nbl.test-coverage

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🇺🇸

Original

English

🇨🇳

Translation

Chinese

Test Coverage Skill

分析测试覆盖率，识别缺口，生成缺失的测试以达到80%+覆盖率。

Analyze test coverage, identify gaps, and generate missing tests to achieve over 80% coverage.

激活时机

Activation Timing

用户请求测试覆盖率分析
提升测试覆盖率
编写缺失的测试

Users request test coverage analysis
Improve test coverage
Write missing tests

步骤0：识别测试范围（关键）

Step 0: Identify Test Scope (Critical)

✅ 必须测试（100%覆盖目标）

✅ Mandatory Testing (100% Coverage Target)

类型	包路径模式	测试方式	原因
Service层	`*/service/impl/Impl.java`	单元测试	核心业务逻辑
Manager层	`*/service/manager/impl/Impl.java`	单元测试	外部集成逻辑
Controller层	`*/controller/.java`	集成测试	API契约验证
工具类	`*/utils/.java` （含复杂逻辑）	单元测试	跨服务复用
财务计算	所有含计算逻辑的类	单元测试	高风险
认证授权	`/security//*.java`	单元测试	安全关键

Type	Package Path Pattern	Testing Method	Reason
Service Layer	`*/service/impl/Impl.java`	Unit Test	Core business logic
Manager Layer	`*/service/manager/impl/Impl.java`	Unit Test	External integration logic
Controller Layer	`*/controller/.java`	Integration Test	API contract verification
Utility Classes	`*/utils/.java` (with complex logic)	Unit Test	Cross-service reuse
Financial Calculation	All classes with calculation logic	Unit Test	High risk
Authentication & Authorization	`/security//*.java`	Unit Test	Security-critical

🚫 排除测试（不计入覆盖率）

🚫 Excluded from Testing (Not counted in coverage)

类型	包路径模式	原因
Entity类	`*/model/entity/.java`	纯数据载体，无逻辑
DTO类	`*/model/dto/.java`	纯数据载体，通过其他测试间接覆盖
Req/Resp/Query	`*/model/request/.java` <br> `*/model/response/.java` <br> `*/model/query/.java`	POJO，通过Controller测试间接覆盖
枚举类	`*/enums/.java`	纯定义，无业务逻辑
常量类	`*/constants/.java`	仅静态常量
配置类	`/config/`	Spring管理，无业务逻辑
Mapper层	`/mapper//*.java`	框架生成实现，通过集成测试间接覆盖
MyBatis拦截器	`*/.java` （implements Interceptor）	MyBatis插件框架，通过集成测试覆盖
定时任务	`*/job/.java`	通过集成测试覆盖
启动类	`*Application.java`	无测试价值
事件类	`*/Event.java`	纯数据载体，无业务逻辑
事件监听器	`*/listener/Listener.java`	Spring框架管理，通过集成测试覆盖
消息队列监听器	`/messagequeue/` <br> `/mq/`	MQ框架管理，需要真实环境

Type	Package Path Pattern	Reason
Entity Classes	`*/model/entity/.java`	Pure data carrier, no logic
DTO Classes	`*/model/dto/.java`	Pure data carrier, indirectly covered by other tests
Req/Resp/Query	`*/model/request/.java` <br> `*/model/response/.java` <br> `*/model/query/.java`	POJO, indirectly covered by Controller tests
Enum Classes	`*/enums/.java`	Pure definition, no business logic
Constant Classes	`*/constants/.java`	Only static constants
Configuration Classes	`/config/`	Managed by Spring, no business logic
Mapper Layer	`/mapper//*.java`	Framework-generated implementation, indirectly covered by integration tests
MyBatis Interceptors	`*/.java` (implements Interceptor)	MyBatis plugin framework, covered by integration tests
Scheduled Jobs	`*/job/.java`	Covered by integration tests
Startup Classes	`*Application.java`	No testing value
Event Classes	`*/Event.java`	Pure data carrier, no business logic
Event Listeners	`*/listener/Listener.java`	Managed by Spring framework, covered by integration tests
Message Queue Listeners	`/messagequeue/` <br> `/mq/`	Managed by MQ framework, requires real environment

JaCoCo排除配置

JaCoCo Exclusion Configuration

在

pom.xml

中配置排除：

xml

<plugin>
    <groupId>org.jacoco</groupId>
    <artifactId>jacoco-maven-plugin</artifactId>
    <configuration>
        <excludes>
            <!-- Entity/DTO/VO -->
            <exclude>**/model/entity/**</exclude>
            <exclude>**/model/dto/**</exclude>
            <exclude>**/model/enums/**</exclude>
            <exclude>**/model/request/**</exclude>
            <exclude>**/model/response/**</exclude>
            <exclude>**/model/query/**</exclude>
            <!-- Mapper层 -->
            <exclude>**/mapper/**</exclude>
            <!-- MyBatis拦截器 -->
            <exclude>**/*Interceptor.class</exclude>
            <!-- 事件类 -->
            <exclude>**/*Event.class</exclude>
            <!-- 监听器 -->
            <exclude>**/listener/**</exclude>
            <!-- 消息队列 -->
            <exclude>**/messagequeue/**</exclude>
            <exclude>**/mq/**</exclude>
            <!-- 配置类 -->
            <exclude>**/config/**</exclude>
            <!-- 常量类 -->
            <exclude>**/constants/**</exclude>
            <!-- 启动类 -->
            <exclude>**/*Application.class</exclude>
        </excludes>
    </configuration>
</plugin>

Configure exclusions in

pom.xml

xml

<plugin>
    <groupId>org.jacoco</groupId>
    <artifactId>jacoco-maven-plugin</artifactId>
    <configuration>
        <excludes>
            <!-- Entity/DTO/VO -->
            <exclude>**/model/entity/**</exclude>
            <exclude>**/model/dto/**</exclude>
            <exclude>**/model/enums/**</exclude>
            <exclude>**/model/request/**</exclude>
            <exclude>**/model/response/**</exclude>
            <exclude>**/model/query/**</exclude>
            <!-- Mapper层 -->
            <exclude>**/mapper/**</exclude>
            <!-- MyBatis拦截器 -->
            <exclude>**/*Interceptor.class</exclude>
            <!-- 事件类 -->
            <exclude>**/*Event.class</exclude>
            <!-- 监听器 -->
            <exclude>**/listener/**</exclude>
            <!-- 消息队列 -->
            <exclude>**/messagequeue/**</exclude>
            <exclude>**/mq/**</exclude>
            <!-- 配置类 -->
            <exclude>**/config/**</exclude>
            <!-- 常量类 -->
            <exclude>**/constants/**</exclude>
            <!-- 启动类 -->
            <exclude>**/*Application.class</exclude>
        </excludes>
    </configuration>
</plugin>

步骤1：检测测试框架

Step 1: Detect Test Framework

标识	覆盖率命令
`pom.xml` with JaCoCo	`mvn test jacoco:report`
`build.gradle` with JaCoCo	`./gradlew test jacocoTestReport`

Indicator	Coverage Command
`pom.xml` with JaCoCo	`mvn test jacoco:report`
`build.gradle` with JaCoCo	`./gradlew test jacocoTestReport`

步骤2：分析覆盖率报告

Step 2: Analyze Coverage Report

运行覆盖率命令
解析输出（target/site/jacoco/jacoco.xml 或终端输出）
过滤排除类后，列出低于80%覆盖率的文件，按最差优先排序
对于每个覆盖率不足的文件，识别：
- 未测试的方法
- 缺失的分支覆盖（if/else、switch、异常路径）
- 死代码（膨胀分母）

Run the coverage command
Parse the output (target/site/jacoco/jacoco.xml or terminal output)
After filtering excluded classes, list files with coverage lower than 80%, sorted by lowest coverage first
For each file with insufficient coverage, identify:
- Untested methods
- Missing branch coverage (if/else, switch, exception paths)
- Dead code (inflates denominator)

步骤3：生成缺失测试

Step 3: Generate Missing Tests

测试优先级

Test Priority

优先级	测试类型	覆盖目标
P0	成功路径	核心功能使用有效输入
P0	异常处理	无效输入、业务异常
P1	边界案例	空集合、null、边界值
P1	分支覆盖	每个if/else、switch case

Priority	Test Type	Coverage Target
P0	Happy Path	Core functionality with valid input
P0	Exception Handling	Invalid input, business exceptions
P1	Edge Cases	Empty collections, null, boundary values
P1	Branch Coverage	Each if/else, switch case

测试生成规则

Test Generation Rules

Service/Manager/Utils：单元测试放在
```
src/test/java/.../
```
Controller：集成测试放在
```
src/test/java/.../controller/
```
使用项目现有的测试模式（import风格、断言库、Mock方式）
Mock外部依赖（数据库、外部API、文件系统）
每个测试应该独立 — 测试之间不共享可变状态

Service/Manager/Utils: Unit tests are placed in
```
src/test/java/.../
```
Controller: Integration tests are placed in
```
src/test/java/.../controller/
```
Follow existing test patterns of the project (import style, assertion library, Mock approach)
Mock external dependencies (databases, external APIs, file systems)
Each test should be independent — no mutable state shared between tests

步骤4：验证

Step 4: Verification

运行完整测试套件 — 所有测试必须通过
重新运行覆盖率 — 验证改进
如果仍低于80%，重复步骤3处理剩余缺口

Run the full test suite — all tests must pass
Rerun coverage calculation — verify improvements
If coverage is still below 80%, repeat step 3 to address remaining gaps

步骤5：报告

Step 5: Report

覆盖率报告（已排除Entity/DTO/Mapper/Config类）
──────────────────────────────────────────────────
文件                          之前   之后   状态
──────────────────────────────────────────────────
DiscountServiceImpl.java      45%    88%   ✅
OrderServiceImpl.java         32%    82%   ✅
OrderManagerImpl.java         55%    85%   ✅
──────────────────────────────────────────────────
总体覆盖率:                    46%    87%   ✅

Coverage Report (Entity/DTO/Mapper/Config classes excluded)
──────────────────────────────────────────────────
File                          Before  After  Status
──────────────────────────────────────────────────
DiscountServiceImpl.java      45%    88%   ✅
OrderServiceImpl.java         32%    82%   ✅
OrderManagerImpl.java         55%    85%   ✅
──────────────────────────────────────────────────
Overall Coverage:             46%    87%   ✅

覆盖率目标

Coverage Target

代码类型	目标覆盖率	测试方式
财务计算、认证、安全	100%	单元测试
Service/Manager业务逻辑	80%+	单元测试
Controller层	80%+	集成测试
工具类	80%+	单元测试

Code Type	Target Coverage	Testing Method
Financial calculation, authentication, security	100%	Unit Test
Service/Manager business logic	80%+	Unit Test
Controller Layer	80%+	Integration Test
Utility classes	80%+	Unit Test