prisma-database-setup

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Prisma Database Setup

Prisma 数据库配置指南

Comprehensive guides for configuring Prisma ORM with various database providers.

针对各类数据库提供商配置Prisma ORM的全面指南。

When to Apply

适用场景

Reference this skill when:

Initializing a new Prisma project
Switching database providers
Configuring connection strings and environment variables
Troubleshooting database connection issues
Setting up database-specific features
Generating and instantiating Prisma Client

以下场景可参考本指南：

初始化新的Prisma项目
切换数据库提供商
配置连接字符串和环境变量
排查数据库连接问题
配置数据库专属功能
生成并实例化Prisma Client

System Prerequisites (Prisma ORM 7)

系统前置要求（Prisma ORM 7）

Node.js 20.19.0+
TypeScript 5.4.0+

Node.js 20.19.0+
TypeScript 5.4.0+

Bun Runtime

Bun 运行时

If you're using Bun, run Prisma CLI commands with

bunx --bun prisma ...

so Prisma uses the Bun runtime instead of falling back to Node.js.

如果你使用Bun运行时，请通过

bunx --bun prisma ...

执行Prisma CLI命令，这样Prisma会使用Bun运行时而不是回退到Node.js。

Supported Databases

支持的数据库

Database	Provider String	Notes
PostgreSQL	`postgresql`	Default, full feature support
MySQL	`mysql`	Widespread support, some JSON diffs
SQLite	`sqlite`	Local file-based, no enum/scalar lists
MongoDB	`mongodb`	NOT SUPPORTED IN v7 (Use v6)
SQL Server	`sqlserver`	Microsoft ecosystem
CockroachDB	`cockroachdb`	Distributed SQL, Postgres-compatible
Prisma Postgres	`postgresql`	Managed serverless database

数据库	提供商字符串	说明
PostgreSQL	`postgresql`	默认选项，支持全部功能
MySQL	`mysql`	广泛支持，JSON处理存在部分差异
SQLite	`sqlite`	本地文件型数据库，不支持枚举/标量列表
MongoDB	`mongodb`	v7版本不支持（请使用v6版本）
SQL Server	`sqlserver`	微软生态系统适配
CockroachDB	`cockroachdb`	分布式SQL数据库，兼容PostgreSQL
Prisma Postgres	`postgresql`	托管式无服务器数据库

Configuration Files

配置文件

Prisma v7 uses two main files for configuration:

prisma/schema.prisma
: Defines the
```
datasource
```
block.
prisma.config.ts
: Configures the connection URL (replaces env loading in schema).

Prisma v7使用两个主要配置文件：

prisma/schema.prisma
：定义
```
datasource
```
块。
prisma.config.ts
：配置连接URL（替代原schema中的环境变量加载方式）。

Driver Adapters (Prisma ORM 7)

驱动适配器（Prisma ORM 7）

Prisma ORM 7 uses the query compiler by default, which requires a driver adapter. Choose the adapter and driver for your database and pass the adapter to

PrismaClient

Database	Adapter	JS Driver
PostgreSQL	`@prisma/adapter-pg`	`pg`
CockroachDB	`@prisma/adapter-pg`	`pg`
Prisma Postgres	`@prisma/adapter-ppg`	`@prisma/ppg`
MySQL / MariaDB	`@prisma/adapter-mariadb`	`mariadb`
SQLite	`@prisma/adapter-better-sqlite3`	`better-sqlite3`
SQLite (Turso/LibSQL)	`@prisma/adapter-libsql`	`@libsql/client`
SQL Server	`@prisma/adapter-mssql`	`node-mssql`

Example (PostgreSQL):

import 'dotenv/config'
import { PrismaClient } from '../generated/client'
import { PrismaPg } from '@prisma/adapter-pg'

const adapter = new PrismaPg({ connectionString: process.env.DATABASE_URL })
const prisma = new PrismaClient({ adapter })

Prisma ORM 7默认使用查询编译器，这需要驱动适配器。请为你的数据库选择对应的适配器和驱动，并将适配器传入

PrismaClient

。

数据库	适配器	JS驱动
PostgreSQL	`@prisma/adapter-pg`	`pg`
CockroachDB	`@prisma/adapter-pg`	`pg`
Prisma Postgres	`@prisma/adapter-ppg`	`@prisma/ppg`
MySQL / MariaDB	`@prisma/adapter-mariadb`	`mariadb`
SQLite	`@prisma/adapter-better-sqlite3`	`better-sqlite3`
SQLite (Turso/LibSQL)	`@prisma/adapter-libsql`	`@libsql/client`
SQL Server	`@prisma/adapter-mssql`	`node-mssql`

示例（PostgreSQL）：

import 'dotenv/config'
import { PrismaClient } from '../generated/client'
import { PrismaPg } from '@prisma/adapter-pg'

const adapter = new PrismaPg({ connectionString: process.env.DATABASE_URL })
const prisma = new PrismaClient({ adapter })

Prisma Client Setup (Required)

Prisma Client 配置（必填）

Prisma Client must be installed and generated for any database.

Install Prisma CLI and Prisma Client:

bash

npm install prisma --save-dev
npm install @prisma/client

Add a generator block (output is required in Prisma v7):

prisma

generator client {
  provider = "prisma-client"
  output   = "../generated"
}

Generate Prisma Client:
bash
```
npx prisma generate
```

Instantiate Prisma Client with the database-specific driver adapter:

typescript

import { PrismaClient } from '../generated/client'
import { PrismaPg } from '@prisma/adapter-pg'

const adapter = new PrismaPg({ connectionString: process.env.DATABASE_URL })
const prisma = new PrismaClient({ adapter })

Re-run
```
prisma generate
```
after every schema change.

无论使用哪种数据库，都必须安装并生成Prisma Client。

安装Prisma CLI和Prisma Client：

bash

npm install prisma --save-dev
npm install @prisma/client

添加生成器块（Prisma v7要求必须指定output）：

prisma

generator client {
  provider = "prisma-client"
  output   = "../generated"
}

生成Prisma Client：
bash
```
npx prisma generate
```

使用数据库专属驱动适配器实例化Prisma Client：

typescript

import { PrismaClient } from '../generated/client'
import { PrismaPg } from '@prisma/adapter-pg'

const adapter = new PrismaPg({ connectionString: process.env.DATABASE_URL })
const prisma = new PrismaClient({ adapter })

每次修改schema后，重新运行
```
prisma generate
```
。

Quick Reference

快速参考

PostgreSQL

prisma

datasource db {
  provider = "postgresql"
}

generator client {
  provider = "prisma-client"
  output   = "../generated"
}

prisma

datasource db {
  provider = "postgresql"
}

generator client {
  provider = "prisma-client"
  output   = "../generated"
}

MySQL

prisma

datasource db {
  provider = "mysql"
}

generator client {
  provider = "prisma-client"
  output   = "../generated"
}

prisma

datasource db {
  provider = "mysql"
}

generator client {
  provider = "prisma-client"
  output   = "../generated"
}

SQLite

prisma

datasource db {
  provider = "sqlite"
}

generator client {
  provider = "prisma-client"
  output   = "../generated"
}

prisma

datasource db {
  provider = "sqlite"
}

generator client {
  provider = "prisma-client"
  output   = "../generated"
}

MongoDB (Prisma v6 only)

MongoDB（仅Prisma v6支持）

prisma

datasource db {
  provider = "mongodb"
  url      = env("DATABASE_URL")
}

generator client {
  provider = "prisma-client-js"
}

prisma

datasource db {
  provider = "mongodb"
  url      = env("DATABASE_URL")
}

generator client {
  provider = "prisma-client-js"
}

Rule Files

规则文件

See individual rule files for detailed setup instructions:

rules/postgresql.md
rules/mysql.md
rules/sqlite.md
rules/mongodb.md
rules/sqlserver.md
rules/cockroachdb.md
rules/prisma-postgres.md
rules/prisma-client-setup.md

请查看各个规则文件获取详细配置说明：

rules/postgresql.md
rules/mysql.md
rules/sqlite.md
rules/mongodb.md
rules/sqlserver.md
rules/cockroachdb.md
rules/prisma-postgres.md
rules/prisma-client-setup.md