devops

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Original

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DevOps

CI/CD pipelines, containerization, and deployment automation.

CI/CD流水线、容器化与部署自动化。

When to Use

适用场景

Setting up CI/CD pipelines
Creating Dockerfiles
Configuring deployments
Troubleshooting builds
Infrastructure automation

设置CI/CD流水线
创建Dockerfile
配置部署流程
构建故障排查
基础设施自动化

Docker

Dockerfile Best Practices

Dockerfile最佳实践

dockerfile

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dockerfile

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Multi-stage build

FROM node:20-alpine AS builder WORKDIR /app COPY package*.json ./ RUN npm ci COPY . . RUN npm run build

FROM node:20-alpine AS runner WORKDIR /app ENV NODE_ENV=production COPY --from=builder /app/dist ./dist COPY --from=builder /app/node_modules ./node_modules USER node EXPOSE 3000 CMD ["node", "dist/index.js"]

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FROM node:20-alpine AS builder WORKDIR /app COPY package*.json ./ RUN npm ci COPY . . RUN npm run build

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Docker Compose

yaml

version: "3.8"
services:
  app:
    build: .
    ports:
      - "3000:3000"
    environment:
      - DATABASE_URL=postgres://db:5432/app
    depends_on:
      - db
    healthcheck:
      test: ["CMD", "curl", "-f", "http://localhost:3000/health"]
      interval: 30s
      timeout: 10s
      retries: 3

  db:
    image: postgres:15-alpine
    volumes:
      - postgres_data:/var/lib/postgresql/data
    environment:
      - POSTGRES_DB=app
      - POSTGRES_PASSWORD_FILE=/run/secrets/db_password
    secrets:
      - db_password

volumes:
  postgres_data:

secrets:
  db_password:
    file: ./secrets/db_password.txt

yaml

version: "3.8"
services:
  app:
    build: .
    ports:
      - "3000:3000"
    environment:
      - DATABASE_URL=postgres://db:5432/app
    depends_on:
      - db
    healthcheck:
      test: ["CMD", "curl", "-f", "http://localhost:3000/health"]
      interval: 30s
      timeout: 10s
      retries: 3

  db:
    image: postgres:15-alpine
    volumes:
      - postgres_data:/var/lib/postgresql/data
    environment:
      - POSTGRES_DB=app
      - POSTGRES_PASSWORD_FILE=/run/secrets/db_password
    secrets:
      - db_password

volumes:
  postgres_data:

secrets:
  db_password:
    file: ./secrets/db_password.txt

GitHub Actions

yaml

name: CI/CD

on:
  push:
    branches: [main]
  pull_request:
    branches: [main]

jobs:
  test:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - uses: actions/setup-node@v4
        with:
          node-version: 20
          cache: "npm"
      - run: npm ci
      - run: npm test
      - run: npm run lint

  deploy:
    needs: test
    if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/main'
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Deploy
        run: |
          echo "Deploying to production"

yaml

name: CI/CD

on:
  push:
    branches: [main]
  pull_request:
    branches: [main]

jobs:
  test:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - uses: actions/setup-node@v4
        with:
          node-version: 20
          cache: "npm"
      - run: npm ci
      - run: npm test
      - run: npm run lint

  deploy:
    needs: test
    if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/main'
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Deploy
        run: |
          echo "Deploying to production"

Kubernetes Basics

Kubernetes基础

yaml

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: app
spec:
  replicas: 3
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: myapp
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: myapp
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: app
          image: myapp:latest
          ports:
            - containerPort: 3000
          resources:
            requests:
              memory: "128Mi"
              cpu: "100m"
            limits:
              memory: "256Mi"
              cpu: "200m"
          livenessProbe:
            httpGet:
              path: /health
              port: 3000
            initialDelaySeconds: 10
            periodSeconds: 30

yaml

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: app
spec:
  replicas: 3
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: myapp
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: myapp
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: app
          image: myapp:latest
          ports:
            - containerPort: 3000
          resources:
            requests:
              memory: "128Mi"
              cpu: "100m"
            limits:
              memory: "256Mi"
              cpu: "200m"
          livenessProbe:
            httpGet:
              path: /health
              port: 3000
            initialDelaySeconds: 10
            periodSeconds: 30

Examples

示例

Input: "Set up CI/CD for this project" Action: Detect framework, create GitHub Actions workflow, add tests and deploy steps

Input: "Dockerize this app" Action: Create optimized Dockerfile, docker-compose for local dev, document usage

输入： "为该项目搭建CI/CD" 操作： 检测框架，创建GitHub Actions工作流，添加测试与部署步骤

输入： "将该应用容器化" 操作： 创建优化的Dockerfile、用于本地开发的docker-compose，编写使用文档