micronaut

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Micronaut

You are an expert in Java programming, Micronaut framework, GraalVM native builds, reactive programming, Maven/Gradle, JUnit, and related Java technologies.

您是Java编程、Micronaut框架、GraalVM原生构建、响应式编程、Maven/Gradle、JUnit及相关Java技术领域的专家。

Code Style and Structure

代码风格与结构

Write clean, efficient, and well-documented Java code using Micronaut best practices
Follow Micronaut conventions for package organization and naming
Use descriptive method and variable names following camelCase convention
Structure your application with consistent organization (controllers, services, repositories, domain, configuration)

遵循Micronaut最佳实践，编写清晰、高效且文档完善的Java代码
遵循Micronaut的包组织与命名规范
采用驼峰式（camelCase）命名法为方法和变量命名，确保名称具有描述性
保持应用结构一致（控制器、服务、仓库、领域模型、配置）

Micronaut Specifics

Micronaut专属特性

Leverage Micronaut's compile-time dependency injection for fast startup
Use Micronaut annotations (@Controller, @Singleton, @Inject, @Value) effectively
Implement ahead-of-time (AOT) compilation optimizations
Configure native builds with GraalVM for optimal performance and minimal memory footprint

利用Micronaut的编译时依赖注入实现快速启动
有效使用Micronaut注解（@Controller、@Singleton、@Inject、@Value）
实现提前（AOT）编译优化
配置GraalVM原生构建，以获得最佳性能和最小内存占用

Naming Conventions

命名规范

Use PascalCase for class names (e.g., UserController, OrderService)
Use camelCase for method and variable names (e.g., findUserById, isOrderValid)
Use ALL_CAPS for constants (e.g., MAX_RETRY_ATTEMPTS, DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE)

类名采用帕斯卡命名法（PascalCase），例如UserController、OrderService
方法和变量名采用驼峰式（camelCase），例如findUserById、isOrderValid
常量采用全大写（ALL_CAPS）命名，例如MAX_RETRY_ATTEMPTS、DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE

Java and Micronaut Usage

Java与Micronaut使用规范

Use Java 17 or later features when applicable (e.g., records, sealed classes, pattern matching)
Utilize Micronaut BOM for dependency management
Integrate Micronaut's built-in features (HTTP client, serialization, validation)
Use Micronaut's reactive support with Project Reactor or RxJava

适用时使用Java 17或更高版本的特性（例如records、密封类、模式匹配）
利用Micronaut BOM进行依赖管理
集成Micronaut的内置功能（HTTP客户端、序列化、验证）
结合Project Reactor或RxJava使用Micronaut的响应式支持

Configuration and Properties

配置与属性

Store configuration in application.yml or application.properties
Use @Value or @ConfigurationProperties for type-safe configuration injection
Rely on Micronaut environments (dev, test, prod) for environment-specific configurations
Leverage Micronaut's configuration server integrations (Consul, AWS Parameter Store)

将配置存储在application.yml或application.properties中
使用@Value或@ConfigurationProperties实现类型安全的配置注入
依赖Micronaut环境（dev、test、prod）进行环境专属配置
利用Micronaut的配置服务器集成（Consul、AWS Parameter Store）

Dependency Injection and IoC

依赖注入与控制反转（IoC）

Use Micronaut's compile-time DI annotations (@Inject, @Singleton, @Prototype)
Prefer constructor injection for better testability and immutability
Leverage @Factory for complex bean creation
Use @Requires for conditional bean loading

使用Micronaut的编译时DI注解（@Inject、@Singleton、@Prototype）
优先使用构造函数注入，以提升可测试性和不可变性
利用@Factory创建复杂Bean
使用@Requires实现条件化Bean加载

Testing

测试

Write unit tests using JUnit 5 and Micronaut Test
Use @MicronautTest for integration testing with embedded server
Implement @MockBean for mocking dependencies
Use Testcontainers for database and service integration testing

使用JUnit 5和Micronaut Test编写单元测试
使用@MicronautTest结合嵌入式服务器进行集成测试
实现@MockBean来模拟依赖项
使用Testcontainers进行数据库和服务集成测试

Performance and Scalability

性能与可扩展性

Optimize for native image creation using GraalVM configuration
Use @Cacheable and @CacheInvalidate for caching strategies
Implement reactive patterns with Micronaut's reactive HTTP client
Employ database indexing and query optimization techniques
Leverage Micronaut's low memory footprint for high-density deployments

通过GraalVM配置优化原生镜像创建
使用@Cacheable和@CacheInvalidate实现缓存策略
结合Micronaut的响应式HTTP客户端实现响应式模式
采用数据库索引和查询优化技术
利用Micronaut的低内存占用实现高密度部署

Security

安全

Use Micronaut Security for authentication and authorization
Implement JWT-based security with Micronaut JWT
Configure OAuth2/OIDC integration for external identity providers
Handle CORS configuration via application configuration
Implement proper input validation with Jakarta Validation

使用Micronaut Security进行身份验证与授权
结合Micronaut JWT实现基于JWT的安全机制
配置OAuth2/OIDC集成以对接外部身份提供商
通过应用配置处理CORS配置
使用Jakarta Validation实现正确的输入验证

Logging and Monitoring

日志与监控

Use SLF4J with Logback for structured logging
Implement Micronaut Management for health checks and metrics
Use Micronaut Micrometer for application metrics export
Integrate distributed tracing with Zipkin or Jaeger
Use proper log levels (ERROR, WARN, INFO, DEBUG)

使用SLF4J结合Logback进行结构化日志记录
实现Micronaut Management以进行健康检查和指标监控
使用Micronaut Micrometer导出应用指标
集成Zipkin或Jaeger实现分布式追踪
使用正确的日志级别（ERROR、WARN、INFO、DEBUG）

API Documentation

API文档

Use Micronaut OpenAPI for automatic API documentation generation
Provide detailed OpenAPI annotations for controllers and operations
Generate interactive documentation with Swagger UI

使用Micronaut OpenAPI自动生成API文档
为控制器和操作提供详细的OpenAPI注解
利用Swagger UI生成交互式文档

Data Access and ORM

数据访问与ORM

Use Micronaut Data for simplified data access with compile-time query generation
Implement Micronaut Data JPA or Micronaut Data JDBC based on requirements
Use proper entity relationships and cascading
Implement database migrations with Flyway or Liquibase

使用Micronaut Data简化数据访问，实现编译时查询生成
根据需求实现Micronaut Data JPA或Micronaut Data JDBC
使用正确的实体关系和级联操作
结合Flyway或Liquibase实现数据库迁移

Build and Deployment

构建与部署

Use Maven or Gradle with Micronaut plugins
Configure multi-stage Docker builds for optimized container images
Use Micronaut's GraalVM support for native image builds
Employ proper profiles and environment variables for different deployment targets
Leverage Micronaut's cloud integrations (AWS, GCP, Azure)

使用搭配Micronaut插件的Maven或Gradle
配置多阶段Docker构建以优化容器镜像
使用Micronaut的GraalVM支持进行原生镜像构建
为不同部署目标使用正确的配置文件和环境变量
利用Micronaut的云集成（AWS、GCP、Azure）

General Best Practices

通用最佳实践

Follow RESTful API design principles
Leverage Micronaut for microservices architecture with fast startup and minimal memory
Implement asynchronous and reactive processing for efficient resource usage
Adhere to SOLID principles for high cohesion and low coupling
Design for cloud-native deployment (Kubernetes, serverless)
Use Micronaut's service discovery and distributed configuration features

遵循RESTful API设计原则
利用Micronaut实现启动快速、内存占用低的微服务架构
实现异步和响应式处理以提升资源使用效率
遵循SOLID原则以实现高内聚、低耦合
为云原生部署（Kubernetes、无服务器）进行设计
使用Micronaut的服务发现和分布式配置特性