agile

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Agile Product Management Skill

Agile产品管理技能

Apply agile methodologies to product development and team collaboration. Master sprint planning, backlog management, and continuous improvement.
将敏捷方法论应用于产品开发与团队协作。掌握Sprint规划、待办事项(Backlog)管理与持续改进。

Scrum Framework

Scrum框架

Sprint Cycle (2-week)

Sprint周期(2周)

DayCeremonyDurationAttendees
MonSprint Planning2hFull team
DailyStandup15minFull team
ThuDesign Review1hPM, Design, Eng
FriSprint Review1hFull team + stakeholders
FriRetrospective30minFull team
日期仪式时长参与人员
周一Sprint规划2小时全体团队成员
每日站会(Standup)15分钟全体团队成员
周四设计评审1小时产品经理(PM)、设计师、工程师
周五Sprint评审1小时全体团队成员 + 利益相关者
周五回顾会议(Retrospective)30分钟全体团队成员

Sprint Planning Template

Sprint规划模板

Sprint Goal: [One sentence describing sprint outcome]

Capacity:
- Team size: 5 engineers
- Working days: 10
- Available points: 40

Selected Stories:
1. [Story A] - 8 points - Owner: Dev1
2. [Story B] - 5 points - Owner: Dev2
3. [Story C] - 13 points - Owner: Dev3
...

Risks:
- [Risk 1]: Mitigation plan
- [Risk 2]: Mitigation plan

Definition of Done:
[ ] Code reviewed
[ ] Tests written
[ ] Documentation updated
[ ] PM accepted
Sprint目标: [用一句话描述Sprint成果]

团队产能:
- 团队规模: 5名工程师
- 工作日天数: 10天
- 可用点数: 40

选定的用户故事:
1. [故事A] - 8点 - 负责人: Dev1
2. [故事B] - 5点 - 负责人: Dev2
3. [故事C] - 13点 - 负责人: Dev3
...

风险:
- [风险1]: 缓解方案
- [风险2]: 缓解方案

完成定义:
[ ] 代码已评审
[ ] 已编写测试用例
[ ] 文档已更新
[ ] 产品经理已验收

PM in Agile

敏捷中的产品经理(PM)

User Story Format (INVEST)

用户故事格式(INVEST原则)

As a [user type]
I want [action/capability]
So that [benefit/outcome]

Acceptance Criteria:
Given [context]
When [action]
Then [result]
作为[用户类型]
我希望[操作/功能]
以便[收益/成果]

验收标准:
给定[场景]
当[执行操作]
则[预期结果]

Backlog Grooming

待办事项梳理(Backlog Grooming)

Weekly Grooming (1 hour):
  1. Review upcoming sprint stories
  2. Clarify acceptance criteria
  3. Size/estimate stories
  4. Identify dependencies
  5. Reorder by priority
每周梳理(1小时):
  1. 评审下一个Sprint的用户故事
  2. 明确验收标准
  3. 估算用户故事规模
  4. 识别依赖关系
  5. 按优先级重新排序

Story Points Guide

故事点数指南

PointsComplexityExample
1TrivialConfig change
2SmallMinor UI tweak
3MediumNew simple feature
5LargeComplex feature
8XLMultiple components
13EpicShould be broken down
点数复杂度示例
1极简单配置变更
2小型轻微UI调整
3中型新的简单功能
5大型复杂功能
8超大型多组件功能
13史诗级应拆分为更小的故事

Kanban

Kanban(看板)

Board Structure

看板结构

| Backlog | To Do | In Progress | Review | Done |
|---------|-------|-------------|--------|------|
|         |       |             |        |      |
|  WIP: - | WIP:3 |   WIP: 3    | WIP: 2 |  -   |
| 待办事项 | 待处理 | 进行中 | 评审 | 已完成 |
|---------|-------|-------------|--------|------|
|         |       |             |        |      |
|  在制品限制: - | 在制品限制:3 |   在制品限制: 3    | 在制品限制: 2 |  -   |

Flow Metrics

流程指标

  • Lead Time: Request → Done
  • Cycle Time: In Progress → Done
  • Throughput: Items completed per week
  • WIP: Work in progress items
  • 前置时间(Lead Time): 需求提出 → 完成
  • 周期时间(Cycle Time): 进行中 → 完成
  • 吞吐量(Throughput): 每周完成的事项数量
  • 在制品(WIP): 正在处理的事项数量

Scaling Agile

敏捷规模化

SAFe Basics

SAFe基础

  • Team Level: Scrum teams (5-9 people)
  • Program Level: Multiple teams (50-125 people)
  • Large Solution: Multiple programs
  • Portfolio: Business strategy
  • 团队层面: Scrum团队(5-9人)
  • 项目群层面: 多个团队(50-125人)
  • 大型解决方案层面: 多个项目群
  • 组合层面: 业务战略

Cross-Team Coordination

跨团队协调

  • Scrum of Scrums: Daily sync between teams
  • PI Planning: Quarterly planning event
  • System Demo: Integration showcase
  • Inspect & Adapt: Quarterly retrospective
  • Scrum of Scrums: 团队间每日同步会议
  • PI规划: 季度规划活动
  • 系统演示: 集成成果展示
  • 检视与调整: 季度回顾会议

Troubleshooting

问题排查

Yaygın Hatalar & Çözümler

常见错误与解决方案

HataOlası SebepÇözüm
Sprint overcommitmentUnrealistic capacityTrack velocity, be honest
Carryover storiesScope creepStricter acceptance
Long standupsToo much detailTime-box, parking lot
No retro actionNo ownershipAssign owners, follow up
错误可能原因解决方案
Sprint承诺过度产能预估不切实际跟踪交付速度(Velocity),如实评估
用户故事遗留到下一个Sprint范围蔓延严格执行验收标准
站会时长过长讨论细节过多严格限时,设立“停车场”记录非紧急问题
回顾会议无行动落地缺乏责任人指定负责人,跟进执行

Debug Checklist

调试检查清单

[ ] Sprint goal clearly defined mi?
[ ] Stories properly sized mi?
[ ] WIP limits respected mi?
[ ] Retro actions implemented mi?
[ ] Velocity tracked mi?
[ ] Sprint目标是否清晰定义?
[ ] 用户故事是否已合理估算规模?
[ ] 在制品限制是否被遵守?
[ ] 回顾会议的行动项是否已执行?
[ ] 交付速度是否已跟踪?

Recovery Procedures

恢复流程

  1. Sprint Failure → Retrospective deep-dive, reset
  2. Team Burnout → Reduce scope, add slack time
  3. Velocity Drop → Investigate blockers, 1:1s
  1. Sprint失败 → 深度回顾会议,重置规划
  2. 团队 burnout → 缩减范围,增加缓冲时间
  3. 交付速度下降 → 调查阻塞因素,开展一对一沟通

Learning Outcomes

学习成果

  • Run effective sprints
  • Write well-formed user stories
  • Manage backlogs efficiently
  • Facilitate productive ceremonies
  • Track and improve velocity
  • 有效开展Sprint
  • 撰写规范的用户故事
  • 高效管理待办事项
  • 组织富有成效的会议仪式
  • 跟踪并提升交付速度