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conan-vcpkg

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Original

English
🇨🇳

Translation

Chinese

Conan and vcpkg

Conan 和 vcpkg

Purpose

用途

Guide agents through C/C++ dependency management with Conan and vcpkg: declaring dependencies, integrating with CMake, managing binary compatibility, and choosing the right tool for a given project.
指导开发者使用Conan和vcpkg进行C/C++依赖管理：声明依赖、与CMake集成、管理二进制兼容性，以及为特定项目选择合适的工具。

Triggers

触发场景

  • "How do I add a C++ library dependency with Conan?"
  • "How do I use vcpkg with CMake?"
  • "What's the difference between Conan and vcpkg?"
  • "How do I add zlib/openssl/fmt with a package manager?"
  • "How do I create a vcpkg.json manifest?"
  • "My Conan package build is failing — how do I debug it?"
  • “如何使用Conan添加C++库依赖？”
  • “如何将vcpkg与CMake配合使用？”
  • “Conan和vcpkg有什么区别？”
  • “如何使用包管理器添加zlib/openssl/fmt？”
  • “如何创建vcpkg.json清单文件？”
  • “我的Conan包构建失败了——该如何调试？”

Workflow

操作流程

1. Conan vs vcpkg decision

1. Conan与vcpkg的选择

text
Which package manager?
├── Team uses MSVC on Windows primarily → vcpkg (better MSVC integration)
├── Need binary packages (no source builds in CI) → Conan (binary cache)
├── Need cross-compilation support → Conan (profiles) or Zig-based builds
├── Need a specific version of a package → Conan (flexible versioning)
├── Quick project setup, just need it to work → vcpkg (simpler)
└── Open-source project, broad audience → vcpkg (GitHub-integrated)
text
选择哪个包管理器？
├── 团队主要在Windows上使用MSVC → vcpkg（对MSVC的集成更好）
├── 需要二进制包（CI中无需源码构建） → Conan（支持二进制缓存）
├── 需要交叉编译支持 → Conan（配置文件）或基于Zig的构建
├── 需要特定版本的包 → Conan（灵活的版本控制）
├── 快速搭建项目，只需要能运行即可 → vcpkg（更简单）
└── 开源项目，受众广泛 → vcpkg（与GitHub集成）

2. vcpkg setup

2. vcpkg安装配置

bash
undefined
bash
undefined

Clone vcpkg

Clone vcpkg

git clone https://github.com/microsoft/vcpkg.git ./vcpkg/bootstrap-vcpkg.sh # Linux/macOS ./vcpkg/bootstrap-vcpkg.bat # Windows
git clone https://github.com/microsoft/vcpkg.git ./vcpkg/bootstrap-vcpkg.sh # Linux/macOS ./vcpkg/bootstrap-vcpkg.bat # Windows

Install packages (classic mode)

安装包（经典模式）

./vcpkg/vcpkg install zlib curl openssl
./vcpkg/vcpkg install zlib curl openssl

Integrate with CMake

与CMake集成

cmake -S . -B build
-DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=/path/to/vcpkg/scripts/buildsystems/vcpkg.cmake
undefined
cmake -S . -B build
-DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=/path/to/vcpkg/scripts/buildsystems/vcpkg.cmake
undefined

3. vcpkg manifest mode (recommended)

3. vcpkg清单模式（推荐）

json
// vcpkg.json — place at project root
{
    "name": "myapp",
    "version": "1.0.0",
    "dependencies": [
        "zlib",
        "curl",
        { "name": "openssl", "version>=": "3.0.0" },
        { "name": "boost-filesystem", "platform": "!windows" },
        {
            "name": "fmt",
            "features": ["core"]
        }
    ],
    "builtin-baseline": "abc123..."
}
cmake
undefined
json
// vcpkg.json — 放置在项目根目录
{
    "name": "myapp",
    "version": "1.0.0",
    "dependencies": [
        "zlib",
        "curl",
        { "name": "openssl", "version>=": "3.0.0" },
        { "name": "boost-filesystem", "platform": "!windows" },
        {
            "name": "fmt",
            "features": ["core"]
        }
    ],
    "builtin-baseline": "abc123..."
}
cmake
undefined

CMakeLists.txt

CMakeLists.txt

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.20) project(myapp)
find_package(ZLIB REQUIRED) find_package(CURL REQUIRED) find_package(fmt REQUIRED)
add_executable(myapp src/main.cpp) target_link_libraries(myapp PRIVATE ZLIB::ZLIB CURL::libcurl fmt::fmt)

```bash
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.20) project(myapp)
find_package(ZLIB REQUIRED) find_package(CURL REQUIRED) find_package(fmt REQUIRED)
add_executable(myapp src/main.cpp) target_link_libraries(myapp PRIVATE ZLIB::ZLIB CURL::libcurl fmt::fmt)

```bash

Build — vcpkg automatically installs dependencies

构建 — vcpkg会自动安装依赖

cmake -S . -B build
-DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=/path/to/vcpkg/scripts/buildsystems/vcpkg.cmake cmake --build build
undefined
cmake -S . -B build
-DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=/path/to/vcpkg/scripts/buildsystems/vcpkg.cmake cmake --build build
undefined

4. Conan setup

4. Conan安装配置

bash
undefined
bash
undefined

Install Conan

安装Conan

pip install conan
pip install conan

Set up default profile (detects compiler, OS)

设置默认配置文件（自动检测编译器、操作系统）

conan profile detect
conan profile detect

Check your profile

查看配置文件

conan profile show
undefined
conan profile show
undefined

5. Conan with CMake (Conan 2.x)

5. Conan与CMake配合使用（Conan 2.x）

ini
undefined
ini
undefined

conanfile.txt

conanfile.txt

[requires] zlib/1.3 fmt/10.2.1 openssl/3.2.0
[generators] CMakeDeps CMakeToolchain
[options] openssl/*:shared=False

```bash
[requires] zlib/1.3 fmt/10.2.1 openssl/3.2.0
[generators] CMakeDeps CMakeToolchain
[options] openssl/*:shared=False

```bash

Install dependencies

安装依赖

conan install . --output-folder=build --build=missing
conan install . --output-folder=build --build=missing

Configure and build

配置并构建

cmake -S . -B build
-DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=build/conan_toolchain.cmake
-DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release cmake --build build

```cmake
cmake -S . -B build
-DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=build/conan_toolchain.cmake
-DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release cmake --build build

```cmake

CMakeLists.txt

CMakeLists.txt

find_package(ZLIB REQUIRED) find_package(fmt REQUIRED) find_package(OpenSSL REQUIRED)
add_executable(myapp src/main.cpp) target_link_libraries(myapp PRIVATE ZLIB::ZLIB fmt::fmt OpenSSL::SSL OpenSSL::Crypto )
undefined
find_package(ZLIB REQUIRED) find_package(fmt REQUIRED) find_package(OpenSSL REQUIRED)
add_executable(myapp src/main.cpp) target_link_libraries(myapp PRIVATE ZLIB::ZLIB fmt::fmt OpenSSL::SSL OpenSSL::Crypto )
undefined

6. Conan profiles for cross-compilation

6. 用于交叉编译的Conan配置文件

ini
undefined
ini
undefined

~/.conan2/profiles/linux-arm64

~/.conan2/profiles/linux-arm64

[settings] os=Linux arch=armv8 compiler=gcc compiler.version=12 compiler.libcxx=libstdc++11 build_type=Release
[buildenv] CC=aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc CXX=aarch64-linux-gnu-g++
[tool_requires]
[settings] os=Linux arch=armv8 compiler=gcc compiler.version=12 compiler.libcxx=libstdc++11 build_type=Release
[buildenv] CC=aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc CXX=aarch64-linux-gnu-g++
[tool_requires]

Tools that run on build machine (x86)

Tools that run on build machine (x86)


```bash

```bash

Cross-compile

交叉编译

conan install .
--profile:build=default
--profile:host=linux-arm64
--output-folder=build-arm
--build=missing
undefined
conan install .
--profile:build=default
--profile:host=linux-arm64
--output-folder=build-arm
--build=missing
undefined

7. conanfile.py (advanced)

7. conanfile.py（进阶用法）

python
undefined
python
undefined

conanfile.py

conanfile.py

from conan import ConanFile from conan.tools.cmake import CMakeToolchain, CMakeDeps, CMake
class MyAppConan(ConanFile): name = "myapp" version = "1.0" settings = "os", "compiler", "build_type", "arch"
def requirements(self):
    self.requires("zlib/1.3")
    self.requires("fmt/10.2.1")
    if self.settings.os == "Linux":
        self.requires("openssl/3.2.0")

def generate(self):
    tc = CMakeToolchain(self)
    tc.generate()
    deps = CMakeDeps(self)
    deps.generate()

def build(self):
    cmake = CMake(self)
    cmake.configure()
    cmake.build()
undefined
from conan import ConanFile from conan.tools.cmake import CMakeToolchain, CMakeDeps, CMake
class MyAppConan(ConanFile): name = "myapp" version = "1.0" settings = "os", "compiler", "build_type", "arch"
def requirements(self):
    self.requires("zlib/1.3")
    self.requires("fmt/10.2.1")
    if self.settings.os == "Linux":
        self.requires("openssl/3.2.0")

def generate(self):
    tc = CMakeToolchain(self)
    tc.generate()
    deps = CMakeDeps(self)
    deps.generate()

def build(self):
    cmake = CMake(self)
    cmake.configure()
    cmake.build()
undefined

8. Common dependency lookup

8. 常见依赖对照表

Libraryvcpkg nameConan name
zlib
zlib
zlib/1.3
OpenSSL
openssl
openssl/3.2.0
libcurl
curl
libcurl/8.4.0
{fmt}
fmt
fmt/10.2.1
spdlog
spdlog
spdlog/1.12.0
Boost
boost
boost/1.83.0
nlohmann-json
nlohmann-json
nlohmann_json/3.11.3
googletest
gtest
gtest/1.14.0
Google Benchmark
benchmark
benchmark/1.8.3
SQLite
sqlite3
sqlite3/3.44.0
protobuf
protobuf
protobuf/4.25.1
For vcpkg baseline pinning and Conan binary cache setup, see references/package-manager-patterns.md.
库vcpkg名称Conan名称
zlib
zlib
zlib/1.3
OpenSSL
openssl
openssl/3.2.0
libcurl
curl
libcurl/8.4.0
{fmt}
fmt
fmt/10.2.1
spdlog
spdlog
spdlog/1.12.0
Boost
boost
boost/1.83.0
nlohmann-json
nlohmann-json
nlohmann_json/3.11.3
googletest
gtest
gtest/1.14.0
Google Benchmark
benchmark
benchmark/1.8.3
SQLite
sqlite3
sqlite3/3.44.0
protobuf
protobuf
protobuf/4.25.1
关于vcpkg基线固定和Conan二进制缓存配置，请参考references/package-manager-patterns.md。

Related skills

相关技能

  • Use 
    skills/build-systems/cmake
    for CMake integration with both Conan and vcpkg
  • Use 
    skills/compilers/cross-gcc
    for cross-compilation with Conan profiles
  • Use 
    skills/build-systems/ninja
    as the backend for package-managed projects
  • 若需Conan和vcpkg与CMake的集成，请使用
    skills/build-systems/cmake
  • 若需结合Conan配置文件进行交叉编译，请使用
    skills/compilers/cross-gcc
  • 若需将包管理项目的构建后端设置为Ninja，请使用
    skills/build-systems/ninja