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pubmed-metaanalysis

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What I Do

我的功能

Search PubMed for meta-analyses and systematic reviews on medical topics using the NCBI E-utilities API. I help you:
  • Find meta-analyses on specific medical conditions, treatments, or interventions
  • Retrieve article titles, authors, publication dates, and abstracts
  • Filter results to focus on systematic reviews and meta-analyses only
使用NCBI E-utilities API在PubMed上搜索医学主题的荟萃分析和系统综述。我可以帮您：
  • 查找特定疾病、治疗方法或干预措施的荟萃分析
  • 获取文章标题、作者、发表日期和摘要
  • 过滤结果，仅聚焦于系统综述和荟萃分析

When to Use Me

适用场景

Use this skill when you need to:
  • Look up meta-analyses on a medical topic
  • Find systematic reviews for evidence-based research
  • Get an overview of aggregated research on a health topic
当您需要以下服务时，可以使用本技能：
  • 查找某一医学主题的荟萃分析
  • 为循证研究获取系统综述
  • 了解某一健康主题的汇总研究概况

How to Search PubMed for Meta-Analyses

如何在PubMed上搜索荟萃分析

Step 1: Search for Article IDs

步骤1：搜索文章ID

Use the NCBI ESearch API to find meta-analyses. The key is adding the 
meta-analysis[pt]
publication type filter.
Base URL:
https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/esearch.fcgi
Required Parameters:
  • db=pubmed
    - Search the PubMed database
  • term=<SEARCH_QUERY>+AND+meta-analysis[pt]
    - Your search term + meta-analysis filter
  • retmax=20
    - Number of results to return (adjust as needed)
  • retmode=json
    - Return JSON format
Example Search URL:
https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/esearch.fcgi?db=pubmed&term=diabetes+treatment+AND+meta-analysis[pt]&retmax=20&retmode=json
Alternative Filters:
  • systematic+review[pt]
    - For systematic reviews
  • (meta-analysis[pt]+OR+systematic+review[pt])
    - For both types
使用NCBI ESearch API查找荟萃分析，关键是添加
meta-analysis[pt]
文献类型过滤器。
基础URL：
https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/esearch.fcgi
必填参数：
  • db=pubmed
    - 搜索PubMed数据库
  • term=<SEARCH_QUERY>+AND+meta-analysis[pt]
    - 您的搜索词 + 荟萃分析过滤器
  • retmax=20
    - 返回结果数量（可按需调整）
  • retmode=json
    - 返回JSON格式
搜索URL示例：
https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/esearch.fcgi?db=pubmed&term=diabetes+treatment+AND+meta-analysis[pt]&retmax=20&retmode=json
可选过滤器：
  • systematic+review[pt]
    - 仅搜索系统综述
  • (meta-analysis[pt]+OR+systematic+review[pt])
    - 同时搜索两种类型

Step 2: Fetch Article Details

步骤2：获取文章详情

Use the NCBI ESummary or EFetch API to get article details using the IDs from Step 1.
ESummary (for basic info):
https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/esummary.fcgi?db=pubmed&id=<ID1>,<ID2>,<ID3>&retmode=json
EFetch (for full abstract):
https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/efetch.fcgi?db=pubmed&id=<ID1>,<ID2>,<ID3>&rettype=abstract&retmode=text
使用NCBI ESummary或EFetch API，通过步骤1得到的ID获取文章详情。
ESummary（获取基础信息）：
https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/esummary.fcgi?db=pubmed&id=<ID1>,<ID2>,<ID3>&retmode=json
EFetch（获取完整摘要）：
https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/efetch.fcgi?db=pubmed&id=<ID1>,<ID2>,<ID3>&rettype=abstract&retmode=text

Step 3: Parse and Present Results

步骤3：解析并呈现结果

From ESummary JSON response, extract:
  • title
    - Article title
  • authors
    - List of authors (use first author + "et al." for brevity)
  • pubdate
    - Publication date
  • source
    - Journal name
  • uid
    - PubMed ID (PMID)
从ESummary的JSON响应中提取以下信息：
  • title
    - 文章标题
  • authors
    - 作者列表（为简洁起见，可使用第一作者 + "等"）
  • pubdate
    - 发表日期
  • source
    - 期刊名称
  • uid
    - PubMed ID（PMID）

Complete Example Workflow

完整工作流示例

  1. Search for meta-analyses on "hypertension treatment":
    https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/esearch.fcgi?db=pubmed&term=hypertension+treatment+AND+meta-analysis[pt]&retmax=10&retmode=json
  2. Get details for returned IDs (e.g., 12345678,23456789):
    https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/esummary.fcgi?db=pubmed&id=12345678,23456789&retmode=json
  3. Get full abstracts:
    https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/efetch.fcgi?db=pubmed&id=12345678,23456789&rettype=abstract&retmode=text
  1. 搜索“高血压治疗”相关的荟萃分析：
    https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/esearch.fcgi?db=pubmed&term=hypertension+treatment+AND+meta-analysis[pt]&retmax=10&retmode=json
  2. 获取返回ID（例如12345678,23456789）的详情：
    https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/esummary.fcgi?db=pubmed&id=12345678,23456789&retmode=json
  3. 获取完整摘要：
    https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/efetch.fcgi?db=pubmed&id=12345678,23456789&rettype=abstract&retmode=text

Search Tips

搜索技巧

Effective Search Terms

高效搜索词

  • Use MeSH terms when possible (e.g., 
    "Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2"[Mesh]
    )
  • Combine terms with 
    AND
    or 
    OR
  • Use quotes for exact phrases: 
    "cognitive behavioral therapy"
  • 尽可能使用MeSH术语（例如：
    "Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2"[Mesh]
    ）
  • 使用
    AND
    或
    OR
    组合术语
  • 用引号包裹精确短语：
    "cognitive behavioral therapy"

Common Filters

常用过滤器

FilterDescription
meta-analysis[pt]
Meta-analyses only
systematic+review[pt]
Systematic reviews only
review[pt]
All review articles
free+full+text[filter]
Only free full-text articles
humans[mh]
Human studies only
english[la]
English language only
过滤器描述
meta-analysis[pt]
仅荟萃分析
systematic+review[pt]
仅系统综述
review[pt]
所有综述文章
free+full+text[filter]
仅免费全文文章
humans[mh]
仅人类研究
english[la]
仅英文文章

Date Filtering

日期过滤

Add date range to search:
  • 2020:2024[dp]
    - Publication date range
  • "last 5 years"[dp]
    - Relative date
Example with date filter:
term=cancer+immunotherapy+AND+meta-analysis[pt]+AND+2020:2024[dp]
在搜索中添加日期范围：
  • 2020:2024[dp]
    - 发表日期范围
  • "last 5 years"[dp]
    - 相对日期
带日期过滤的示例：
term=cancer+immunotherapy+AND+meta-analysis[pt]+AND+2020:2024[dp]

Output Format

输出格式

When presenting results, use this format:
undefined
呈现结果时，请使用以下格式：
undefined

Meta-Analyses Found: [N] results

找到的荟萃分析：[N] 条结果

  1. [Title]
  2. [Title] ...
undefined
  1. [标题]
  2. [标题] ...
undefined

Rate Limits

请求限制

  • NCBI allows ~3 requests per second - be mindful of this when making multiple searches
  • Always URL-encode search terms with special characters
  • NCBI允许约每秒3次请求——进行多次搜索时请注意此限制
  • 包含特殊字符的搜索词务必进行URL编码