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Original

English
🇨🇳

Translation

Chinese

Jobs-to-be-Done Product Design

Jobs-to-be-Done产品设计

When This Skill Activates

本技能的适用场景

Claude uses this skill when:
  • Designing new features
  • Understanding customer needs
  • Moving beyond feature requests
  • Identifying real jobs to be done
Claude会在以下场景启用本技能:
  • 设计新功能
  • 理解客户需求
  • 跳出单纯的功能请求
  • 识别真实的待办任务

Core Frameworks

核心框架

1. Jobs Theory (Source: Bob Moesta, JTBD Co-Creator)

1. Jobs-to-be-Done理论(来源:Bob Moesta,JTBD联合创始人)

Core Principle:
"People don't buy products, they hire them to make progress in their lives."
The Job:
  • Functional: What needs to get done?
  • Emotional: How do they want to feel?
  • Social: How do they want to be perceived?
核心原则:
"人们购买的不是产品,而是‘雇佣’产品来帮助自己在生活中取得进展。"
待办任务包含三个维度:
  • 功能性:需要完成什么具体事务?
  • 情感性:用户希望获得怎样的感受?
  • 社会性:用户希望给他人留下怎样的印象?

2. Forces Diagram

2. 作用力模型图

Four Forces:
PUSH (away from current):
- Pains with current solution
- Frustrations

PULL (toward new):
- Attraction to new solution
- Expected benefits

ANXIETY (hesitation):
- Fear of new
- "What if it doesn't work?"

HABIT (inertia):
- "Current way works okay"
- Switching cost

四种作用力:
推动因素(远离当前状态):
- 当前解决方案的痛点
- 挫败感

拉动因素(趋向新状态):
- 对新解决方案的吸引力
- 预期收益

焦虑因素(犹豫):
- 对新事物的恐惧
- "如果没用怎么办?"

习惯因素(惯性):
- "当前方式还能用"
- 转换成本

Action Templates

行动模板

Template: JTBD Analysis

模板:JTBD分析

markdown
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markdown
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Feature: [Name]

功能:[名称]

The Job

待办任务

When [situation], I want to [motivation], So I can [expected outcome].
[场景], 我希望 [动机], 以便 [预期结果]。

Example:

示例:

When I'm planning my week, I want to see all my commitments in one place, So I can feel in control and not miss anything.
当我规划一周日程时, 我希望在一个地方看到所有待办事项, 这样我能感到掌控一切,不会遗漏任何事情。

Forces Analysis

作用力分析

Push (Problems with Current)

推动因素(当前问题)

  • [Current pain 1]
  • [Current pain 2]
  • [当前痛点1]
  • [当前痛点2]

Pull (Attraction to New)

拉动因素(新方案吸引力)

  • [Desired benefit 1]
  • [Desired benefit 2]
  • [期望收益1]
  • [期望收益2]

Anxiety (Hesitations)

焦虑因素(顾虑)

  • [Worry 1: "What if..."]
  • [Worry 2: "What if..."]
  • [担忧1:“如果……怎么办?”]
  • [担忧2:“如果……怎么办?”]

Habit (Inertia)

习惯因素(惯性)

  • [Current habit 1]
  • [Switching cost]
  • [当前习惯1]
  • [转换成本]

Design for the Job

基于待办任务的设计

Functional

功能性

[How feature helps get job done]
[功能如何帮助完成待办任务]

Emotional

情感性

[How feature makes them feel]
[功能能带给用户怎样的感受]

Social

社会性

[How it affects their image]
[功能如何影响用户的个人形象]

Address Forces

应对作用力

  • Reduce anxiety: [how]
  • Overcome habit: [how]
  • Amplify pull: [how]

---
  • 降低焦虑: [具体方式]
  • 克服习惯: [具体方式]
  • 强化拉动: [具体方式]

---

Quick Reference

快速参考

🎯 JTBD Checklist

🎯 JTBD检查清单

Understand Job:
  • Situation identified
  • Motivation clear
  • Desired outcome defined
  • Job story written
Forces:
  • Push forces (current pains)
  • Pull forces (desired benefits)
  • Anxiety forces (hesitations)
  • Habit forces (inertia)
Design:
  • Solves functional job
  • Addresses emotional job
  • Considers social job
  • Reduces switching anxiety

理解待办任务:
  • 已识别场景
  • 动机清晰
  • 已定义预期结果
  • 已撰写待办任务故事
作用力:
  • 推动因素(当前痛点)
  • 拉动因素(期望收益)
  • 焦虑因素(顾虑)
  • 习惯因素(惯性)
设计:
  • 解决功能性待办任务
  • 满足情感性待办任务
  • 考虑社会性待办任务
  • 降低转换焦虑

Real-World Examples

实际案例

Example: Milkshake Marketing (Bob Moesta)

案例:奶昔营销(Bob Moesta)

Wrong Question: "How do we make better milkshakes?" Right Question: "What job is the milkshake being hired for?"
Discovery:
  • Morning commuters: Long, thick shake for entertainment during boring drive
  • Parents: Quick, thin shake to feel like good parent ("I got you a treat")
Result: Different products for different jobs

错误问题:“我们如何制作更好的奶昔?” 正确问题:“奶昔被‘雇佣’来完成什么待办任务?”
发现:
  • 早高峰通勤者:浓稠的奶昔用于在枯燥的驾驶途中解闷
  • 父母:稀薄的奶昔用于让自己感觉是个好家长(“我给你买了小零食”)
**结果:**针对不同待办任务设计不同产品

Key Quotes

关键引言

Bob Moesta:
"People don't want a quarter-inch drill. They want a quarter-inch hole."
Clayton Christensen:
"When we buy a product, we essentially 'hire' something to get a job done."
Bob Moesta:
“人们想要的不是四分之一英寸的钻头,而是四分之一英寸的孔。”
Clayton Christensen:
“当我们购买产品时,本质上是‘雇佣’某样东西来完成一项任务。”