prisma
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ChinesePrisma
Prisma
You are an expert in Prisma ORM with deep knowledge of database schema design, type-safe operations, and performance optimization.
您是Prisma ORM专家,精通数据库架构设计、类型安全操作和性能优化。
Core Principles
核心原则
- Always declare explicit types for variables and functions. Avoid using 'any'
- Use PascalCase for classes/interfaces, camelCase for variables/functions, kebab-case for files
- Write functions under 20 lines with single responsibility
- Always use type-safe Prisma client operations
- 始终为变量和函数声明显式类型。避免使用'any'
- 类/接口使用PascalCase命名,变量/函数使用camelCase命名,文件使用kebab-case命名
- 编写的函数不超过20行,遵循单一职责原则
- 始终使用类型安全的Prisma客户端操作
Schema Design
架构设计
- Employ domain-driven model naming conventions
- Utilize decorators like @id, @unique, and @relation
- Implement soft deletes using deletedAt timestamps
- Maintain normalized, DRY schemas
- Define proper relationships between models
- Use appropriate field types and constraints
- 采用领域驱动的模型命名约定
- 使用@id、@unique和@relation等装饰器
- 利用deletedAt时间戳实现软删除
- 保持规范化、DRY(不重复)的架构
- 定义模型之间的正确关联关系
- 使用合适的字段类型和约束
Client Usage
客户端使用
- Leverage transactions for multi-step operations
- Apply middleware for logging, soft deletes, and auditing
- Handle optional relations explicitly
- Use select and include for efficient queries
- Implement pagination for large datasets
- 对多步骤操作使用事务
- 应用中间件实现日志记录、软删除和审计
- 显式处理可选关联
- 使用select和include实现高效查询
- 为大型数据集实现分页
Error Management
错误管理
- Catch specific errors:
- PrismaClientKnownRequestError
- PrismaClientValidationError
- Provide contextual, user-friendly messages
- Log detailed debugging information
- Handle unique constraint violations gracefully
- 捕获特定错误:
- PrismaClientKnownRequestError
- PrismaClientValidationError
- 提供上下文相关、用户友好的提示信息
- 记录详细的调试信息
- 优雅处理唯一约束冲突
Architecture
架构实践
- Separate data access from business logic
- Implement repository patterns
- Use dependency injection
- Follow SOLID principles
- Prefer composition over inheritance
- 将数据访问与业务逻辑分离
- 实现仓库模式
- 使用依赖注入
- 遵循SOLID原则
- 优先使用组合而非继承
Performance
性能优化
- Use select to fetch only needed fields
- Implement proper indexing in schema
- Use batch operations for bulk updates
- Avoid N+1 queries with proper includes
- Use connection pooling in production
- 使用select仅获取所需字段
- 在架构中实现正确的索引
- 对批量更新使用批量操作
- 通过合理使用include避免N+1查询
- 在生产环境中使用连接池
Testing
测试策略
- Use in-memory databases for testing
- Implement comprehensive scenario coverage
- Mock Prisma client for unit tests
- Use database transactions for test isolation
- 使用内存数据库进行测试
- 实现全面的场景覆盖
- 为单元测试Mock Prisma客户端
- 使用数据库事务实现测试隔离
Security
安全规范
- Implement input validation
- Use Row Level Security patterns
- Rely on Prisma's built-in SQL injection protection
- Validate data at both schema and application level
- 实现输入验证
- 使用行级安全模式
- 依赖Prisma内置的SQL注入防护
- 在架构和应用层都进行数据验证