Back to Details

loki

Compare original and translation side by side

🇺🇸

Original

English
🇨🇳

Translation

Chinese

Grafana Loki Skill

Grafana Loki 全面指南

Comprehensive guide for Grafana Loki - the cost-effective, horizontally-scalable log aggregation system inspired by Prometheus.
这是一份关于Grafana Loki的综合指南，它是受Prometheus启发的高性价比、可水平扩展的日志聚合系统。

What is Loki?

什么是Loki？

Loki is a horizontally-scalable, highly-available, multi-tenant log aggregation system that:
  • Indexes only metadata (labels) - Not full log content like traditional systems
  • Stores compressed chunks in affordable object storage (S3, GCS, Azure Blob)
  • Uses Prometheus-style labels for organizing log streams
  • Multi-tenant by default with built-in tenant isolation
  • Cost-efficient - Dramatically smaller index and lower operational costs
Loki是一款可水平扩展、高可用、多租户的日志聚合系统，具备以下特性：
  • 仅索引元数据（标签） - 不像传统系统那样索引完整日志内容
  • 以压缩块形式存储在低成本对象存储（S3、GCS、Azure Blob）中
  • 采用Prometheus风格标签组织日志流
  • 默认支持多租户，内置租户隔离机制
  • 成本高效 - 索引体积大幅缩小，运维成本更低

Architecture Overview

架构概述

Core Components

核心组件

ComponentPurpose
DistributorValidates requests, preprocesses labels, routes to ingesters
IngesterBuffers logs in memory, compresses into chunks, writes to storage
QuerierExecutes LogQL queries from ingesters and storage
Query FrontendAccelerates queries via splitting, caching, scheduling
Query SchedulerManages per-tenant query queues for fairness
Index GatewayServes index queries for TSDB stores
CompactorMerges index files, manages retention, handles deletion
RulerEvaluates alerting and recording rules
组件用途
Distributor验证请求、预处理标签、将请求路由至Ingester
Ingester在内存中缓冲日志，压缩为块，写入存储
Querier从Ingester和存储中执行LogQL查询
Query Frontend通过拆分、缓存、调度加速查询
Query Scheduler管理每个租户的查询队列，确保公平性
Index Gateway为TSDB存储提供索引查询服务
Compactor合并索引文件、管理日志保留、处理删除请求
Ruler评估告警与记录规则

Data Flow

数据流

Write Path:
Log Source → Distributor → Ingester → Object Storage
                                    ↓
                              Chunks + Indexes
Read Path:
Query → Query Frontend → Query Scheduler → Querier
                                             ↓
                                    Ingesters + Storage
写入路径：
日志源 → Distributor → Ingester → 对象存储
                                    ↓
                              日志块 + 索引
读取路径：
查询 → Query Frontend → Query Scheduler → Querier
                                             ↓
                                    Ingesters + 存储

Deployment Modes

部署模式

1. Monolithic Mode (
-target=all
)

1. 单体模式 (
-target=all
)

  • All components in single process
  • Best for: Initial experimentation, small-scale (~20GB logs/day)
  • Simplest approach
  • 所有组件运行在单个进程中
  • 最佳适用场景：初始实验、小规模场景（约20GB日志/天）
  • 最简单的部署方式

2. Simple Scalable Deployment (SSD) - Recommended Default

2. 简单可扩展部署（SSD）- 推荐默认模式

yaml
deploymentMode: SimpleScalable

write:
  replicas: 3   # Distributor + Ingester

read:
  replicas: 2   # Query Frontend + Querier

backend:
  replicas: 2   # Compactor + Index Gateway + Query Scheduler + Ruler
yaml
deploymentMode: SimpleScalable

write:
  replicas: 3   # Distributor + Ingester

read:
  replicas: 2   # Query Frontend + Querier

backend:
  replicas: 2   # Compactor + Index Gateway + Query Scheduler + Ruler

3. Microservices Mode (Distributed)

3. 微服务模式（分布式）

yaml
deploymentMode: Distributed

ingester:
  replicas: 3
  zoneAwareReplication:
    enabled: true

distributor:
  replicas: 3

querier:
  replicas: 3

queryFrontend:
  replicas: 2

queryScheduler:
  replicas: 2

compactor:
  replicas: 1

indexGateway:
  replicas: 2
yaml
deploymentMode: Distributed

ingester:
  replicas: 3
  zoneAwareReplication:
    enabled: true

distributor:
  replicas: 3

querier:
  replicas: 3

queryFrontend:
  replicas: 2

queryScheduler:
  replicas: 2

compactor:
  replicas: 1

indexGateway:
  replicas: 2

Schema Configuration

架构配置

Recommended: TSDB with Schema v13
yaml
loki:
  schemaConfig:
    configs:
      - from: "2024-04-01"
        store: tsdb
        object_store: azure  # or s3, gcs
        schema: v13
        index:
          prefix: loki_index_
          period: 24h
推荐：TSDB + Schema v13
yaml
loki:
  schemaConfig:
    configs:
      - from: "2024-04-01"
        store: tsdb
        object_store: azure  # 或 s3, gcs
        schema: v13
        index:
          prefix: loki_index_
          period: 24h

Storage Configuration

存储配置

Azure Blob Storage (Recommended for Azure)

Azure Blob 存储（Azure环境推荐）

yaml
loki:
  storage:
    type: azure
    bucketNames:
      chunks: loki-chunks
      ruler: loki-ruler
      admin: loki-admin
    azure:
      accountName: <storage-account-name>
      # Option 1: User-Assigned Managed Identity (Recommended)
      useManagedIdentity: true
      useFederatedToken: false
      userAssignedId: <identity-client-id>
      # Option 2: Account Key (Dev only)
      # accountKey: <account-key>
      requestTimeout: 30s
yaml
loki:
  storage:
    type: azure
    bucketNames:
      chunks: loki-chunks
      ruler: loki-ruler
      admin: loki-admin
    azure:
      accountName: <storage-account-name>
      # 选项1：用户分配的托管标识（推荐）
      useManagedIdentity: true
      useFederatedToken: false
      userAssignedId: <identity-client-id>
      # 选项2：账户密钥（仅开发环境使用）
      # accountKey: <account-key>
      requestTimeout: 30s

AWS S3

AWS S3

yaml
loki:
  storage:
    type: s3
    bucketNames:
      chunks: my-loki-chunks-2024
      ruler: my-loki-ruler-2024
      admin: my-loki-admin-2024
    s3:
      endpoint: s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com
      region: us-east-1
      # Use IAM roles or access keys
      accessKeyId: <access-key>
      secretAccessKey: <secret-key>
      s3ForcePathStyle: false
yaml
loki:
  storage:
    type: s3
    bucketNames:
      chunks: my-loki-chunks-2024
      ruler: my-loki-ruler-2024
      admin: my-loki-admin-2024
    s3:
      endpoint: s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com
      region: us-east-1
      # 使用IAM角色或访问密钥
      accessKeyId: <access-key>
      secretAccessKey: <secret-key>
      s3ForcePathStyle: false

Google Cloud Storage

Google Cloud Storage

yaml
loki:
  storage:
    type: gcs
    bucketNames:
      chunks: my-loki-gcs-bucket
    gcs:
      bucketName: my-loki-gcs-bucket
      # Uses Workload Identity or service account
yaml
loki:
  storage:
    type: gcs
    bucketNames:
      chunks: my-loki-gcs-bucket
    gcs:
      bucketName: my-loki-gcs-bucket
      # 使用工作负载身份或服务账户

Chunk Configuration Best Practices

日志块配置最佳实践

yaml
loki:
  ingester:
    chunk_encoding: snappy        # Recommended (fast + efficient)
    chunk_target_size: 1572864    # ~1.5MB compressed
    max_chunk_age: 2h             # Max time before flush
    chunk_idle_period: 30m        # Flush idle chunks
    flush_check_period: 30s
    flush_op_timeout: 10m
SettingRecommendedPurpose
chunk_encoding
snappyBest speed-to-compression balance
chunk_target_size
1.5MBTarget compressed chunk size
max_chunk_age
2hLimits memory and data loss exposure
chunk_idle_period
30mFlushes inactive streams
yaml
loki:
  ingester:
    chunk_encoding: snappy        # 推荐（速度与效率平衡）
    chunk_target_size: 1572864    # ~1.5MB 压缩后大小
    max_chunk_age: 2h             # 刷新前的最长时间
    chunk_idle_period: 30m        # 刷新闲置日志块
    flush_check_period: 30s
    flush_op_timeout: 10m
设置项推荐值用途
chunk_encoding
snappy最佳的速度与压缩比平衡
chunk_target_size
1.5MB压缩后日志块的目标大小
max_chunk_age
2h限制内存占用和数据丢失风险
chunk_idle_period
30m刷新不活跃的日志流

Limits Configuration

限制配置

yaml
loki:
  limits_config:
    # Retention
    retention_period: 744h              # 31 days

    # Ingestion limits
    ingestion_rate_mb: 50
    ingestion_burst_size_mb: 100
    per_stream_rate_limit: 3MB
    per_stream_rate_limit_burst: 15MB

    # Query limits
    max_query_series: 10000
    max_query_lookback: 720h
    max_entries_limit_per_query: 10000

    # Required for OTLP
    allow_structured_metadata: true
    volume_enabled: true

    # Sample rejection
    reject_old_samples: true
    reject_old_samples_max_age: 168h    # 7 days
    max_label_names_per_series: 25
yaml
loki:
  limits_config:
    # 日志保留
    retention_period: 744h              # 31天

    # 写入限制
    ingestion_rate_mb: 50
    ingestion_burst_size_mb: 100
    per_stream_rate_limit: 3MB
    per_stream_rate_limit_burst: 15MB

    # 查询限制
    max_query_series: 10000
    max_query_lookback: 720h
    max_entries_limit_per_query: 10000

    # OTLP 所需配置
    allow_structured_metadata: true
    volume_enabled: true

    # 样本拒绝
    reject_old_samples: true
    reject_old_samples_max_age: 168h    # 7天
    max_label_names_per_series: 25

Compactor Configuration

压缩器配置

yaml
loki:
  compactor:
    retention_enabled: true
    retention_delete_delay: 2h
    retention_delete_worker_count: 50
    compaction_interval: 10m
    delete_request_store: azure         # Match your storage type
yaml
loki:
  compactor:
    retention_enabled: true
    retention_delete_delay: 2h
    retention_delete_worker_count: 50
    compaction_interval: 10m
    delete_request_store: azure         # 匹配你的存储类型

Caching Configuration

缓存配置

Recommended: Separate Memcached instances
yaml
undefined
推荐：使用独立的Memcached实例
yaml
undefined

Helm values for Loki caching

Loki 缓存的Helm配置

memcached:

Results cache

frontend: replicas: 3 memcached: maxItemMemory: 1024 # 1GB maxItemSize: 5m connectionLimit: 1024

Chunks cache

chunks: replicas: 3 memcached: maxItemMemory: 4096 # 4GB maxItemSize: 2m connectionLimit: 1024
memcached:

结果缓存

frontend: replicas: 3 memcached: maxItemMemory: 1024 # 1GB maxItemSize: 5m connectionLimit: 1024

日志块缓存

chunks: replicas: 3 memcached: maxItemMemory: 4096 # 4GB maxItemSize: 2m connectionLimit: 1024

Enable caching in Loki config

在Loki配置中启用缓存

loki: chunk_store_config: chunk_cache_config: memcached_client: host: loki-memcached-chunks.monitoring.svc service: memcached-client
undefined
loki: chunk_store_config: chunk_cache_config: memcached_client: host: loki-memcached-chunks.monitoring.svc service: memcached-client
undefined

LogQL Query Language

LogQL 查询语言

Basic Queries

基础查询

logql
undefined
logql
undefined

Stream selector

流选择器

{job="api-server"}
{job="api-server"}

Multiple labels

多标签

{job="api-server", env="prod"}
{job="api-server", env="prod"}

Label matchers

标签匹配器

{namespace=~".*-prod"} # Regex match {level!="debug"} # Not equal
{namespace=~".*-prod"} # 正则匹配 {level!="debug"} # 不等于

Filter expressions

过滤表达式

{job="api-server"} |= "error" # Contains {job="api-server"} != "debug" # Not contains {job="api-server"} |~ "err." # Regex match {job="api-server"} !~ "debug." # Regex not match
undefined
{job="api-server"} |= "error" # 包含 {job="api-server"} != "debug" # 不包含 {job="api-server"} |~ "err." # 正则匹配 {job="api-server"} !~ "debug." # 正则不匹配
undefined

Pipeline Stages

流水线阶段

logql
undefined
logql
undefined

JSON parsing

JSON解析

{job="api-server"} | json
{job="api-server"} | json

Extract specific fields

提取特定字段

{job="api-server"} | json | line_format "{{.message}}"
{job="api-server"} | json | line_format "{{.message}}"

Label extraction

标签提取

{job="api-server"} | logfmt | level="error"
{job="api-server"} | logfmt | level="error"

Pattern matching

模式匹配

{job="api-server"} | pattern "<ip> - - [<_>] "<method> <path>"" | method="POST"
undefined
{job="api-server"} | pattern "<ip> - - [<_>] "<method> <path>"" | method="POST"
undefined

Metric Queries

指标查询

logql
undefined
logql
undefined

Count logs per minute

每分钟日志计数

count_over_time({job="api-server"}[1m])
count_over_time({job="api-server"}[1m])

Rate of errors

错误率

rate({job="api-server"} |= "error" [5m])
rate({job="api-server"} |= "error" [5m])

Bytes rate

字节速率

bytes_rate({job="api-server"}[5m])
bytes_rate({job="api-server"}[5m])

Sum by label

按标签求和

sum by (namespace) (rate({job="api-server"}[5m]))
sum by (namespace) (rate({job="api-server"}[5m]))

Top 10 by volume

按体积排序的前10项

topk(10, sum by (namespace) (bytes_rate({}[5m])))
undefined
topk(10, sum by (namespace) (bytes_rate({}[5m])))
undefined

OpenTelemetry Integration

OpenTelemetry 集成

Native OTLP (Recommended - Loki 3.0+)

原生OTLP（推荐 - Loki 3.0+）

OpenTelemetry Collector Config:
yaml
exporters:
  otlphttp:
    endpoint: http://loki-gateway:3100/otlp
    headers:
      X-Scope-OrgID: "my-tenant"

service:
  pipelines:
    logs:
      receivers: [otlp]
      exporters: [otlphttp]
Loki Config:
yaml
loki:
  limits_config:
    allow_structured_metadata: true    # Required for OTLP
Key Benefits:
  • Log body stored as plain text (not JSON encoded)
  • 17 default resource attributes auto-indexed
  • Simpler queries without JSON parsing
  • Better storage efficiency
OpenTelemetry Collector 配置：
yaml
exporters:
  otlphttp:
    endpoint: http://loki-gateway:3100/otlp
    headers:
      X-Scope-OrgID: "my-tenant"

service:
  pipelines:
    logs:
      receivers: [otlp]
      exporters: [otlphttp]
Loki 配置：
yaml
loki:
  limits_config:
    allow_structured_metadata: true    # OTLP 所需配置
核心优势：
  • 日志正文以纯文本存储（而非JSON编码）
  • 17个默认资源属性自动索引
  • 无需JSON解析即可进行简单查询
  • 存储效率更高

Resource Attribute Mapping

资源属性映射

OTLP AttributeLoki Label
service.name
service_name
service.namespace
service_namespace
k8s.pod.name
k8s_pod_name
k8s.namespace.name
k8s_namespace_name
cloud.region
cloud_region
OTLP 属性Loki 标签
service.name
service_name
service.namespace
service_namespace
k8s.pod.name
k8s_pod_name
k8s.namespace.name
k8s_namespace_name
cloud.region
cloud_region

Kubernetes Helm Deployment

Kubernetes Helm 部署

Add Repository

添加仓库

bash
helm repo add grafana https://grafana.github.io/helm-charts
helm repo update
bash
helm repo add grafana https://grafana.github.io/helm-charts
helm repo update

Install with Values

使用自定义值安装

bash
helm install loki grafana/loki \
  --namespace monitoring \
  --values values.yaml
bash
helm install loki grafana/loki \
  --namespace monitoring \
  --values values.yaml

Production Values Example

生产环境配置示例

yaml
deploymentMode: Distributed

loki:
  auth_enabled: true

  schemaConfig:
    configs:
      - from: "2024-04-01"
        store: tsdb
        object_store: azure
        schema: v13
        index:
          prefix: loki_index_
          period: 24h

  storage:
    type: azure
    azure:
      accountName: mystorageaccount
      useManagedIdentity: true
      userAssignedId: <client-id>
    bucketNames:
      chunks: loki-chunks
      ruler: loki-ruler
      admin: loki-admin

  limits_config:
    retention_period: 2160h             # 90 days
    allow_structured_metadata: true

ingester:
  replicas: 3
  zoneAwareReplication:
    enabled: true
  resources:
    requests:
      cpu: 2
      memory: 8Gi
    limits:
      cpu: 4
      memory: 16Gi

querier:
  replicas: 3
  maxUnavailable: 2

queryFrontend:
  replicas: 2

distributor:
  replicas: 3

compactor:
  replicas: 1

indexGateway:
  replicas: 2
  maxUnavailable: 1
yaml
deploymentMode: Distributed

loki:
  auth_enabled: true

  schemaConfig:
    configs:
      - from: "2024-04-01"
        store: tsdb
        object_store: azure
        schema: v13
        index:
          prefix: loki_index_
          period: 24h

  storage:
    type: azure
    azure:
      accountName: mystorageaccount
      useManagedIdentity: true
      userAssignedId: <client-id>
    bucketNames:
      chunks: loki-chunks
      ruler: loki-ruler
      admin: loki-admin

  limits_config:
    retention_period: 2160h             # 90天
    allow_structured_metadata: true

ingester:
  replicas: 3
  zoneAwareReplication:
    enabled: true
  resources:
    requests:
      cpu: 2
      memory: 8Gi
    limits:
      cpu: 4
      memory: 16Gi

querier:
  replicas: 3
  maxUnavailable: 2

queryFrontend:
  replicas: 2

distributor:
  replicas: 3

compactor:
  replicas: 1

indexGateway:
  replicas: 2
  maxUnavailable: 1

Gateway for external access

外部访问网关

gateway: service: type: LoadBalancer
gateway: service: type: LoadBalancer

Monitoring

监控

monitoring: serviceMonitor: enabled: true
undefined
monitoring: serviceMonitor: enabled: true
undefined

Azure Identity Configuration

Azure 身份配置

User-Assigned Managed Identity (Recommended)

用户分配的托管标识（推荐）

1. Create Identity:
bash
az identity create \
  --name loki-identity \
  --resource-group <rg>

IDENTITY_CLIENT_ID=$(az identity show --name loki-identity --resource-group <rg> --query clientId -o tsv)
IDENTITY_PRINCIPAL_ID=$(az identity show --name loki-identity --resource-group <rg> --query principalId -o tsv)
2. Assign to Node Pool:
bash
az vmss identity assign \
  --resource-group <aks-node-rg> \
  --name <vmss-name> \
  --identities /subscriptions/<sub>/resourceGroups/<rg>/providers/Microsoft.ManagedIdentity/userAssignedIdentities/loki-identity
3. Grant Storage Permission:
bash
az role assignment create \
  --role "Storage Blob Data Contributor" \
  --assignee-object-id $IDENTITY_PRINCIPAL_ID \
  --scope /subscriptions/<sub>/resourceGroups/<rg>/providers/Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts/<storage>
4. Configure Loki:
yaml
loki:
  storage:
    azure:
      useManagedIdentity: true
      userAssignedId: <IDENTITY_CLIENT_ID>
1. 创建标识：
bash
az identity create \
  --name loki-identity \
  --resource-group <rg>

IDENTITY_CLIENT_ID=$(az identity show --name loki-identity --resource-group <rg> --query clientId -o tsv)
IDENTITY_PRINCIPAL_ID=$(az identity show --name loki-identity --resource-group <rg> --query principalId -o tsv)
2. 分配给节点池：
bash
az vmss identity assign \
  --resource-group <aks-node-rg> \
  --name <vmss-name> \
  --identities /subscriptions/<sub>/resourceGroups/<rg>/providers/Microsoft.ManagedIdentity/userAssignedIdentities/loki-identity
3. 授予存储权限：
bash
az role assignment create \
  --role "Storage Blob Data Contributor" \
  --assignee-object-id $IDENTITY_PRINCIPAL_ID \
  --scope /subscriptions/<sub>/resourceGroups/<rg>/providers/Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts/<storage>
4. 配置Loki：
yaml
loki:
  storage:
    azure:
      useManagedIdentity: true
      userAssignedId: <IDENTITY_CLIENT_ID>

Multi-Tenancy

多租户

yaml
loki:
  auth_enabled: true
yaml
loki:
  auth_enabled: true

Query with tenant header

携带租户头查询

curl -H "X-Scope-OrgID: tenant-a"
"http://loki:3100/loki/api/v1/query?query={job=\"app\"}"
curl -H "X-Scope-OrgID: tenant-a"
"http://loki:3100/loki/api/v1/query?query={job=\"app\"}"

Multi-tenant queries (if enabled)

多租户查询（若启用）

X-Scope-OrgID: tenant-a|tenant-b

X-Scope-OrgID: tenant-a|tenant-b

undefined
undefined

Troubleshooting

故障排除

Common Issues

常见问题

1. Container Not Found (Azure)
bash
undefined
1. 容器未找到（Azure）
bash
undefined

Create required containers

创建所需容器

az storage container create --name loki-chunks --account-name <storage> az storage container create --name loki-ruler --account-name <storage> az storage container create --name loki-admin --account-name <storage>

**2. Authorization Failure (Azure)**

```bash
az storage container create --name loki-chunks --account-name <storage> az storage container create --name loki-ruler --account-name <storage> az storage container create --name loki-admin --account-name <storage>

**2. 授权失败（Azure）**

```bash

Verify RBAC assignment

验证RBAC分配

az role assignment list --scope /subscriptions/<sub>/resourceGroups/<rg>/providers/Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts/<storage>
az role assignment list --scope /subscriptions/<sub>/resourceGroups/<rg>/providers/Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts/<storage>

Assign if missing

若缺失则分配

az role assignment create
--role "Storage Blob Data Contributor"
--assignee-object-id <principal-id>
--scope <storage-scope>
az role assignment create
--role "Storage Blob Data Contributor"
--assignee-object-id <principal-id>
--scope <storage-scope>

Restart pod to refresh token

重启Pod刷新令牌

kubectl delete pod -n monitoring <ingester-pod>

**3. Ingester OOM**

```yaml
kubectl delete pod -n monitoring <ingester-pod>

**3. Ingester 内存溢出**

```yaml

Increase memory limits

增加内存限制

ingester: resources: limits: memory: 16Gi

**4. Query Timeout**

```yaml
loki:
  querier:
    query_timeout: 5m
    max_concurrent: 8
  query_scheduler:
    max_outstanding_requests_per_tenant: 2048
ingester: resources: limits: memory: 16Gi

**4. 查询超时**

```yaml
loki:
  querier:
    query_timeout: 5m
    max_concurrent: 8
  query_scheduler:
    max_outstanding_requests_per_tenant: 2048

Diagnostic Commands

诊断命令

bash
undefined
bash
undefined

Check pod status

检查Pod状态

kubectl get pods -n monitoring -l app.kubernetes.io/name=loki
kubectl get pods -n monitoring -l app.kubernetes.io/name=loki

Check ingester logs

查看Ingester日志

kubectl logs -n monitoring -l app.kubernetes.io/component=ingester --tail=100
kubectl logs -n monitoring -l app.kubernetes.io/component=ingester --tail=100

Check compactor logs

查看Compactor日志

kubectl logs -n monitoring -l app.kubernetes.io/component=compactor --tail=100
kubectl logs -n monitoring -l app.kubernetes.io/component=compactor --tail=100

Verify readiness

验证就绪状态

kubectl exec -it <loki-pod> -n monitoring -- wget -qO- http://localhost:3100/ready
kubectl exec -it <loki-pod> -n monitoring -- wget -qO- http://localhost:3100/ready

Check configuration

检查配置

kubectl exec -it <loki-pod> -n monitoring -- cat /etc/loki/config/config.yaml
undefined
kubectl exec -it <loki-pod> -n monitoring -- cat /etc/loki/config/config.yaml
undefined

API Reference

API 参考

Ingestion

写入

bash
undefined
bash
undefined

Push logs

推送日志

POST /loki/api/v1/push
POST /loki/api/v1/push

OTLP logs

OTLP 日志

POST /otlp/v1/logs
undefined
POST /otlp/v1/logs
undefined

Query

查询

bash
undefined
bash
undefined

Instant query

即时查询

GET /loki/api/v1/query?query={job="app"}&time=<timestamp>
GET /loki/api/v1/query?query={job="app"}&time=<timestamp>

Range query

范围查询

GET /loki/api/v1/query_range?query={job="app"}&start=<start>&end=<end>
GET /loki/api/v1/query_range?query={job="app"}&start=<start>&end=<end>

Labels

标签

GET /loki/api/v1/labels GET /loki/api/v1/label/<name>/values
GET /loki/api/v1/labels GET /loki/api/v1/label/<name>/values

Series

序列

GET /loki/api/v1/series
GET /loki/api/v1/series

Tail (WebSocket)

实时尾部（WebSocket）

GET /loki/api/v1/tail?query={job="app"}
undefined
GET /loki/api/v1/tail?query={job="app"}
undefined

Health

健康检查

bash
GET /ready
GET /metrics
bash
GET /ready
GET /metrics

Reference Documentation

参考文档

For detailed configuration by topic:
  • Storage Configuration: Object stores, retention, WAL
  • LogQL Reference: Query syntax and examples
  • OpenTelemetry Integration: OTLP configuration
按主题分类的详细配置文档：
  • 存储配置: 对象存储、日志保留、WAL
  • LogQL 参考: 查询语法与示例
  • OpenTelemetry 集成: OTLP 配置

External Resources

外部资源