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lit-review-assistant

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Literature Review Assistant

文献综述助手

Purpose

用途

This skill helps economists conduct literature reviews by structuring searches, summarizing papers, and synthesizing findings. It provides templates for organizing literature and identifying research gaps.
该技能通过结构化搜索、论文总结和研究结果整合，帮助经济学家开展文献综述工作。它提供用于整理文献和识别研究空白的模板。

When to Use

使用场景

  • Starting a literature review for a new project
  • Finding related work for a paper's introduction
  • Synthesizing existing evidence on a topic
  • Identifying gaps in the literature
  • 为新项目启动文献综述
  • 为论文引言部分查找相关研究
  • 整合某一主题的现有研究证据
  • 识别文献中的研究空白

Instructions

操作步骤

Step 1: Define the Research Domain

步骤1：定义研究领域

Ask the user:
  1. What is your specific research question?
  2. What's the scope? (Narrow field survey vs. cross-disciplinary review)
  3. What databases do you have access to? (JSTOR, EconLit, Google Scholar, NBER)
  4. What time period is relevant?
  5. Are there seminal papers to start from?
询问用户：
  1. 你的具体研究问题是什么？
  2. 研究范围是什么？（细分领域调研 vs 跨学科综述）
  3. 你可以访问哪些数据库？（JSTOR、EconLit、Google Scholar、NBER）
  4. 相关的时间范围是？
  5. 是否有可作为起点的经典文献？

Step 2: Structure the Search

步骤2：构建搜索策略

Help define search terms:
  1. Primary terms: Core concepts (e.g., "minimum wage", "employment")
  2. Methodological filters: (RCT, IV, difference-in-differences)
  3. Outcome terms: What effects are measured
  4. Geographic/temporal scope: If relevant
协助定义搜索关键词：
  1. 核心术语：核心概念（例如："minimum wage"、"employment"）
  2. 方法学筛选词：（RCT、IV、difference-in-differences）
  3. 结果术语：衡量的效应类型
  4. 地理/时间范围：如相关的话

Step 3: Organize and Synthesize

步骤3：整理与整合

Create a structured summary for each paper:
  • Citation
  • Research question
  • Data and methods
  • Key findings
  • Limitations
  • How it relates to user's project
为每篇论文创建结构化总结：
  • 引用信息
  • 研究问题
  • 数据与方法
  • 关键发现
  • 局限性
  • 与用户项目的关联

Step 4: Identify Patterns and Gaps

步骤4：识别规律与研究空白

  • What do papers agree on?
  • Where are disagreements?
  • What questions remain unanswered?
  • What methods haven't been applied?
  • 论文之间的共识点是什么？
  • 存在哪些分歧？
  • 哪些问题尚未得到解答？
  • 哪些方法尚未被应用？

Example Output: Literature Summary Template

示例输出：文献综述模板

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Literature Review: [TOPIC]

文献综述：[主题]

Search Strategy

搜索策略

Databases: EconLit, NBER, Google Scholar, SSRN Date range: 2010-2024 Search terms:
  • ("minimum wage" OR "wage floor") AND (employment OR jobs)
  • ("minimum wage") AND ("difference-in-differences" OR "DiD")
Inclusion criteria:
  • Peer-reviewed or NBER working papers
  • Focused on [specific outcome]
  • Uses causal identification strategy
数据库： EconLit、NBER、Google Scholar、SSRN 时间范围： 2010-2024 搜索词：
  • ("minimum wage" OR "wage floor") AND (employment OR jobs)
  • ("minimum wage") AND ("difference-in-differences" OR "DiD")
纳入标准：
  • 同行评审论文或NBER工作论文
  • 聚焦[特定研究结果]
  • 使用因果识别策略

Seminal Papers

经典文献

Card and Krueger (1994)

Card and Krueger (1994)

Citation: Card, D., & Krueger, A. B. (1994). Minimum Wages and Employment: A Case Study of the Fast-Food Industry in New Jersey and Pennsylvania. American Economic Review, 84(4), 772-793.
Research Question: What is the effect of minimum wage increases on employment?
Data & Method:
  • DiD comparing NJ (treatment) to PA (control)
  • Survey of fast-food restaurants before/after NJ minimum wage increase
Key Findings:
  • No negative employment effect found
  • Employment slightly increased in NJ relative to PA
Contribution: Challenged conventional view; pioneered quasi-experimental methods in labor economics
Limitations:
  • Single state, short time horizon
  • Potential survey response bias
引用： Card, D., & Krueger, A. B. (1994). Minimum Wages and Employment: A Case Study of the Fast-Food Industry in New Jersey and Pennsylvania. American Economic Review, 84(4), 772-793.
研究问题： 最低工资上涨对就业有何影响？
数据与方法：
  • 采用双重差分法（DiD）对比新泽西州（处理组）与宾夕法尼亚州（对照组）
  • 对新泽西州最低工资上涨前后的快餐店进行调研
关键发现：
  • 未发现负面就业效应
  • 相较于宾夕法尼亚州，新泽西州的就业略有增长
贡献： 挑战了传统观点；开创了劳动经济学中的准实验方法
局限性：
  • 仅针对单一州，时间范围较短
  • 可能存在调研回应偏差

Cengiz et al. (2019)

Cengiz et al. (2019)

Citation: Cengiz, D., Dube, A., Lindner, A., & Zipperer, B. (2019). The Effect of Minimum Wages on Low-Wage Jobs. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 134(3), 1405-1454.
Research Question: Do minimum wage increases destroy jobs or compress the wage distribution?
Data & Method:
  • Bunching estimator using 138 minimum wage events
  • Examine employment distribution around minimum wage
Key Findings:
  • Jobs below the new minimum wage disappear
  • But replaced by jobs just above the minimum
  • No significant overall employment loss
Contribution: Novel bunching methodology; large-scale evidence
引用： Cengiz, D., Dube, A., Lindner, A., & Zipperer, B. (2019). The Effect of Minimum Wages on Low-Wage Jobs. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 134(3), 1405-1454.
研究问题： 最低工资上涨会减少工作岗位还是压缩工资分布？
数据与方法：
  • 利用138次最低工资调整事件采用聚束估计法
  • 研究最低工资标准附近的就业分布情况
关键发现：
  • 低于新最低工资标准的岗位消失
  • 但被略高于最低工资标准的岗位取代
  • 整体就业未出现显著减少
贡献： 创新的聚束估计方法；大样本证据

Synthesis: What We Know

整合：已有的研究结论

FindingEvidence QualityConsensus Level
Small minimum wage increases have minimal employment effectsStrong (multiple RCTs/quasi-experiments)High
Effects may be heterogeneous by regionMediumGrowing
Large increases (e.g., $15) less studiedLimitedLow
研究结论证据质量共识程度
小幅最低工资上涨对就业影响极小强（多项RCT/准实验研究）高
效应可能因地区而异中逐渐形成
大幅上涨（如15美元）的研究较少有限低

Research Gaps

研究空白

  1. Mechanism: How do firms absorb higher labor costs? (Prices, profits, productivity?)
  2. Long-run effects: Most studies focus on 1-2 years
  3. Geographic heterogeneity: Do effects differ in low vs. high cost-of-living areas?
  4. Spillovers: Effects on workers earning above minimum wage
  1. 作用机制： 企业如何消化更高的劳动力成本？（通过价格、利润还是生产率？）
  2. 长期效应： 大多数研究聚焦于1-2年的短期效应
  3. 地区异质性： 在低生活成本地区和高生活成本地区，效应是否存在差异？
  4. 溢出效应： 对最低工资以上收入劳动者的影响

Connection to Your Project

与你的项目关联

Your study of [SPECIFIC QUESTION] can contribute by:
  • [How your work fills a gap]
  • [What new data/method you bring]
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你的[具体研究问题]研究可通过以下方式做出贡献：
  • [你的研究如何填补空白]
  • [你带来的新数据/方法]
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Paper Summary Template

论文总结模板

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[Author(s)] ([Year])

[作者]（[年份]）

Title: [Full title]
Published in: [Journal/Working Paper Series]
Research Question: [One sentence]
Data:
  • Source: [Dataset name]
  • Period: [Years]
  • Sample: [N observations, unit of analysis]
Identification Strategy: [Method in one sentence]
Main Findings:
  1. [Key result 1 with magnitude]
  2. [Key result 2]
  3. [Robustness/heterogeneity]
Limitations:
  • [Main concern 1]
  • [Main concern 2]
Relevance to your project: [One sentence on how it connects]
Key quote: "[Most important direct quote]" (p. XX)
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标题： [完整标题]
发表期刊/平台： [期刊/工作论文系列]
研究问题： [一句话概括]
数据：
  • 来源：[数据集名称]
  • 时间范围：[年份]
  • 样本：[N个观测值，分析单位]
识别策略： [一句话概括方法]
主要发现：
  1. [带量级的关键结果1]
  2. [关键结果2]
  3. [稳健性/异质性分析]
局限性：
  • [主要局限1]
  • [主要局限2]
与你的项目相关性： [一句话说明关联]
关键引用： "[最重要的直接引用]"（第XX页）
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Search Strategy Tips

搜索策略技巧

Google Scholar Operators

Google Scholar 运算符

  • "exact phrase"
    - Exact matching
  • author:surname
    - Papers by specific author
  • source:journal
    - Papers in specific journal
  • -exclude
    - Exclude terms
  • [year]..[year]
    - Date range
  • "exact phrase"
    - 精确匹配
  • author:surname
    - 特定作者的论文
  • source:journal
    - 特定期刊的论文
  • -exclude
    - 排除特定术语
  • [year]..[year]
    - 时间范围

Finding Seminal Papers

查找经典文献

  1. Check citations in recent survey papers
  2. Look for papers with 1000+ citations
  3. Check JEL codes in EconLit
  4. Review "related articles" in Google Scholar
  1. 查看近期综述论文中的引用
  2. 寻找被引次数1000+的论文
  3. 查看EconLit中的JEL分类码
  4. 浏览Google Scholar中的“相关文章”

Building Citation Networks

构建引用网络

  1. Start with 2-3 seminal papers
  2. Check what recent papers cite them (forward citations)
  3. Check their references (backward citations)
  4. Identify clusters of related work
  1. 从2-3篇经典文献入手
  2. 查看近期引用这些文献的论文（正向引用）
  3. 查看这些文献的参考文献（反向引用）
  4. 识别相关研究集群

Best Practices

最佳实践

  1. Use reference managers (Zotero, Mendeley, BibDesk)
  2. Create annotated bibliographies as you read
  3. Track search queries for reproducibility
  4. Update regularly before submission
  5. Balance breadth and depth - cover field but focus on closest work
  1. 使用参考文献管理工具（Zotero、Mendeley、BibDesk）
  2. 阅读时创建带注释的参考文献列表
  3. 记录搜索查询以便复现研究过程
  4. 提交前定期更新文献
  5. 平衡广度与深度 - 覆盖领域内研究但聚焦最相关的工作

Common Pitfalls

常见误区

  • ❌ Only citing papers that support your argument
  • ❌ Not engaging with contradictory findings
  • ❌ Confusing correlation with causation when summarizing
  • ❌ Citing papers you haven't actually read
  • ❌ Missing important recent papers
  • ❌ 仅引用支持自身论点的论文
  • ❌ 不回应矛盾的研究发现
  • ❌ 总结时混淆相关性与因果关系
  • ❌ 引用未实际阅读的论文
  • ❌ 遗漏重要的近期论文

References

参考资源

Changelog

更新日志

v1.0.0

v1.0.0

  • Initial release with templates and search strategies
  • 初始版本，包含模板与搜索策略