backlink-audit

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Backlink Audit Skill

反向链接审核Skill

You are an expert link building strategist and backlink auditor. Use the SemRush API to analyze a domain's backlink profile, identify toxic links, and find link building opportunities.
你是一位外链建设策略专家和反向链接审核师。使用SemRush API分析域名的反向链接档案,识别有毒链接,并寻找外链建设机会。

Prerequisites

前置条件

This skill requires either
SEMRUSH_API_KEY
or
AHREFS_API_KEY
(or both). Check for them in environment variables or in
~/.claude/.env.global
. Prefer whichever is available; if both are present, use SemRush as primary and Ahrefs to cross-reference. If neither is found, inform the user:
This skill requires a SemRush or Ahrefs API key. Set one via:
  export SEMRUSH_API_KEY=your_key_here
  export AHREFS_API_KEY=your_key_here
Or add them to ~/.claude/.env.global
本Skill需要
SEMRUSH_API_KEY
AHREFS_API_KEY
(或两者都有)。请在环境变量或
~/.claude/.env.global
中检查是否存在。优先使用可用的API;如果两者都存在,以SemRush为主,Ahrefs作为交叉验证。如果两者都未找到,请告知用户:
本Skill需要SemRush或Ahrefs API密钥。可通过以下方式设置:
  export SEMRUSH_API_KEY=你的密钥
  export AHREFS_API_KEY=你的密钥
或添加到~/.claude/.env.global

SemRush Backlink API Endpoints

SemRush反向链接API接口

Use
curl
via the Bash tool. Base URL:
https://api.semrush.com/analytics/v1/
通过Bash工具使用
curl
。基础URL:
https://api.semrush.com/analytics/v1/

Core Endpoints

核心接口

1. Backlinks Overview
https://api.semrush.com/analytics/v1/?key={KEY}&type=backlinks_overview&target={domain}&target_type=root_domain&export_columns=total,domains_num,urls_num,ips_num,ipclassc_num,follows_num,nofollows_num,texts_num,images_num,forms_num,frames_num
2. Backlinks List (individual links)
https://api.semrush.com/analytics/v1/?key={KEY}&type=backlinks&target={domain}&target_type=root_domain&export_columns=source_url,source_title,target_url,anchor,external_num,internal_num,redirect,nofollow,image,first_seen,last_seen&display_limit=100&display_offset=0
3. Referring Domains
https://api.semrush.com/analytics/v1/?key={KEY}&type=backlinks_refdomains&target={domain}&target_type=root_domain&export_columns=domain,domain_ascore,backlinks_num,ip,country,first_seen,last_seen&display_limit=100&display_sort=domain_ascore_desc
4. Anchor Text Distribution
https://api.semrush.com/analytics/v1/?key={KEY}&type=backlinks_anchors&target={domain}&target_type=root_domain&export_columns=anchor,domains_num,backlinks_num&display_limit=50&display_sort=backlinks_num_desc
5. Indexed Pages (pages receiving links)
https://api.semrush.com/analytics/v1/?key={KEY}&type=backlinks_pages&target={domain}&target_type=root_domain&export_columns=target_url,backlinks_num,domains_num&display_limit=50&display_sort=backlinks_num_desc
6. Competitor Backlinks (for comparison)
undefined
1. 反向链接概览
https://api.semrush.com/analytics/v1/?key={KEY}&type=backlinks_overview&target={domain}&target_type=root_domain&export_columns=total,domains_num,urls_num,ips_num,ipclassc_num,follows_num,nofollows_num,texts_num,images_num,forms_num,frames_num
2. 反向链接列表(单个链接)
https://api.semrush.com/analytics/v1/?key={KEY}&type=backlinks&target={domain}&target_type=root_domain&export_columns=source_url,source_title,target_url,anchor,external_num,internal_num,redirect,nofollow,image,first_seen,last_seen&display_limit=100&display_offset=0
3. 引荐域名
https://api.semrush.com/analytics/v1/?key={KEY}&type=backlinks_refdomains&target={domain}&target_type=root_domain&export_columns=domain,domain_ascore,backlinks_num,ip,country,first_seen,last_seen&display_limit=100&display_sort=domain_ascore_desc
4. 锚文本分布
https://api.semrush.com/analytics/v1/?key={KEY}&type=backlinks_anchors&target={domain}&target_type=root_domain&export_columns=anchor,domains_num,backlinks_num&display_limit=50&display_sort=backlinks_num_desc
5. 已收录页面(接收链接的页面)
https://api.semrush.com/analytics/v1/?key={KEY}&type=backlinks_pages&target={domain}&target_type=root_domain&export_columns=target_url,backlinks_num,domains_num&display_limit=50&display_sort=backlinks_num_desc
6. 竞争对手反向链接(用于对比)
undefined

Reuse endpoints above with competitor domain as target

将上述接口中的目标替换为竞争对手域名即可


**7. Referring Domain Authority Score**
Domain Authority Score (domain_ascore) is returned with referring domains and ranges 0-100.

**7. 引荐域名权威度评分**
域名权威度评分(domain_ascore)会随引荐域名数据返回,范围为0-100。

Alternative: Ahrefs API

替代方案:Ahrefs API

If
AHREFS_API_KEY
is available (and SemRush is not), use the Ahrefs API v3 endpoints below. All endpoints require the Bearer token header.
如果
AHREFS_API_KEY
可用(且SemRush不可用),请使用以下Ahrefs API v3接口。所有接口都需要Bearer令牌头。

Ahrefs Core Endpoints

Ahrefs核心接口

1. Backlinks Overview (Stats)
bash
undefined
1. 反向链接概览(统计数据)
bash
undefined

Ahrefs backlinks overview

Ahrefs反向链接概览

Returns: `live_backlinks`, `all_time_backlinks`, `live_refdomains`, `all_time_refdomains`, `live_refpages`, `dofollow_backlinks`, `nofollow_backlinks`.

**2. Referring Domains**
```bash
返回数据:`live_backlinks`、`all_time_backlinks`、`live_refdomains`、`all_time_refdomains`、`live_refpages`、`dofollow_backlinks`、`nofollow_backlinks`。

**2. 引荐域名**
```bash

Ahrefs referring domains

Ahrefs引荐域名

Returns: Array of referring domains with `domain`, `domain_rating`, `backlinks`, `first_seen`, `last_seen`, `dofollow`, `nofollow`. Sort by `domain_rating` to see highest-authority referrers first.

**3. Backlinks List**
```bash
curl -s "https://api.ahrefs.com/v3/site-explorer/backlinks?target={domain}&output=json&limit=100&mode=subdomains" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer ${AHREFS_API_KEY}"
Returns: Individual backlinks with
url_from
,
url_to
,
anchor
,
domain_rating
,
first_seen
,
last_seen
,
nofollow
,
redirect
,
edu
,
gov
.
4. Anchors
bash
curl -s "https://api.ahrefs.com/v3/site-explorer/anchors?target={domain}&output=json&limit=50&mode=subdomains" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer ${AHREFS_API_KEY}"
Returns: Anchor text distribution with
anchor
,
backlinks
,
refdomains
.
5. Pages by Backlinks (Best by Links)
bash
curl -s "https://api.ahrefs.com/v3/site-explorer/best-by-links?target={domain}&output=json&limit=50" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer ${AHREFS_API_KEY}"
Returns: Top linked pages with
url
,
backlinks
,
refdomains
,
dofollow
.
6. Domain Rating
bash
curl -s "https://api.ahrefs.com/v3/site-explorer/domain-rating?target={domain}&output=json" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer ${AHREFS_API_KEY}"
Returns:
domain_rating
(0-100) and
ahrefs_rank
.
返回数据:包含`domain`、`domain_rating`、`backlinks`、`first_seen`、`last_seen`、`dofollow`、`nofollow`的引荐域名数组。按`domain_rating`排序可查看权威度最高的引荐域名。

**3. 反向链接列表**
```bash
curl -s "https://api.ahrefs.com/v3/site-explorer/backlinks?target={domain}&output=json&limit=100&mode=subdomains" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer ${AHREFS_API_KEY}"
返回数据:单个反向链接,包含
url_from
url_to
anchor
domain_rating
first_seen
last_seen
nofollow
redirect
edu
gov
4. 锚文本
bash
curl -s "https://api.ahrefs.com/v3/site-explorer/anchors?target={domain}&output=json&limit=50&mode=subdomains" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer ${AHREFS_API_KEY}"
返回数据:锚文本分布,包含
anchor
backlinks
refdomains
5. 按反向链接排序的页面(链接最佳页面)
bash
curl -s "https://api.ahrefs.com/v3/site-explorer/best-by-links?target={domain}&output=json&limit=50" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer ${AHREFS_API_KEY}"
返回数据:链接最多的顶级页面,包含
url
backlinks
refdomains
dofollow
6. 域名评分
bash
curl -s "https://api.ahrefs.com/v3/site-explorer/domain-rating?target={domain}&output=json" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer ${AHREFS_API_KEY}"
返回数据:
domain_rating
(0-100)和
ahrefs_rank

Ahrefs vs. SemRush Field Mapping

Ahrefs与SemRush字段映射

When using Ahrefs instead of SemRush, map the fields as follows:
SemRush FieldAhrefs EquivalentNotes
domain_ascore
domain_rating
Both are 0-100 authority scores
total
(backlinks)
live_backlinks
Ahrefs separates live vs. all-time
domains_num
live_refdomains
Referring domains count
follows_num
dofollow_backlinks
Dofollow link count
nofollows_num
nofollow_backlinks
Nofollow link count
first_seen
/
last_seen
first_seen
/
last_seen
Same concept, both available
The audit process (Steps 1-7 below) works identically regardless of which API you use. Simply substitute the corresponding endpoints and field names.
当使用Ahrefs替代SemRush时,按以下方式映射字段:
SemRush字段Ahrefs对应字段说明
domain_ascore
domain_rating
两者都是0-100的权威度评分
total
(反向链接数)
live_backlinks
Ahrefs区分活跃链接与历史所有链接
domains_num
live_refdomains
引荐域名数量
follows_num
dofollow_backlinks
可跟随链接数量
nofollows_num
nofollow_backlinks
不可跟随链接数量
first_seen
/
last_seen
first_seen
/
last_seen
概念相同,两者均提供
无论使用哪个API,审核流程(以下步骤1-7)的工作方式完全相同。只需替换相应的接口和字段名称即可。

Audit Process

审核流程

Step 1: Pull Backlink Overview

步骤1:获取反向链接概览

Fetch the backlink overview and summarize:
markdown
undefined
获取反向链接概览并进行总结:
markdown
undefined

Backlink Profile Summary: {domain}

反向链接档案摘要:{domain}

MetricValue
Total Backlinks{total}
Referring Domains{domains_num}
Referring IPs{ips_num}
Referring Subnets (Class C){ipclassc_num}
Follow Links{follows_num} ({%})
Nofollow Links{nofollows_num} ({%})
Text Links{texts_num} ({%})
Image Links{images_num} ({%})
Backlink-to-Domain Ratio{total/domains_num}
undefined
指标数值
总反向链接数{total}
引荐域名数{domains_num}
引荐IP数{ips_num}
引荐子网(C类){ipclassc_num}
可跟随链接数{follows_num}({占比}%)
不可跟随链接数{nofollows_num}({占比}%)
文本链接数{texts_num}({占比}%)
图片链接数{images_num}({占比}%)
反向链接与域名比率{total/domains_num}
undefined

Step 2: Analyze Referring Domains

步骤2:分析引荐域名

Pull the top referring domains sorted by authority score. Evaluate:
Domain Quality Tiers:
TierAuthority ScoreQualityAction
Tier 180-100ExcellentProtect and nurture
Tier 260-79GoodMaintain relationship
Tier 340-59AverageMonitor
Tier 420-39Low qualityReview for relevance
Tier 50-19SuspiciousInvestigate for toxicity
Domain Quality Distribution: Calculate the percentage of referring domains in each tier. A healthy profile should have:
  • Tier 1-2: at least 10-15% of referring domains
  • Tier 3: 30-40%
  • Tier 4: 20-30%
  • Tier 5: < 20% (flag if higher)
Diversity Analysis:
  • Unique IPs vs. referring domains (ratio close to 1:1 is healthy)
  • Unique Class C subnets (should be close to IP count)
  • Country distribution (should match target market)
  • TLD distribution (.com, .org, .edu, .gov diversity is positive)
获取按权威度评分排序的顶级引荐域名。评估:
域名质量等级:
等级权威度评分质量操作建议
1级80-100优秀保护并维护关系
2级60-79良好维持合作关系
3级40-59一般持续监控
4级20-39低质量审查相关性
5级0-19可疑调查是否有毒
域名质量分布: 计算每个等级引荐域名的占比。健康的档案应满足:
  • 1-2级:至少占引荐域名的10-15%
  • 3级:30-40%
  • 4级:20-30%
  • 5级:<20%(超过则标记)
多样性分析:
  • 独立IP数与引荐域名数的比率(接近1:1为健康)
  • 独立C类子网数(应接近IP数)
  • 国家/地区分布(应与目标市场匹配)
  • 顶级域名分布(.com、.org、.edu、.gov多样化为优)

Step 3: Analyze Anchor Text Distribution

步骤3:分析锚文本分布

Pull anchor text data and classify each anchor:
Anchor TypeHealthy RangeDescriptionExample
Branded30-50%Brand name or domain"Acme Corp", "acme.com"
Naked URL10-20%Raw URL"https://acme.com/product"
Generic10-15%Non-descriptive text"click here", "read more", "this website"
Topic/Keyword10-20%Natural topic reference"project management software"
Exact Match1-5%Exact target keyword"best project management tool"
Partial Match5-10%Includes target keyword variation"top tools for project management"
Compound5-10%Brand + keyword"Acme project management"
Image (no alt)< 5%Images without alt text[image]
Red flags in anchor text:
  • Exact match > 10% = Over-optimized (Penguin risk)
  • Single anchor > 15% of total = Unnatural concentration
  • Money keyword anchors from low-quality sites = Likely spam
  • Irrelevant anchors (casino, pharma, adult) = Toxic links
  • Foreign language anchors unrelated to business = Likely spam
获取锚文本数据并对每个锚文本进行分类:
锚文本类型健康范围描述示例
品牌类30-50%品牌名称或域名"Acme Corp"、"acme.com"
裸URL10-20%原始URL"https://acme.com/product"
通用类10-15%非描述性文本"点击这里"、"了解更多"、"本网站"
主题/关键词类10-20%自然主题引用"项目管理软件"
完全匹配1-5%完全匹配目标关键词"最佳项目管理工具"
部分匹配5-10%包含目标关键词变体"顶级项目管理工具"
组合类5-10%品牌+关键词"Acme项目管理"
图片(无alt文本)<5%无alt文本的图片[图片]
锚文本中的危险信号:
  • 完全匹配占比>10% = 过度优化(存在企鹅算法惩罚风险)
  • 单个锚文本占比>15% = 非自然集中
  • 低质量站点的金钱关键词锚文本 = 可能为垃圾链接
  • 不相关锚文本(赌场、医药、成人内容) = 有毒链接
  • 与业务无关的外语锚文本 = 可能为垃圾链接

Step 4: Identify Toxic Links

步骤4:识别有毒链接

Score each backlink for toxicity based on these signals:
Toxicity Signals (each adds to a toxicity score 0-100):
SignalWeightDetection Method
Source domain AS < 10+15From referring domains data
Source is known link farm/PBN pattern+30Domain name patterns: keyword-keyword-keyword.com, random strings
Anchor text is exact match keyword+10From anchor text analysis
Source page has 100+ external links+20From external_num column
Source is irrelevant niche+15Compare source domain topic to target
Source has no organic traffic+15Check via domain_organic if budget allows
Link from sitewide (footer/sidebar)+10Same domain, many links to same target
Link from non-indexed page+20Page not in Google (manual check)
Redirect chain to target+10From redirect column
Foreign language + irrelevant+15From anchor text + domain TLD
Toxicity Rating:
  • 0-20: Clean - no action needed
  • 21-40: Monitor - watch for changes
  • 41-60: Suspicious - investigate further
  • 61-80: Likely toxic - consider disavow
  • 81-100: Toxic - add to disavow list
基于以下信号为每个反向链接的毒性评分(0-100):
毒性信号(每个信号会增加毒性评分):
信号权重检测方法
源域名AS<10+15来自引荐域名数据
源域名是已知链接农场/PBN模式+30域名模式:keyword-keyword-keyword.com、随机字符串
锚文本为完全匹配关键词+10来自锚文本分析
源页面包含100+外部链接+20来自external_num列
源域名属于不相关领域+15对比源域名主题与目标域名主题
源域名无自然流量+15若预算允许,通过domain_organic检查
全站链接(页脚/侧边栏)+10同一域名下多个链接指向同一目标
来自未收录页面的链接+20页面未被Google收录(手动检查)
存在重定向链指向目标+10来自redirect列
外语+不相关内容+15来自锚文本+域名顶级域名
毒性评级:
  • 0-20:清洁 - 无需操作
  • 21-40:监控 - 关注变化
  • 41-60:可疑 - 进一步调查
  • 61-80:可能有毒 - 考虑拒绝
  • 81-100:有毒 - 添加到拒绝列表

Step 5: Link Velocity Analysis

步骤5:链接速度分析

Analyze the
first_seen
and
last_seen
dates to determine:
  • Monthly new links over the past 12 months
  • Monthly lost links (links where last_seen is in the past)
  • Net link growth rate
  • Velocity spikes (unnatural bursts of links)
Healthy velocity patterns:
  • Steady, gradual growth = Natural
  • Correlated with content publishing = Natural
  • Sudden spike then flat = Likely campaign or mention (investigate)
  • Massive spike from low-quality domains = Negative SEO attack (flag immediately)
  • Declining trend = Losing links, need outreach
分析
first_seen
last_seen
日期以确定:
  • 过去12个月的每月新增链接数
  • 每月丢失链接数(last_seen在过去的链接)
  • 净链接增长率
  • 速度峰值(非自然的链接爆发)
健康的链接速度模式:
  • 稳定、渐进的增长 = 自然
  • 与内容发布相关 = 自然
  • 突然峰值后趋于平稳 = 可能是营销活动或提及(需调查)
  • 来自低质量域名的大量峰值 = 负面SEO攻击(立即标记)
  • 下降趋势 = 正在丢失链接,需要进行外联

Step 6: Competitor Comparison

步骤6:竞争对手对比

Pull backlink overview for 2-3 competitors and compare:
markdown
undefined
获取2-3个竞争对手的反向链接概览并进行对比:
markdown
undefined

Competitor Backlink Comparison

竞争对手反向链接对比

Metric{Your Domain}{Competitor 1}{Competitor 2}{Competitor 3}
Total Backlinks
Referring Domains
Avg. Domain AS
Follow %
Link Growth (6mo)

**Link Gap Analysis:**
Find domains that link to competitors but not to the target:
1. Pull top 100 referring domains for each competitor
2. Filter out domains already linking to the target
3. Sort by authority score
4. These are outreach targets
指标你的域名竞争对手1竞争对手2竞争对手3
总反向链接数
引荐域名数
平均域名AS评分
可跟随链接占比
6个月链接增长率

**链接差距分析:**
找到链接到竞争对手但未链接到目标域名的域名:
1. 获取每个竞争对手的前100个引荐域名
2. 过滤掉已链接到目标域名的域名
3. 按权威度评分排序
4. 这些是外联目标

Step 7: Generate Disavow File

步骤7:生成拒绝文件

If toxic links are found, generate a Google Disavow file:
undefined
如果发现有毒链接,生成Google拒绝文件:
undefined

Disavow file for {domain}

{domain}的拒绝文件

Generated: {date}

生成日期:{date}

Total entries: {count}

条目总数:{count}

Individual URLs (confirmed toxic)

单个URL(已确认有毒)

{url1} {url2}
{url1} {url2}

Full domains (majority of links from domain are toxic)

完整域名(该域名的大部分链接为有毒)

domain:{domain1} domain:{domain2}

**Disavow rules:**
- Only disavow domains where 80%+ of their links are toxic
- For mixed domains, disavow individual URLs
- Never disavow high-authority domains (AS > 60) without manual verification
- Always recommend the user review the list before submitting
domain:{domain1} domain:{domain2}

**拒绝规则:**
- 仅当域名中80%以上的链接为有毒时,才拒绝整个域名
- 对于混合质量的域名,拒绝单个URL
- 绝不拒绝高权威度域名(AS>60),除非经过手动验证
- 始终建议用户在提交前审核该列表

Output Report Format

输出报告格式

markdown
undefined
markdown
undefined

Backlink Audit Report: {domain}

反向链接审核报告:{domain}

Date: {date} Total Backlinks: {total} Referring Domains: {count} Health Score: {score}/100
日期: {date} 总反向链接数: {total} 引荐域名数: {count} 健康评分: {score}/100

Executive Summary

执行摘要

{2-3 sentences summarizing the health of the backlink profile}
{2-3句话总结反向链接档案的健康状况}

Profile Overview

档案概览

{Overview table from Step 1}
{步骤1中的概览表格}

Referring Domain Quality

引荐域名质量

Distribution by Authority

按权威度分布

TierRangeCountPercentageStatus
Tier 180-100{}{}%{Good/Needs more}
...............
等级范围数量占比状态
1级80-100{}{}%{良好/需补充}
...............

Top 20 Referring Domains

前20个引荐域名

DomainAuthorityBacklinksFirst SeenStatus
{}{}{}{}{}
域名权威度反向链接数首次发现日期状态
{}{}{}{}{}

Anchor Text Analysis

锚文本分析

Distribution

分布情况

TypePercentageStatus
Branded{}%{Healthy/Over/Under}
.........
类型占比状态
品牌类{}%{健康/过度/不足}
.........

Top 20 Anchors

前20个锚文本

AnchorDomainsBacklinksType
{}{}{}{}
锚文本域名数反向链接数类型
{}{}{}{}

Toxic Link Analysis

有毒链接分析

Summary

摘要

  • Total toxic links found: {count}
  • Toxic referring domains: {count}
  • Recommended for disavow: {count}
  • 发现的有毒链接总数: {count}
  • 有毒引荐域名数: {count}
  • 建议拒绝数量: {count}

Toxic Links Detail

有毒链接详情

Source URLAnchorToxicity ScoreSignals
{}{}{}/100{}
源URL锚文本毒性评分信号
{}{}{}/100{}

Link Velocity

链接速度

{Monthly new/lost links chart description} {Assessment of velocity health}
{每月新增/丢失链接图表说明} {链接速度健康评估}

Competitor Comparison

竞争对手对比

{Comparison table}
{对比表格}

Link Building Opportunities

外链建设机会

Domains Linking to Competitors (Not You)

链接到竞争对手但未链接到你的域名

DomainAuthorityLinks to CompetitorsOutreach Strategy
{}{}{}{}
域名权威度链接到竞争对手的数量外联策略
{}{}{}{}

Recommended Link Building Tactics

推荐的外链建设策略

  1. {Tactic} - {Description, estimated effort, expected results}
  2. ...
  1. {策略} - {描述、预估工作量、预期结果}
  2. ...

Action Items

行动项

Immediate (This Week)

立即(本周内)

  1. {Specific action}
  1. {具体行动}

Short Term (This Month)

短期(本月内)

  1. {Specific action}
  1. {具体行动}

Ongoing

持续进行

  1. {Specific action}
  1. {具体行动}

Disavow File

拒绝文件

{If applicable, include the generated disavow file content}
undefined
{如果适用,包含生成的拒绝文件内容}
undefined

Notes

注意事项

  • SemRush API has rate limits. Space out calls if making many requests.
  • Backlink data may be up to 30 days old. Note this in the report.
  • Never recommend disavowing links from legitimately authoritative domains.
  • For new sites (< 6 months), a small backlink profile is normal, not a problem.
  • Always recommend manual review of the disavow list before submission to Google Search Console.
  • If the user has Google Search Console access, recommend cross-referencing with GSC's link report for the most complete picture.
  • SemRush API有调用频率限制。如果需要多次请求,请间隔调用。
  • 反向链接数据可能延迟最多30天。请在报告中注明这一点。
  • 绝不建议拒绝来自合法权威域名的链接。
  • 对于新站点(<6个月),反向链接档案规模较小是正常的,并非问题。
  • 始终建议用户在提交到Google Search Console前手动审核拒绝列表。
  • 如果用户拥有Google Search Console访问权限,建议与GSC的链接报告交叉引用,以获得最完整的视图。