exe-dev

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Chinese

exe.dev

exe.dev provides Linux VMs with persistent disks, instant HTTPS, and built-in auth.

exe.dev提供搭载持久化磁盘、即时HTTPS和内置身份验证功能的Linux虚拟机。

Documentation

文档

Docs index: https://exe.dev/docs.md
All docs in one page (big!): https://exe.dev/docs/all.md
HTTPS API: https://blog.exe.dev/apis-for-the-restless

文档索引：https://exe.dev/docs.md
单页全量文档（内容较多！）：https://exe.dev/docs/all.md
HTTPS API：https://blog.exe.dev/apis-for-the-restless

Two interfaces: HTTPS API and SSH

两种交互接口：HTTPS API和SSH

HTTPS API (preferred for lobby commands)

HTTPS API（平台管理命令首选）

The HTTPS API at

POST https://exe.dev/exec

is the reliable way to manage VMs. SSH to the exe.dev lobby is intermittently unreliable (connection timeouts).

Mint a bearer token from your registered SSH key:

bash

PERMS='{"cmds":["ls","new","rm","whoami"]}'
PAYLOAD=$(printf '%s' "$PERMS" | base64 | tr -d '\n=' | tr '+/' '-_')
SIG=$(printf '%s' "$PERMS" | ssh-keygen -Y sign -f ~/.ssh/exe_dev.pub -n v0@exe.dev 2>/dev/null | sed '1d;$d' | tr -d '\n' | tr '+/' '-_' | tr -d '=')
TOKEN="exe0.$PAYLOAD.$SIG"

The

ssh-keygen -Y sign

works with 1Password's SSH agent — pass the public key file and the agent handles signing.

Use the token:

bash

undefined

POST https://exe.dev/exec

端点的HTTPS API是管理虚拟机的可靠方式。通过SSH连接exe.dev主控端偶尔会出现不稳定的情况（连接超时）。

从你已注册的SSH密钥生成Bearer令牌：

bash

PERMS='{"cmds":["ls","new","rm","whoami"]}'
PAYLOAD=$(printf '%s' "$PERMS" | base64 | tr -d '\n=' | tr '+/' '-_')
SIG=$(printf '%s' "$PERMS" | ssh-keygen -Y sign -f ~/.ssh/exe_dev.pub -n v0@exe.dev 2>/dev/null | sed '1d;$d' | tr -d '\n' | tr '+/' '-_' | tr -d '=')
TOKEN="exe0.$PAYLOAD.$SIG"

ssh-keygen -Y sign

命令可以与1Password的SSH Agent配合使用——只需传入公钥文件，Agent会负责处理签名逻辑。

使用令牌示例：

bash

undefined

List VMs

列出所有虚拟机

curl -s -X POST https://exe.dev/exec -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" -d "ls"

Create VM

创建虚拟机

curl -s -X POST https://exe.dev/exec -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" -d "new --name myvm --image ubuntu:24.04"

Delete VM

删除虚拟机

curl -s -X POST https://exe.dev/exec -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" -d "rm myvm"


Token permissions control which commands are allowed. The `cmds` array in the permissions JSON must include every command the token needs. Response is always JSON.

curl -s -X POST https://exe.dev/exec -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" -d "rm myvm"


令牌权限控制允许使用的命令范围。权限JSON中的`cmds`数组必须包含令牌所需的所有命令。接口响应始终为JSON格式。

SSH (for VM access)

SSH（用于访问虚拟机）

Direct VM access uses standard SSH:

bash

ssh <vm>.exe.xyz              # shell
scp file.txt <vm>.exe.xyz:~/  # transfer file

Every VM gets

https://<vm>.exe.xyz/

with automatic TLS.

直接访问虚拟机使用标准SSH协议：

bash

ssh <vm>.exe.xyz              # 进入shell
scp file.txt <vm>.exe.xyz:~/  # 传输文件

每个虚拟机都会自动获得带有TLS证书的

https://<vm>.exe.xyz/

地址。

VM defaults

虚拟机默认配置

Default user is root with no sudo installed. If you need a non-root user, install sudo first:

bash

ssh <vm>.exe.xyz "apt-get update -qq && apt-get install -y -qq sudo && useradd -m -s /bin/bash myuser && echo 'myuser ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL' > /etc/sudoers.d/myuser"

Image:
```
ubuntu:24.04
```
is the standard choice. exe.dev also offers
```
boldsoftware/exeuntu
```
.

默认用户为root，未安装sudo。如果需要非root用户，请先安装sudo：

bash

ssh <vm>.exe.xyz "apt-get update -qq && apt-get install -y -qq sudo && useradd -m -s /bin/bash myuser && echo 'myuser ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL' > /etc/sudoers.d/myuser"

镜像：
```
ubuntu:24.04
```
是标准选择，exe.dev也提供
```
boldsoftware/exeuntu
```
镜像。

VM naming rules

虚拟机命名规则

Names cannot end with
```
-<digits>
```
(e.g.
```
test-123
```
is rejected,
```
test-abc
```
works)
Hyphens are allowed elsewhere in the name
The name becomes the subdomain:
```
<name>.exe.xyz
```

名称不能以
```
-<数字>
```
结尾（例如
```
test-123
```
会被拒绝，
```
test-abc
```
符合要求）
名称其他位置可以使用连字符
名称会成为子域名：
```
<name>.exe.xyz
```

SSH config

SSH配置

The exe.dev SSH key must be pinned to avoid 1Password's agent offering wrong keys:

Host exe.dev *.exe.xyz
  IdentitiesOnly yes
  IdentityFile ~/.ssh/exe_dev.pub

The private key lives in 1Password ("SSH Key - exe.dev" in Employee vault). Only the public key is on disk at

~/.ssh/exe_dev.pub

必须固定exe.dev的SSH密钥，避免1Password的Agent提供错误的密钥：

Host exe.dev *.exe.xyz
  IdentitiesOnly yes
  IdentityFile ~/.ssh/exe_dev.pub

私钥存储在1Password中（员工 vault 中的「SSH Key - exe.dev」），磁盘上仅保留公钥，路径为

~/.ssh/exe_dev.pub

。

Working in scripts and agents

在脚本和Agent中使用

Prefer HTTPS API for lobby commands (
```
ls
```
,
```
new
```
,
```
rm
```
). SSH to
```
exe.dev
```
is unreliable in automated contexts.

Use SSH multiplexing for repeated VM access to avoid connection overhead:

bash

ssh -o ControlMaster=auto -o ControlPath=/tmp/ssh-%r@%h-%p -o ControlPersist=300 <vm>.exe.xyz

Accept new host keys non-interactively:
```
-o StrictHostKeyChecking=accept-new
```
Connection timeout: Use
```
-o ConnectTimeout=30
```
for VM SSH — new VMs take a few seconds to become reachable.

优先使用HTTPS API执行平台管理命令（
```
ls
```
、
```
new
```
、
```
rm
```
）。在自动化场景中SSH连接
```
exe.dev
```
可靠性较低。

使用SSH多路复用进行重复的虚拟机访问，减少连接开销：

bash

ssh -o ControlMaster=auto -o ControlPath=/tmp/ssh-%r@%h-%p -o ControlPersist=300 <vm>.exe.xyz

非交互式接受新主机密钥：添加参数
```
-o StrictHostKeyChecking=accept-new
```
连接超时： 虚拟机SSH连接使用
```
-o ConnectTimeout=30
```
参数——新创建的虚拟机需要几秒钟时间才能正常访问。