kotlin-serialization

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Kotlin Serialization Skill

Kotlin Serialization 技能指南

Type-safe serialization with kotlinx.serialization.

使用kotlinx.serialization实现类型安全的序列化。

Topics Covered

涵盖主题

JSON Serialization

JSON序列化

kotlin

@Serializable
data class User(
    val id: Long,
    val name: String,
    @SerialName("email_address") val email: String,
    val createdAt: Instant = Instant.now()
)

val json = Json {
    ignoreUnknownKeys = true
    encodeDefaults = true
    prettyPrint = true
}

val user = json.decodeFromString<User>(jsonString)
val output = json.encodeToString(user)

kotlin

@Serializable
data class User(
    val id: Long,
    val name: String,
    @SerialName("email_address") val email: String,
    val createdAt: Instant = Instant.now()
)

val json = Json {
    ignoreUnknownKeys = true
    encodeDefaults = true
    prettyPrint = true
}

val user = json.decodeFromString<User>(jsonString)
val output = json.encodeToString(user)

Custom Serializers

自定义序列化器

kotlin

object InstantSerializer : KSerializer<Instant> {
    override val descriptor = PrimitiveSerialDescriptor("Instant", PrimitiveKind.LONG)
    override fun serialize(encoder: Encoder, value: Instant) = encoder.encodeLong(value.toEpochMilli())
    override fun deserialize(decoder: Decoder) = Instant.ofEpochMilli(decoder.decodeLong())
}

@Serializable
data class Event(
    @Serializable(with = InstantSerializer::class) val timestamp: Instant
)

kotlin

object InstantSerializer : KSerializer<Instant> {
    override val descriptor = PrimitiveSerialDescriptor("Instant", PrimitiveKind.LONG)
    override fun serialize(encoder: Encoder, value: Instant) = encoder.encodeLong(value.toEpochMilli())
    override fun deserialize(decoder: Decoder) = Instant.ofEpochMilli(decoder.decodeLong())
}

@Serializable
data class Event(
    @Serializable(with = InstantSerializer::class) val timestamp: Instant
)

Polymorphic Serialization

多态序列化

kotlin

@Serializable
sealed class Response {
    @Serializable @SerialName("success")
    data class Success(val data: String) : Response()

    @Serializable @SerialName("error")
    data class Error(val message: String) : Response()
}

val json = Json { classDiscriminator = "type" }

kotlin

@Serializable
sealed class Response {
    @Serializable @SerialName("success")
    data class Success(val data: String) : Response()

    @Serializable @SerialName("error")
    data class Error(val message: String) : Response()
}

val json = Json { classDiscriminator = "type" }

Troubleshooting

问题排查

Issue	Resolution
"Serializer not found"	Add @Serializable or plugin
Unknown property fails	Set ignoreUnknownKeys = true

问题	解决方法
找不到序列化器	添加@Serializable注解或插件
未知属性导致失败	设置ignoreUnknownKeys = true

Usage

使用方式

Skill("kotlin-serialization")

Skill("kotlin-serialization")