已启用）：
bash
```
flutter config --enable-web
```
验证：运行
```
flutter devices
```
查看是否列出“Chrome”。

Mobile (iOS & Android)

移动平台（iOS & Android）

iOS (macOS only)

iOS（仅macOS）

Install Xcode: Download from the Mac App Store.

Configure Command Line Tools:

bash

sudo xcode-select --switch /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer
sudo xcodebuild -runFirstLaunch

Install CocoaPods (for dependency management):
bash
```
sudo gem install cocoapods
```
Simulator: Open via
```
open -a Simulator
```
.

安装Xcode：从Mac App Store下载。

配置命令行工具：

bash

sudo xcode-select --switch /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer
sudo xcodebuild -runFirstLaunch

安装CocoaPods（用于依赖管理）：
bash
```
sudo gem install cocoapods
```
模拟器：通过
```
open -a Simulator
```
打开。

Android (All Operating Systems)

Android（全操作系统）

Install Android Studio: Download here.
Install SDK Components:
- Open Android Studio -> SDK Manager.
- Install Android SDK Platform-Tools.
- Install Android SDK Command-line Tools (latest).
Accept Licenses:
bash
```
flutter doctor --android-licenses
```
(Press
```
y
```
to accept all licences).
Emulator: Create a device in AVD Manager.

安装Android Studio：点击下载。
安装SDK组件：
- 打开Android Studio -> SDK管理器。
- 安装Android SDK Platform-Tools。
- 安装Android SDK Command-line Tools（最新版）。
接受许可证：
bash
```
flutter doctor --android-licenses
```
(按
```
y
```
接受所有许可证).
模拟器：在AVD管理器中创建设备。

Desktop (macOS, Windows, Linux)

桌面平台（macOS、Windows、Linux）

macOS Desktop

macOS桌面

Install Xcode: (Same as iOS steps above).
Enable macOS:
bash
```
flutter config --enable-macos-desktop
```

安装Xcode：（与iOS步骤相同）。
启用macOS支持：
bash
```
flutter config --enable-macos-desktop
```

Windows Desktop

Windows桌面

Install Visual Studio (not VS Code): Download VS Community.
Workloads: When installing, select Desktop development with C++.
Enable Windows:
bash
```
flutter config --enable-windows-desktop
```

安装Visual Studio（非VS Code）：下载VS社区版。
工作负载：安装时选择使用C++的桌面开发。
启用Windows支持：
bash
```
flutter config --enable-windows-desktop
```

Linux Desktop

Linux桌面

Install Dependencies (Ubuntu/Debian example):

bash

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install clang cmake ninja-build pkg-config libgtk-3-dev liblzma-dev

Enable Linux:
bash
```
flutter config --enable-linux-desktop
```

安装依赖（Ubuntu/Debian示例）：

bash

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install clang cmake ninja-build pkg-config libgtk-3-dev liblzma-dev

启用Linux支持：
bash
```
flutter config --enable-linux-desktop
```

6. Final Check

6. 最终检查

Run

flutter doctor

again to ensure all desired platforms have checkmarks.

bash

flutter doctor -v

再次运行

flutter doctor

确保所有目标平台都显示对勾。

bash

flutter doctor -v