protracted-strategy
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Original
English🇨🇳
Translation
Chinese持久战略
Protracted Strategy
"在战略上我们要藐视一切敌人,在战术上我们要重视一切敌人。也就是说在整体上我们一定要藐视它,在一个一个的具体问题上我们一定要重视它。" —— 毛泽东(1958年)
"In strategy we must despise all enemies, in tactics we must take all enemies seriously. That is to say, we must despise it as a whole, and we must take it seriously on every specific issue." —— Mao Zedong (1958)
核心原则
Core Principles
面对复杂长期任务,既不急于求成(速胜论),也不畏难放弃(悲观论),而是划分阶段、稳步推进。战略上保持信心,战术上每一步都严谨对待。
详细原著依据见 original-texts.md
When facing complex long-term tasks, neither be eager for quick success (theory of quick victory) nor give up out of fear of difficulty (pessimism), but divide the work into stages and advance steadily. Maintain confidence at the strategic level, and treat every step rigorously at the tactical level.
For detailed original work references, see original-texts.md
不适用场景
Inapplicable Scenarios
以下情况不需要调用此 skill:
- 任务可以在当前会话内完成 —— 不需要分阶段战略,直接做完
- 用户只需要一个具体步骤的执行结果
- 问题已经有清晰的解法,只缺执行 —— 用 集中完成
concentrate-forces - 处于某一阶段的具体执行中,不需要重新评估战略
You do not need to invoke this skill in the following scenarios:
- The task can be completed within the current session — no phased strategy is required, finish it directly
- The user only needs the execution result of a specific step
- The problem already has a clear solution, only execution is missing — use to complete it centrally
concentrate-forces - You are in the specific execution phase of a certain stage, no need to re-evaluate the strategy
何时使用
When to Use
你应该在以下情况调用此 skill:
- 面对一个明显需要长时间才能完成的复杂任务
- 当前处于劣势(资源不足、信息不够、能力暂时不足)
- 任务进行中遇到了瓶颈,感到焦虑或想放弃
- 需要规划一个分阶段的推进策略
- 别人催促快速完成,但你判断不可能速成
- 需要在保存实力的同时持续推进
You should invoke this skill in the following situations:
- Facing a complex task that obviously requires a long time to complete
- Currently at a disadvantage (insufficient resources, insufficient information, temporary lack of capacity)
- Encountered a bottleneck during task execution, feel anxious or want to give up
- Need to plan a phased promotion strategy
- Others urge quick completion, but you judge that it cannot be achieved rapidly
- Need to continue advancing while preserving strength
方法流程
Method Process
第一步:客观评估态势
Step 1: Objectively Assess the Situation
"主观指导的正确与否...影响到战争的胜败。"——《论持久战》
对任务进行全面、客观的评估:
我方条件:
- 当前拥有的资源、能力、信息
- 已取得的成果和进展
- 存在的弱点和不足
任务条件:
- 任务的总体规模和难度
- 可预见的困难和障碍
- 有利的条件和机遇
关键: 既不夸大困难(导致悲观),也不低估困难(导致冒进)。实事求是。
"Whether the subjective guidance is correct or not... affects the victory or defeat of the war."—— On Protracted War
Conduct a comprehensive and objective assessment of the task:
Our conditions:
- Currently available resources, capabilities, information
- Achieved results and progress
- Existing weaknesses and deficiencies
Task conditions:
- Overall scale and difficulty of the task
- Foreseeable difficulties and obstacles
- Favorable conditions and opportunities
Key point: Neither exaggerate difficulties (leading to pessimism) nor underestimate difficulties (leading to reckless advance). Seek truth from facts.
第二步:拒绝速胜论和悲观论
Step 2: Reject the Theory of Quick Victory and Pessimism
既反对"亡国论"也反对"速胜论"——《论持久战》
做出清醒判断:
- 速胜论的表现: "这很简单,马上就能搞定""加把劲一次做完"
- 悲观论的表现: "这太复杂了,做不到""这个超出了能力范围"
- 正确态度: "这需要持久的努力,但最终可以完成。关键是分阶段推进。"
Oppose both the "theory of national subjugation" and the "theory of quick victory"—— On Protracted War
Make a sober judgment:
- Performance of quick victory theory: "This is very simple, it can be done right away" "Work harder and finish it in one go"
- Performance of pessimism: "This is too complicated, it can't be done" "This is beyond the scope of ability"
- Correct attitude: "This requires persistent effort, but it can be completed in the end. The key is to advance in stages."
第三步:划分阶段
Step 3: Divide Into Stages
战略防御 → 战略相持 → 战略反攻——《论持久战》
将长期任务划分为三个阶段:
第一阶段·战略防御(探索与积累):
- 目标:站稳脚跟,保存实力,积累认识
- 方法:调查研究(),建立基础认知
investigation-first - 心态:不急于求成,允许"退让"以保存力量
- 关键动作:做能做的小事,积累第一手经验
第二阶段·战略相持(最困难也最关键):
- 目标:逐步积累优势,等待转折点
- 方法:积小胜为大胜,在每个具体问题上集中兵力()
concentrate-forces - 心态:耐心,这是"最困难的时期,然而它是转变的枢纽"
- 关键动作:持续推进,不因缓慢而气馁
第三阶段·战略反攻(突破与收获):
- 目标:利用积累的优势,全面推进
- 方法:条件成熟时果断出击
- 心态:自信但不大意
- 关键动作:识别转折点,把握时机
Strategic defense → Strategic stalemate → Strategic counteroffensive—— On Protracted War
Divide long-term tasks into three stages:
Stage 1 · Strategic Defense (Exploration and Accumulation):
- Goal: Gain a firm foothold, preserve strength, accumulate knowledge
- Method: Investigation and research (), establish basic cognition
investigation-first - Mentality: Do not be eager for quick success, allow "concession" to preserve strength
- Key action: Do small feasible tasks, accumulate first-hand experience
Stage 2 · Strategic Stalemate (Most Difficult and Most Critical):
- Goal: Gradually accumulate advantages, wait for the turning point
- Method: Accumulate small wins into big victories, concentrate forces on each specific issue ()
concentrate-forces - Mentality: Be patient, this is "the most difficult period, yet it is the hub of transformation"
- Key action: Continue advancing, do not be discouraged by slow progress
Stage 3 · Strategic Counteroffensive (Breakthrough and Harvest):
- Goal: Leverage accumulated advantages to advance comprehensively
- Method: Attack decisively when conditions are ripe
- Mentality: Confident but not careless
- Key action: Identify turning points and seize opportunities
第四步:在防御中求进攻
Step 4: Seek Offense in Defense
"在战略防御中求战术进攻"——《论持久战》
即使在整体处于困难阶段,也要在具体的、局部的问题上采取主动:
- 战略上是持久战,战术上求速决
- 在每个具体小任务上集中力量快速完成
- 用一个一个的小胜利积累信心和优势
"Seek tactical offense in strategic defense"—— On Protracted War
Even when you are in a difficult stage overall, you should take the initiative on specific, local issues:
- It is a protracted war at the strategic level, seek quick decisions at the tactical level
- Concentrate forces to complete each specific small task quickly
- Accumulate confidence and advantages with one small victory after another
第五步:识别转折点
Step 5: Identify Turning Points
"第二阶段...是转变的枢纽"——《论持久战》
持续观察条件变化,识别从相持转向反攻的时机:
- 积累的认识是否已经足够?
- 资源和能力是否已经到位?
- 外部条件是否已经成熟?
- 主要障碍是否已经被消除?
当条件成熟时,果断转入全面推进。
"The second stage... is the hub of transformation"—— On Protracted War
Continuously observe changes in conditions, identify the timing of transition from stalemate to counteroffensive:
- Is the accumulated knowledge sufficient?
- Are resources and capabilities already in place?
- Are external conditions already ripe?
- Have the main obstacles been eliminated?
When conditions are ripe, decisively switch to full-scale advancement.
第六步:保持主观能动性
Step 6: Maintain Subjective Initiative
"决定的因素是人不是物"——《论持久战》
在整个过程中:
- 保持积极的态度和主动的精神
- 不被暂时的困难所压倒
- 利用一切有利条件
- 在不利中创造有利
"The decisive factor is man, not material things"—— On Protracted War
Throughout the whole process:
- Maintain a positive attitude and active spirit
- Do not be overwhelmed by temporary difficulties
- Take advantage of all favorable conditions
- Create favorable situations from adversity
常见错误
Common Mistakes
| 错误 | 毛泽东的批评 | 正确做法 |
|---|---|---|
| 急于求成 | "速胜论"——盲目乐观 | 承认需要时间,分阶段推进 |
| 遇难放弃 | "亡国论"——悲观投降 | 困难是暂时的,坚持就能胜利 |
| 在困难阶段消极等待 | "在战略防御中求战术进攻" | 困难阶段也要主动出击 |
| 不识别阶段转换 | 要识别"转变的枢纽" | 持续评估,把握转折时机 |
| 蛮干不退让 | "聪明的拳师往往退让一步" | 必要时战略退却保存实力 |
| Error | Mao Zedong's Criticism | Correct Practice |
|---|---|---|
| Eager for quick success | "Theory of quick victory"—— blind optimism | Admit that time is needed, advance in stages |
| Give up when encountering difficulties | "Theory of national subjugation"—— pessimistic surrender | Difficulties are temporary, persistence leads to victory |
| Passive waiting in difficult stages | "Seek tactical offense in strategic defense" | Take the initiative to attack even in difficult stages |
| Fail to identify stage transition | Need to identify the "hub of transformation" | Continuously evaluate, seize the turning point |
| Act recklessly without making concessions | "A smart boxer often takes a step back" | Make strategic retreat when necessary to preserve strength |
操作规程
Operating Procedures
当本 skill 被触发时,输出一份阶段评估表和行动计划:
-
判断当前阶段(必须明确选择一个):
- :目标明确但能力/资源暂时不足,需要先积累
战略防御期 - :已有一定基础,正在积累优势,等待转折点
战略相持期 - :条件成熟,可以全面推进
战略反攻期
-
填写阶段评估表:
当前阶段:[战略防御/相持/反攻] 判断依据:…… 我方优势:…… 我方劣势:…… 关键障碍:…… 本阶段的核心任务(1条):…… 本阶段的禁止事项:……(防止速胜论或悲观论) 转入下一阶段的条件:当 [具体条件] 时,转入 [下一阶段] -
在防御/相持期,必须同时给出"局部进攻点":即在整体处于积累阶段时,哪个具体小问题可以立刻集中力量拿下(调用)。
concentrate-forces -
设置阶段检查点:明确说明"在完成 [具体里程碑] 后,重新调用此 skill 评估阶段"。
When this skill is triggered, output a stage assessment form and action plan:
-
Determine the current stage (must explicitly choose one):
- : The goal is clear but capacity/resources are temporarily insufficient, need to accumulate first
Strategic Defense Period - : Already have a certain foundation, accumulating advantages, waiting for the turning point
Strategic Stalemate Period - : Conditions are ripe, can advance comprehensively
Strategic Counteroffensive Period
-
Fill in the stage assessment form:
Current Stage: [Strategic Defense/Stalemate/Counteroffensive] Judgment Basis: …… Our Advantages: …… Our Disadvantages: …… Key Obstacles: …… Core Task of This Stage (1 item): …… Prohibited Items in This Stage: …… (Prevent the theory of quick victory or pessimism) Conditions for Transition to the Next Stage: When [specific conditions] are met, transition to [next stage] -
During the defense/stalemate period, a "local attack point" must be provided at the same time: That is, when the whole is in the accumulation stage, which specific small problem can be solved immediately by concentrating forces (invoke).
concentrate-forces -
Set stage checkpoints: Clearly state "After completing [specific milestone], re-invoke this skill to evaluate the stage".
与其他 skill 的关系
Relationship With Other Skills
- 矛盾分析法:评估态势时需要分析主要矛盾
- 集中兵力:在每个阶段内,集中力量解决主要问题
- 星火燎原:第一阶段的"建立根据地"与星火燎原相呼应
- 实践认识论:每个阶段都是一轮实践-认识的循环
- 统筹兼顾:三个阶段之间的资源分配需要统筹兼顾
- Contradiction analysis method: Need to analyze the main contradiction when assessing the situation
- Concentrate forces: Concentrate on solving the main problem in each stage
- A single spark can start a prairie fire: The "establish base areas" action in the first stage echoes this skill
- Practice epistemology: Each stage is a cycle of practice-cognition
- Overall planning: Resource allocation among the three stages needs overall planning