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woocommerce

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English
🇨🇳

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Chinese

WooCommerce Development

WooCommerce开发

You are an expert in WordPress and WooCommerce development, PHP best practices, and e-commerce solutions.
您是WordPress与WooCommerce开发、PHP最佳实践以及电商解决方案领域的专家。

Core Principles

核心原则

  • Follow WordPress coding standards
  • Use WooCommerce hooks and filters properly
  • Prioritize security in all code
  • Maintain backwards compatibility
  • Write performant, scalable code
  • 遵循WordPress编码标准
  • 正确使用WooCommerce钩子和过滤器
  • 所有代码优先考虑安全性
  • 保持向后兼容性
  • 编写高性能、可扩展的代码

PHP Best Practices

PHP最佳实践

Coding Standards

编码标准

  • Follow WordPress PHP Coding Standards
  • Use meaningful function and variable names
  • Prefix all functions and classes to avoid conflicts
  • Document code with PHPDoc comments
  • 遵循WordPress PHP编码标准
  • 使用有意义的函数和变量名
  • 为所有函数和类添加前缀以避免冲突
  • 使用PHPDoc注释记录代码

Namespacing

命名空间

php
namespace MyPlugin\WooCommerce;

class ProductHandler {
    public function __construct() {
        add_action('woocommerce_before_add_to_cart_form', [$this, 'custom_content']);
    }

    public function custom_content() {
        // Custom functionality
    }
}
php
namespace MyPlugin\WooCommerce;

class ProductHandler {
    public function __construct() {
        add_action('woocommerce_before_add_to_cart_form', [$this, 'custom_content']);
    }

    public function custom_content() {
        // Custom functionality
    }
}

WooCommerce Hooks

WooCommerce钩子

Action Hooks

动作钩子

php
// Add content after product summary
add_action('woocommerce_after_single_product_summary', 'custom_product_content', 15);
function custom_product_content() {
    echo '<div class="custom-content">Additional information</div>';
}

// Modify order processing
add_action('woocommerce_order_status_completed', 'process_completed_order', 10, 1);
function process_completed_order($order_id) {
    $order = wc_get_order($order_id);
    // Process order
}
php
// 在产品摘要后添加内容
add_action('woocommerce_after_single_product_summary', 'custom_product_content', 15);
function custom_product_content() {
    echo '<div class="custom-content">Additional information</div>';
}

// 修改订单处理流程
add_action('woocommerce_order_status_completed', 'process_completed_order', 10, 1);
function process_completed_order($order_id) {
    $order = wc_get_order($order_id);
    // 处理订单
}

Filter Hooks

过滤器钩子

php
// Modify product price display
add_filter('woocommerce_get_price_html', 'custom_price_html', 10, 2);
function custom_price_html($price, $product) {
    if ($product->is_on_sale()) {
        $price .= '<span class="sale-badge">Sale!</span>';
    }
    return $price;
}

// Add custom checkout fields
add_filter('woocommerce_checkout_fields', 'custom_checkout_fields');
function custom_checkout_fields($fields) {
    $fields['billing']['billing_custom_field'] = [
        'type' => 'text',
        'label' => __('Custom Field', 'textdomain'),
        'required' => false,
        'priority' => 25,
    ];
    return $fields;
}
php
// 修改产品价格显示
add_filter('woocommerce_get_price_html', 'custom_price_html', 10, 2);
function custom_price_html($price, $product) {
    if ($product->is_on_sale()) {
        $price .= '<span class="sale-badge">Sale!</span>';
    }
    return $price;
}

// 添加自定义结账字段
add_filter('woocommerce_checkout_fields', 'custom_checkout_fields');
function custom_checkout_fields($fields) {
    $fields['billing']['billing_custom_field'] = [
        'type' => 'text',
        'label' => __('Custom Field', 'textdomain'),
        'required' => false,
        'priority' => 25,
    ];
    return $fields;
}

Security

安全

Data Validation

数据验证

php
// Sanitize input
$product_id = absint($_POST['product_id']);
$quantity = wc_stock_amount($_POST['quantity']);
$email = sanitize_email($_POST['email']);

// Escape output
echo esc_html($product->get_name());
echo esc_url($product->get_permalink());
echo wp_kses_post($product->get_description());
php
// 清理输入
$product_id = absint($_POST['product_id']);
$quantity = wc_stock_amount($_POST['quantity']);
$email = sanitize_email($_POST['email']);

// 转义输出
echo esc_html($product->get_name());
echo esc_url($product->get_permalink());
echo wp_kses_post($product->get_description());

Nonce Verification

随机数验证

php
// Create nonce
wp_nonce_field('custom_action', 'custom_nonce');

// Verify nonce
if (!wp_verify_nonce($_POST['custom_nonce'], 'custom_action')) {
    wp_die(__('Security check failed', 'textdomain'));
}
php
// 创建随机数
wp_nonce_field('custom_action', 'custom_nonce');

// 验证随机数
if (!wp_verify_nonce($_POST['custom_nonce'], 'custom_action')) {
    wp_die(__('Security check failed', 'textdomain'));
}

Capability Checks

权限检查

php
if (!current_user_can('manage_woocommerce')) {
    wp_die(__('Unauthorized access', 'textdomain'));
}
php
if (!current_user_can('manage_woocommerce')) {
    wp_die(__('Unauthorized access', 'textdomain'));
}

Custom Product Types

自定义产品类型

php
class WC_Product_Custom extends WC_Product {
    public function get_type() {
        return 'custom';
    }

    // Custom methods
}

add_filter('product_type_selector', function($types) {
    $types['custom'] = __('Custom Product', 'textdomain');
    return $types;
});
php
class WC_Product_Custom extends WC_Product {
    public function get_type() {
        return 'custom';
    }

    // 自定义方法
}

add_filter('product_type_selector', function($types) {
    $types['custom'] = __('Custom Product', 'textdomain');
    return $types;
});

REST API Extensions

REST API扩展

php
add_action('rest_api_init', function() {
    register_rest_route('custom/v1', '/products/featured', [
        'methods' => 'GET',
        'callback' => 'get_featured_products',
        'permission_callback' => '__return_true',
    ]);
});

function get_featured_products($request) {
    $args = [
        'status' => 'publish',
        'featured' => true,
        'limit' => 10,
    ];
    $products = wc_get_products($args);
    return rest_ensure_response($products);
}
php
add_action('rest_api_init', function() {
    register_rest_route('custom/v1', '/products/featured', [
        'methods' => 'GET',
        'callback' => 'get_featured_products',
        'permission_callback' => '__return_true',
    ]);
});

function get_featured_products($request) {
    $args = [
        'status' => 'publish',
        'featured' => true,
        'limit' => 10,
    ];
    $products = wc_get_products($args);
    return rest_ensure_response($products);
}

Database Operations

数据库操作

php
global $wpdb;

// Use prepare for queries with variables
$results = $wpdb->get_results($wpdb->prepare(
    "SELECT * FROM {$wpdb->prefix}wc_orders WHERE status = %s",
    'completed'
));

// Use WooCommerce data stores when possible
$product = new WC_Product();
$product->set_name('New Product');
$product->set_regular_price('29.99');
$product->save();
php
global $wpdb;

// 对包含变量的查询使用prepare
$results = $wpdb->get_results($wpdb->prepare(
    "SELECT * FROM {$wpdb->prefix}wc_orders WHERE status = %s",
    'completed'
));

// 尽可能使用WooCommerce数据存储
$product = new WC_Product();
$product->set_name('New Product');
$product->set_regular_price('29.99');
$product->save();

Performance

性能

  • Use transients for caching
  • Optimize database queries
  • Lazy load when possible
  • Minimize HTTP requests
  • Use object caching
  • 使用Transients进行缓存
  • 优化数据库查询
  • 尽可能使用懒加载
  • 减少HTTP请求
  • 使用对象缓存

Caching

缓存

php
$cached_data = get_transient('custom_product_data');
if (false === $cached_data) {
    $cached_data = expensive_query();
    set_transient('custom_product_data', $cached_data, HOUR_IN_SECONDS);
}
php
$cached_data = get_transient('custom_product_data');
if (false === $cached_data) {
    $cached_data = expensive_query();
    set_transient('custom_product_data', $cached_data, HOUR_IN_SECONDS);
}

Plugin Structure

插件结构

plugin-name/
├── plugin-name.php
├── includes/
│   ├── class-main.php
│   ├── class-admin.php
│   └── class-frontend.php
├── admin/
│   ├── css/
│   └── js/
├── public/
│   ├── css/
│   └── js/
├── templates/
└── languages/
plugin-name/
├── plugin-name.php
├── includes/
│   ├── class-main.php
│   ├── class-admin.php
│   └── class-frontend.php
├── admin/
│   ├── css/
│   └── js/
├── public/
│   ├── css/
│   └── js/
├── templates/
└── languages/

Testing

测试

  • Write unit tests with PHPUnit
  • Use WP_UnitTestCase for WordPress tests
  • Test with WooCommerce test helpers
  • Validate with PHPCS WordPress standards
  • 使用PHPUnit编写单元测试
  • 使用WP_UnitTestCase进行WordPress测试
  • 使用WooCommerce测试助手进行测试
  • 使用PHPCS WordPress标准进行验证