continuous-discovery
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ChineseContinuous Discovery Habits
持续发现习惯
When This Skill Activates
本技能的适用场景
Claude uses this skill when:
- Setting up discovery processes
- Planning weekly user research
- Creating opportunity solution trees
- Testing assumptions
- Building product trio workflows
- Prioritizing discovery activities
当Claude遇到以下场景时会启用本技能:
- 构建发现流程
- 规划每周用户研究
- 创建机会解决方案树(Opportunity Solution Trees)
- 验证假设
- 搭建产品三人组(Product Trio)工作流
- 优先安排发现活动
Core Frameworks
核心框架
1. Continuous Discovery Habits (Source: Teresa Torres)
1. 持续发现习惯(来源:Teresa Torres)
The Core Principle:
"At a minimum, weekly touchpoints with customers by the team building the product, where they conduct small research activities in pursuit of a desired outcome."
The Three Pillars:
- Weekly customer contact by the product trio (PM, designer, engineer)
- Opportunity solution trees to visualize discovery
- Assumption testing before building
Use when: Establishing discovery processes or improving product decisions
核心原则:
"至少,构建产品的团队每周要与用户进行沟通,开展小型研究活动以达成预期成果。"
三大支柱:
- 每周用户沟通:由产品三人组(PM、设计师、工程师)执行
- 机会解决方案树:可视化呈现发现过程
- 假设验证:在开发前完成验证
适用场景: 构建发现流程或优化产品决策时
2. The Product Trio
2. 产品三人组(Product Trio)
The Team:
- Product Manager: Ensures business viability
- Designer: Ensures usability and desirability
- Engineer: Ensures feasibility
Why Together:
"When a designer, engineer, and PM collaborate on discovery, you get better decisions faster. Each brings a unique lens."
How:
- All three participate in customer interviews
- All three analyze research together
- All three generate solutions together
- All three test assumptions together
团队构成:
- Product Manager(PM):确保业务可行性
- Designer(设计师):确保可用性与吸引力
- Engineer(工程师):确保技术可行性
为何协同工作:
"当设计师、工程师和产品经理协同开展发现工作时,能更快做出更优决策。每个人都能带来独特视角。"
协作方式:
- 三人共同参与用户访谈
- 三人共同分析研究结果
- 三人共同生成解决方案
- 三人共同验证假设
3. Opportunity Solution Trees
3. 机会解决方案树(Opportunity Solution Trees)
The Structure:
Outcome (top)
↓
Opportunities (customer needs/pain points)
↓
Solutions (possible ways to address)
↓
Assumptions (what needs to be true)
↓
Experiments (how to test)Use when: Need to visualize the path from outcome to solution
Example:
Outcome: Increase retention to 80%
↓
Opportunity: Users forget to use the product
↓
Solution: Daily email reminder
↓
Assumption: Users check email daily
↓
Experiment: Survey 20 users about email habits结构:
Outcome (top)
↓
Opportunities (customer needs/pain points)
↓
Solutions (possible ways to address)
↓
Assumptions (what needs to be true)
↓
Experiments (how to test)适用场景: 需要可视化从成果到解决方案的路径时
示例:
Outcome: Increase retention to 80%
↓
Opportunity: Users forget to use the product
↓
Solution: Daily email reminder
↓
Assumption: Users check email daily
↓
Experiment: Survey 20 users about email habits4. Interview Snapshot
4. 访谈快照
The One-Pager:
After each interview, create a snapshot capturing:
- Date & Participant: Who and when
- Key Insights: 3-5 main takeaways
- Opportunities: Customer needs/pain points discovered
- Quotes: Verbatim customer language
- Next Steps: What to test or explore next
Why: Keeps learning accessible to the whole team
单页文档:
每次访谈后,创建一份快照记录以下内容:
- 日期与受访者: 访谈对象及时间
- 核心洞察: 3-5个主要结论
- 机会点: 发现的用户需求或痛点
- 引用: 用户的原话
- 下一步行动: 后续要测试或探索的内容
作用: 让整个团队都能获取访谈所得的信息
5. Assumption Testing
5. 假设验证
The Progression:
Story → Assumptions → Tests → EvidenceQuestion to Ask:
"What needs to be true for this solution to work?"
Test Types (by risk/cost):
- One-question surveys (lowest risk)
- Customer interviews
- Prototypes/mockups
- Concierge tests (manual behind-the-scenes)
- Wizard of Oz (fake the feature)
- Live data tests (build and measure)
Rule: Test highest-risk assumptions first with lowest-cost method
流程:
Story → Assumptions → Tests → Evidence要问的问题:
"要让这个解决方案奏效,哪些前提必须成立?"
测试类型(按风险/成本划分):
- 单问题调研(风险最低)
- 用户访谈
- 原型/线框图测试
- 礼宾式测试(后台手动操作)
- 绿野仙踪测试(模拟功能)
- 实时数据测试(开发后测量)
原则: 先用最低成本的方法测试最高风险的假设
Decision Trees
决策树
Should I Build This Feature?
我应该开发这个功能吗?
Do we have a clear outcome?
├─ No → Define outcome first
└─ Yes → Have we interviewed 6+ customers?
├─ No → Do discovery first
└─ Yes → Have we identified opportunities?
├─ No → Map opportunities
└─ Yes → Have we tested key assumptions?
├─ No → Test assumptions first
└─ Yes → Build it!我们有明确的成果目标吗?
├─ 否 → 先定义成果目标
└─ 是 → 我们是否访谈了6名以上用户?
├─ 否 → 先开展发现工作
└─ 是 → 我们是否已识别机会点?
├─ 否 → 梳理机会点
└─ 是 → 我们是否已验证关键假设?
├─ 否 → 先验证假设
└─ 是 → 开发!How Should I Test This Assumption?
我应该如何验证这个假设?
What's the risk if we're wrong?
├─ Low risk → Build and ship (reversible)
└─ High risk → How much does testing cost?
├─ Low cost → Interview 5 users
├─ Medium cost → Prototype test
└─ High cost → Still cheaper than building wrong thing如果我们错了,风险有多大?
├─ 低风险 → 开发并发布(可回滚)
└─ 高风险 → 测试成本有多高?
├─ 低成本 → 访谈5名用户
├─ 中等成本 → 原型测试
└─ 高成本 → 仍比开发错误的功能更划算Action Templates
行动模板
Template: Weekly Discovery Plan
模板:每周发现计划
markdown
undefinedmarkdown
undefinedWeekly Discovery Plan - Week of [Date]
每周发现计划 - [日期]
Outcome We're Pursuing
我们追求的成果
[e.g., Increase activation rate to 50%]
[例如:将激活率提升至50%]
This Week's Focus
本周重点
Opportunity: [Which pain point are we exploring?]
Solution: [Which solution are we considering?]
Key Assumption: [What needs to be true?]
机会点: [我们正在探索哪个痛点?]
解决方案: [我们正在考虑哪个方案?]
核心假设: [哪些前提必须成立?]
Discovery Activities (Minimum 1 per week)
发现活动(每周至少1项)
Monday-Wednesday: Research
周一至周三:研究
- Interview 1: [Participant profile] - [PM/Designer/Engineer attending]
- Interview 2: [Participant profile] - [PM/Designer/Engineer attending]
- Interview 3: [Participant profile] - [PM/Designer/Engineer attending]
- 访谈1:[受访者画像] - [参与的PM/设计师/工程师]
- 访谈2:[受访者画像] - [参与的PM/设计师/工程师]
- 访谈3:[受访者画像] - [参与的PM/设计师/工程师]
Thursday: Synthesis
周四:总结
- Product trio synthesis session (30 min)
- Create/update interview snapshots
- Update opportunity solution tree
- Identify new assumptions to test
- 产品三人组总结会议(30分钟)
- 创建/更新访谈快照
- 更新机会解决方案树
- 识别新的待验证假设
Friday: Planning
周五:规划
- Review evidence collected
- Decide: build, test more, or pivot?
- Plan next week's discovery activities
- 回顾收集到的证据
- 决策:开发、进一步测试或调整方向
- 规划下周的发现活动
Interview Snapshots
访谈快照
[Link to snapshots folder]
[快照文件夹链接]
Opportunity Solution Tree
机会解决方案树
[Link to latest tree]
---[最新版本链接]
---Template: Interview Snapshot
模板:访谈快照
markdown
undefinedmarkdown
undefinedInterview Snapshot - [Date]
访谈快照 - [日期]
Participant
受访者
- Name/ID: [Anonymized if needed]
- Role: [Job title/persona]
- Context: [Relevant background]
- 姓名/ID: [必要时匿名]
- 角色: [职位/用户画像]
- 背景: [相关经历]
Interview Focus
访谈重点
[What we were trying to learn]
[我们想要了解的内容]
Key Insights
核心洞察
- [First major insight]
- [Second major insight]
- [Third major insight]
- [第一个主要洞察]
- [第二个主要洞察]
- [第三个主要洞察]
Opportunities Discovered
发现的机会点
- 📍 [Pain point or unmet need #1]
- 📍 [Pain point or unmet need #2]
- 📍 [Pain point or unmet need #3]
- 📍 [痛点或未被满足的需求1]
- 📍 [痛点或未被满足的需求2]
- 📍 [痛点或未被满足的需求3]
Memorable Quotes
难忘引用
"[Exact customer words that capture key point]"
"[Another powerful quote]"
"[能体现核心观点的用户原话]"
"[另一句有力的引用]"
Updated Assumptions
更新后的假设
- ✅ Validated: [What we confirmed]
- ❌ Invalidated: [What we disproved]
- ❓ New: [New assumptions to test]
- ✅ 已验证:[我们确认的内容]
- ❌ 未验证:[我们推翻的内容]
- ❓ 新假设:[待验证的新假设]
Next Steps
下一步行动
- [Specific action based on learning]
- [Another action]
- [基于洞察的具体行动]
- [另一项行动]
Attending
参与人员
- [PM name]
- [Designer name]
- [Engineer name]
---- [PM姓名]
- [设计师姓名]
- [工程师姓名]
---Template: Opportunity Solution Tree
模板:机会解决方案树
markdown
undefinedmarkdown
undefinedOpportunity Solution Tree - [Product/Feature Name]
机会解决方案树 - [产品/功能名称]
Outcome
成果
🎯 [Business outcome we're driving]
[Specific, measurable, time-bound]
🎯 [我们要达成的业务成果]
[具体、可衡量、有时限]
Opportunities (Customer Needs/Pain Points)
机会点(用户需求/痛点)
Opportunity 1: [Customer problem]
机会点1:[用户问题]
Evidence: [3-5 customer interviews, usage data, etc.]
Impact: [How big is this problem?]
证据: [3-5次用户访谈、使用数据等]
影响: 这个问题的严重程度如何?
Solutions Being Considered:
正在考虑的解决方案:
-
[Solution A]
- Assumptions:
- Assumption 1
- Assumption 2
- Tests: [How we'll validate]
- Status: [Testing/Building/Shipped]
- Assumptions:
-
[Solution B]
- Assumptions:
- Assumption 1
- Assumption 2
- Tests: [How we'll validate]
- Status: [Testing/Building/Shipped]
- Assumptions:
-
[方案A]
- 假设:
- 假设1
- 假设2
- 测试方式:[我们将如何验证]
- 状态:[测试中/开发中/已发布]
- 假设:
-
[方案B]
- 假设:
- 假设1
- 假设2
- 测试方式:[我们将如何验证]
- 状态:[测试中/开发中/已发布]
- 假设:
Opportunity 2: [Another customer problem]
机会点2:[另一个用户问题]
Evidence: [3-5 customer interviews, usage data, etc.]
Impact: [How big is this problem?]
[Continue for each opportunity...]
证据: [3-5次用户访谈、使用数据等]
影响: 这个问题的严重程度如何?
[继续添加每个机会点...]
Decision Log
决策日志
- [Date]: Chose Solution A for Opportunity 1 because [evidence]
- [Date]: Decided to test Assumption X before building
- [Date]: Pivoted from Solution B to Solution C based on [learning]
---- [日期]: 选择机会点1的方案A,原因是[证据]
- [日期]: 决定在开发前先验证假设X
- [日期]: 根据[洞察]从方案B调整为方案C
---Template: Assumption Test Plan
模板:假设验证计划
markdown
undefinedmarkdown
undefinedAssumption Test Plan - [Feature/Solution Name]
假设验证计划 - [功能/方案名称]
Solution Statement
方案说明
[Brief description of what we're considering building]
[我们考虑开发的内容的简要描述]
Key Assumptions
核心假设
Assumption 1: [High Risk]
假设1:[高风险]
Statement: [What needs to be true]
If wrong: [What's the impact?]
Confidence: [Low/Medium/High]
Test Method: [Interview/Survey/Prototype/etc.]
Success Criteria: [What would validate this?]
Timeline: [When we'll test]
Owner: [Who's running the test]
陈述: [哪些前提必须成立]
如果错误: [影响是什么?]
信心程度: [低/中/高]
测试方法: [访谈/调研/原型等]
成功标准: [什么情况能验证该假设]
时间线: [我们将在何时测试]
负责人: [执行测试的人员]
Assumption 2: [Medium Risk]
假设2:[中风险]
Statement: [What needs to be true]
If wrong: [What's the impact?]
Confidence: [Low/Medium/High]
Test Method: [Interview/Survey/Prototype/etc.]
Success Criteria: [What would validate this?]
Timeline: [When we'll test]
Owner: [Who's running the test]
陈述: [哪些前提必须成立]
如果错误: [影响是什么?]
信心程度: [低/中/高]
测试方法: [访谈/调研/原型等]
成功标准: [什么情况能验证该假设]
时间线: [我们将在何时测试]
负责人: [执行测试的人员]
Test Results
测试结果
Assumption 1 Results
假设1结果
Date Tested: [Date]
Method Used: [What we did]
Sample Size: [How many participants]
Findings:
- [Key finding 1]
- [Key finding 2]
- [Key finding 3]
Decision: ✅ Validated / ❌ Invalidated / ❓ Needs more testing
Next Steps: [What we'll do based on results]
测试日期: [日期]
使用方法: [我们采取的行动]
样本量: [受访者数量]
发现:
- [核心发现1]
- [核心发现2]
- [核心发现3]
决策: ✅ 已验证 / ❌ 未验证 / ❓ 需要更多测试
下一步行动: [基于结果的行动]
Assumption 2 Results
假设2结果
[Same structure as above]
---[与上述结构相同]
---Quick Reference
快速参考
📅 Weekly Discovery Cadence
📅 每周发现节奏
Every Week Minimum:
- 3-5 customer touchpoints (interviews, observation, etc.)
- Product trio participates together
- Create interview snapshots
- Update opportunity solution tree
- Test at least 1 assumption
Every Month:
- Review all evidence collected
- Update outcomes if needed
- Celebrate learning (not just building)
每周至少完成:
- 3-5次用户接触(访谈、观察等)
- 产品三人组共同参与
- 创建访谈快照
- 更新机会解决方案树
- 至少验证1个假设
每月完成:
- 回顾所有收集到的证据
- 必要时更新成果目标
- 庆祝洞察成果(而非仅庆祝开发成果)
🎯 Discovery vs Delivery Balance
🎯 发现与交付的平衡
Good Discovery Practice:
- ✅ Discovery happens weekly (not just quarterly)
- ✅ Product trio does discovery together
- ✅ Small tests before big builds
- ✅ Evidence-based decisions
- ✅ Comfortable saying "we learned that won't work"
Signs of Insufficient Discovery:
- ❌ Only talking to customers after shipping
- ❌ PM does all research alone
- ❌ Building first, validating later
- ❌ Opinion-based decisions
- ❌ Fear of "wasting time" on research
良好的发现实践:
- ✅ 每周开展发现工作(而非仅每季度)
- ✅ 产品三人组共同开展发现工作
- ✅ 大型开发前先进行小型测试
- ✅ 基于证据做决策
- ✅ 坦然接受“我们发现这个方案不可行”
发现不足的迹象:
- ❌ 仅在发布后才与用户沟通
- ❌ 仅由PM独自开展所有研究
- ❌ 先开发后验证
- ❌ 基于观点做决策
- ❌ 害怕“在研究上浪费时间”
🌳 Opportunity Solution Tree Checklist
🌳 机会解决方案树检查清单
Before Creating:
- Clear outcome defined
- Conducted 6+ customer interviews
- Identified multiple opportunities
When Building Tree:
- Start with ONE outcome (top)
- Map opportunities (not solutions)
- Generate multiple solutions per opportunity
- List assumptions for each solution
- Plan tests for assumptions
Using the Tree:
- Update weekly with new learning
- Share with stakeholders
- Use to explain why you're building what
- Reference when prioritizing work
创建前:
- 已明确成果目标
- 已开展6次以上用户访谈
- 已识别多个机会点
构建树时:
- 从一个成果目标开始(顶部)
- 梳理机会点(而非解决方案)
- 为每个机会点生成多个解决方案
- 列出每个方案的假设
- 规划假设的测试方式
使用树时:
- 每周根据新洞察更新
- 与利益相关者共享
- 用于解释开发内容的原因
- 用于优先安排工作
🧪 Assumption Testing Hierarchy
🧪 假设验证优先级
Test in This Order:
- Desirability - Do customers want this?
- Usability - Can they use it?
- Feasibility - Can we build it?
- Viability - Should we build it?
Use Cheapest Test First:
Interview < Survey < Prototype < Concierge < Build按以下顺序测试:
- 吸引力 - 用户想要这个吗?
- 可用性 - 用户能使用吗?
- 可行性 - 我们能开发吗?
- ** viability(商业可行性)** - 我们应该开发吗?
先用最便宜的测试方法:
访谈 < 调研 < 原型 < 礼宾式测试 < 开发Real-World Examples
实际案例
Example: Spotify's Discovery Process
案例:Spotify的发现流程
Outcome: Increase music discovery engagement
Opportunity: Users don't know what to listen to
- Evidence: Interviews showed decision fatigue
- Solution considered: Algorithmic playlists
- Assumption: Users trust algorithmic recommendations
- Test: Created Discover Weekly, measured engagement
- Result: Massive success, became core feature
Key Learning: They tested the algorithm assumption before building fancy UX
成果目标: 提升音乐发现参与度
机会点: 用户不知道该听什么
- 证据:访谈显示用户存在决策疲劳
- 考虑的解决方案:算法推荐歌单
- 假设:用户信任算法推荐
- 测试:创建Discover Weekly,测量参与度
- 结果:大获成功,成为核心功能
核心洞察: 他们在开发复杂的用户体验之前先验证了算法相关假设
Example: Netflix's Continue Watching
案例:Netflix的“继续观看”功能
Outcome: Reduce time to content consumption
Opportunity: Users forget what they were watching
- Evidence: Drop-off analysis + customer interviews
- Solution: "Continue Watching" row
- Assumption: Users want to resume (not restart)
- Test: A/B test with 5% of users
- Result: Validated, rolled to 100%
Key Learning: Small test before full build saved months of work
成果目标: 减少内容消费的准备时间
机会点: 用户忘记之前看到哪里
- 证据:流失分析+用户访谈
- 解决方案:“继续观看”栏目
- 假设:用户想要继续观看(而非重新开始)
- 测试:对5%用户进行A/B测试
- 结果:验证有效,推广至100%用户
核心洞察: 开发前的小型测试节省了数月的工作
Common Pitfalls
常见陷阱
❌ Discovery Theater
❌ 发现表演
Problem: Doing research but not changing decisions
Solution: Explicitly decide what you'll do if assumptions are wrong
问题: 开展了研究但未改变决策
解决方案: 明确假设错误时的应对方案
❌ Outsourcing Discovery
❌ 外包发现工作
Problem: PM does research, then "throws it over the wall"
Solution: Product trio interviews together
问题: PM独自完成所有研究,然后“甩锅”给团队
解决方案: 产品三人组共同参与访谈
❌ Building Multiple Solutions at Once
❌ 同时开发多个解决方案
Problem: Spreading resources too thin
Solution: Test assumptions first, build one at a time
问题: 资源过于分散
解决方案: 先验证假设,再逐个开发
❌ Skipping Discovery "To Move Fast"
❌ 跳过发现“以求快速推进”
Problem: Building wrong thing is slowest path
Solution: Small tests are faster than big rebuilds
问题: 开发错误的功能是最慢的路径
解决方案: 小型测试比大型重构更快
❌ Only Talking to Happy Customers
❌ 仅与满意的用户沟通
Problem: Missing problems and churn reasons
Solution: Interview across the spectrum (new, power, churned users)
问题: 忽略了问题和流失原因
解决方案: 访谈全类型用户(新用户、核心用户、流失用户)
Key Quotes
核心引用
Teresa Torres on Weekly Contact:
"If you're not talking to customers every week, you're not doing continuous discovery."
On Product Trios:
"The best product decisions come from diverse perspectives. A PM, designer, and engineer will see different things in the same customer interview."
On Opportunity Solution Trees:
"The tree makes your thinking visible. It shows how you got from an outcome to a solution, which builds stakeholder trust."
On Assumption Testing:
"Don't ask customers what to build. Test assumptions about what will work."
On Discovery vs Delivery:
"Discovery and delivery should happen continuously. Discovery doesn't end when you start building."
Teresa Torres谈每周沟通:
"如果你每周不与用户沟通,就不是在做持续发现。"
谈产品三人组:
"最佳产品决策来自多元化视角。PM、设计师和工程师在同一场用户访谈中会看到不同的内容。"
谈机会解决方案树:
"这棵树让你的思考可视化。它展示了你从成果目标到解决方案的推导过程,能建立利益相关者的信任。"
谈假设验证:
"不要问用户想要什么。要验证关于方案可行性的假设。"
谈发现与交付:
"发现与交付应持续进行。发现工作不会在开发开始时就结束。"
Related Skills
相关技能
Use together with:
- user-feedback-system - For ongoing feedback collection
- jtbd-building - For understanding customer motivations
- exp-driven-dev - For testing assumptions with data
- metrics-frameworks - For defining outcomes
- strategic-build - For deciding what's worth discovering
Comes before:
- zero-to-launch - Discover before building
- design-first-dev - Design based on discovery
Comes after:
- strategy-frameworks - Define strategy, then discover how
可搭配使用:
- user-feedback-system - 用于持续收集反馈
- jtbd-building - 用于理解用户动机
- exp-driven-dev - 用于基于数据验证假设
- metrics-frameworks - 用于定义成果目标
- strategic-build - 用于决定值得探索的方向
前置技能:
- zero-to-launch - 先发现后开发
- design-first-dev - 基于发现成果进行设计
后置技能:
- strategy-frameworks - 先定义战略,再探索实施路径
Quick Start Guide
快速入门指南
Week 1: Set Up Discovery Process
第1周:搭建发现流程
- Form product trio (PM, designer, engineer)
- Define one clear outcome to pursue
- Schedule first 3 customer interviews
- Create interview snapshot template
- 组建产品三人组(PM、设计师、工程师)
- 定义一个明确的成果目标
- 安排前3次用户访谈
- 创建访谈快照模板
Week 2: Start Discovery Habit
第2周:启动发现习惯
- Conduct 3 interviews together
- Create interview snapshots
- Begin opportunity solution tree
- Identify opportunities from interviews
- 共同开展3次访谈
- 创建访谈快照
- 开始构建机会解决方案树
- 从访谈中识别机会点
Week 3: Map Solutions
第3周:梳理解决方案
- Generate 3+ solutions per opportunity
- List assumptions for each solution
- Prioritize which assumptions to test
- Plan assumption tests
- 为每个机会点生成3个以上解决方案
- 列出每个方案的假设
- 优先安排待验证的假设
- 规划假设验证计划
Week 4: Test Assumptions
第4周:验证假设
- Run first assumption tests
- Update opportunity solution tree
- Decide: build, test more, or pivot
- Make discovery routine sustainable
Remember: Continuous discovery isn't a phase. It's a habit. The product trio that talks to customers weekly makes better product decisions.
Guest: Teresa Torres
Book: Continuous Discovery Habits (2021)
Website: producttalk.org
Known for: Opportunity Solution Trees, Product Trios, Weekly Touchpoints
Book: Continuous Discovery Habits (2021)
Website: producttalk.org
Known for: Opportunity Solution Trees, Product Trios, Weekly Touchpoints
- 开展首次假设验证
- 更新机会解决方案树
- 决策:开发、进一步测试或调整方向
- 让发现工作成为可持续的常规流程
记住: 持续发现不是一个阶段,而是一种习惯。每周与用户沟通的产品三人组能做出更优的产品决策。
嘉宾: Teresa Torres
书籍: 《Continuous Discovery Habits》(2021)
网站: producttalk.org
专长: 机会解决方案树、产品三人组、每周用户接触
书籍: 《Continuous Discovery Habits》(2021)
网站: producttalk.org
专长: 机会解决方案树、产品三人组、每周用户接触