contract-review

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Contract Review

合同审查

Systematically analyze contracts to identify risks, unfavorable clauses, and negotiation opportunities before signing.

在签署前系统性分析合同，识别风险、不利条款以及谈判契机。

When to Use This Skill

何时使用该Skill

Reviewing vendor/SaaS contracts
Analyzing partnership agreements
Evaluating client service agreements
Reviewing employment contracts
Due diligence on M&A documents

审查供应商/SaaS合同
分析合作协议
评估客户服务协议
审查雇佣合同
并购文件尽职调查

Methodology Foundation

方法论基础

Based on legal contract analysis frameworks combined with:

Risk assessment matrices
Common clause libraries
Industry-standard benchmarks
Negotiation leverage analysis

基于法律合同分析框架，结合以下内容：

风险评估矩阵
常见条款库
行业标准基准
谈判杠杆分析

What Claude Does vs What You Decide

Claude的职责 vs 你的决策

Claude Does	You Decide
Identifies risky clauses	Risk tolerance level
Flags unusual terms	What to negotiate
Compares to standards	Final accept/reject
Suggests alternatives	Business trade-offs
Summarizes obligations	Legal counsel needs

Claude的职责	你的决策
识别高风险条款	风险容忍度
标记异常条款	谈判内容
与标准条款对比	最终接受/拒绝
提出替代方案	业务权衡
总结义务条款	是否需要法律顾问

Instructions

操作步骤

Step 1: Contract Overview

步骤1：合同概述

Initial Assessment:

Element	What to Capture
Parties	Who's bound
Type	Service, license, partnership
Term	Duration, renewal
Value	Total commitment
Jurisdiction	Governing law

初步评估：

要素	需记录内容
参与方	合同约束对象
类型	服务、许可、合作
期限	有效期、续约规则
价值	总承诺金额
管辖范围	适用法律

Step 2: Risk Categories

步骤2：风险分类

Clause Risk Matrix:

Category	Low Risk	Medium Risk	High Risk
Liability	Mutual caps	Uncapped	Unlimited indemnity
Term	Monthly	Annual	Multi-year auto-renew
Data	Standard DPA	Custom terms	Broad usage rights
IP	License only	Work for hire	Assignment
Termination	30-day notice	For cause only	Penalties

条款风险矩阵：

类别	低风险	中风险	高风险
责任	双方责任上限	无上限	无限赔偿
期限	月度	年度	多年自动续约
数据	标准数据处理协议（DPA）	自定义条款	广泛使用权限
知识产权（IP）	仅许可	委托作品	权利转让
终止	30天通知期	仅因违约终止	终止违约金

Step 3: Clause-by-Clause Analysis

步骤3：逐条条款分析

Key Clauses to Review:

Payment Terms:

Net terms (30/60/90)
Late payment penalties
Price escalation clauses
Audit rights

Liability & Indemnification:

Cap on liability (multiple of fees)
Carve-outs (willful misconduct, IP)
Indemnification scope
Insurance requirements

Termination:

For convenience vs. for cause
Notice periods
Transition assistance
Data return/destruction

IP & Data:

Ownership of deliverables
License scope
Data usage rights
Confidentiality obligations

重点审查条款：

付款条款：

账期（30/60/90天）
逾期付款违约金
价格上调条款
审计权限

责任与赔偿：

责任上限（费用倍数）
例外情况（故意不当行为、知识产权）
赔偿范围
保险要求

终止条款：

任意终止 vs 违约终止
通知期
过渡协助
数据返还/销毁

知识产权与数据：

交付物所有权
许可范围
数据使用权限
保密义务

Step 4: Benchmarking

步骤4：基准对比

Industry Standards:

Clause	Typical	Favorable	Unfavorable
Liability cap	12 mo fees	24 mo fees	Uncapped
Payment	Net 30	Net 45	Net 15
Termination	30 days	60 days	90+ days
Auto-renewal	30-day opt-out	60-day opt-out	90-day opt-out

行业标准：

条款	典型情况	有利情况	不利情况
责任上限	12个月费用	24个月费用	无上限
付款	30天账期	45天账期	15天账期
终止通知期	30天	60天	90天以上
自动续约	30天退出通知	60天退出通知	90天退出通知

Step 5: Generate Recommendations

步骤5：生成建议

Output Structure:

Executive summary (2-3 sentences)
Risk rating (Low/Medium/High/Critical)
Red flags (must address)
Yellow flags (should negotiate)
Green flags (acceptable)
Recommended redlines
Questions for counsel

输出结构：

执行摘要（2-3句话）
风险等级（低/中/高/严重）
红色预警（必须解决）
黄色预警（应谈判）
绿色通过（可接受）
建议修订内容
需向法律顾问咨询的问题

Examples

示例

Example 1: SaaS Vendor Contract Review

示例1：SaaS供应商合同审查

Input:

Review this SaaS contract summary:
- 3-year term with 90-day auto-renewal notice
- Unlimited liability for data breaches
- Vendor can change pricing with 30-day notice
- Data can be used for "service improvement"
- Termination only for material breach

Output:

undefined

输入：

Review this SaaS contract summary:
- 3-year term with 90-day auto-renewal notice
- Unlimited liability for data breaches
- Vendor can change pricing with 30-day notice
- Data can be used for "service improvement"
- Termination only for material breach

输出：

undefined

Contract Review: SaaS Vendor Agreement

Risk Rating: HIGH

Executive Summary

This contract heavily favors the vendor with limited termination rights, uncapped liability exposure for you, and one-sided price increase provisions. Recommend significant negotiation before signing.

Red Flags (Must Address)

Clause	Issue	Risk	Recommendation
Auto-Renewal	90-day notice for 3-year contract	Lock-in risk	Reduce to 30-60 days
Pricing	Vendor can change with 30-day notice	Budget risk	Cap increases at 5%/year or CPI
Termination	Material breach only	Lock-in risk	Add termination for convenience with notice
Liability	Unlimited for data breaches	Financial risk	Cap at 24 months of fees

Clause	Issue	Risk	Recommendation
Auto-Renewal	90-day notice for 3-year contract	Lock-in risk	Reduce to 30-60 days
Pricing	Vendor can change with 30-day notice	Budget risk	Cap increases at 5%/year or CPI
Termination	Material breach only	Lock-in risk	Add termination for convenience with notice
Liability	Unlimited for data breaches	Financial risk	Cap at 24 months of fees

Yellow Flags (Should Negotiate)

Clause	Issue	Recommendation
Data Usage	"Service improvement" is vague	Define scope, exclude training AI
Term Length	3 years is long	Request 1-year with renewal option
SLA	None mentioned	Require 99.9% uptime with credits

Clause	Issue	Recommendation
Data Usage	"Service improvement" is vague	Define scope, exclude training AI
Term Length	3 years is long	Request 1-year with renewal option
SLA	None mentioned	Require 99.9% uptime with credits

Green Flags (Acceptable)

Standard confidentiality provisions
Reasonable IP license terms
Clear support response times

Standard confidentiality provisions
Reasonable IP license terms
Clear support response times

Recommended Redlines

Priority 1 (Deal Breakers):

Section 8.2: Change "90 days" to "30 days"
Section 12.1: Add "and termination for convenience
              with 60 days written notice"
Section 14.3: Add "not to exceed 24 months of fees
              paid under this Agreement"

Priority 2 (Strongly Preferred):

Section 5.1: Add "Price increases shall not exceed
              5% annually"
Section 9.4: Change "service improvement" to
              "providing and improving the Service
              for Customer"

Priority 1 (Deal Breakers):

Section 8.2: Change "90 days" to "30 days"
Section 12.1: Add "and termination for convenience
              with 60 days written notice"
Section 14.3: Add "not to exceed 24 months of fees
              paid under this Agreement"

Priority 2 (Strongly Preferred):

Section 5.1: Add "Price increases shall not exceed
              5% annually"
Section 9.4: Change "service improvement" to
              "providing and improving the Service
              for Customer"

Questions for Legal Counsel

Is unlimited data breach liability acceptable given our cyber insurance coverage?
What's our exposure if we need to exit before term completion?
Are there regulatory implications for the data usage clause?

Is unlimited data breach liability acceptable given our cyber insurance coverage?
What's our exposure if we need to exit before term completion?
Are there regulatory implications for the data usage clause?

Negotiation Leverage

Your Position: First-year customer, significant deal size

Their Likely Flex:

Auto-renewal notice period
Liability caps
Pricing caps

Their Likely Firm:

Base term length
Core data usage rights

undefined

Your Position: First-year customer, significant deal size

Their Likely Flex:

Auto-renewal notice period
Liability caps
Pricing caps

Their Likely Firm:

Base term length
Core data usage rights

undefined

Example 2: Quick Risk Assessment

示例2：快速风险评估

Input:

Quick review - key concerns only:
- Unlimited indemnification for IP claims
- 2x annual fees liability cap
- Net 45 payment terms
- 60-day termination notice
- Standard DPA included

Output:

undefined

输入：

Quick review - key concerns only:
- Unlimited indemnification for IP claims
- 2x annual fees liability cap
- Net 45 payment terms
- 60-day termination notice
- Standard DPA included

输出：

undefined

Quick Risk Assessment

Overall: MEDIUM RISK

Clause	Rating	Note
Indemnification	HIGH	Unlimited IP indemnity is risky
Liability Cap	GREEN	2x is standard
Payment	GREEN	Net 45 is favorable
Termination	GREEN	60 days is reasonable
Data Protection	GREEN	Standard DPA

Clause	Rating	Note
Indemnification	HIGH	Unlimited IP indemnity is risky
Liability Cap	GREEN	2x is standard
Payment	GREEN	Net 45 is favorable
Termination	GREEN	60 days is reasonable
Data Protection	GREEN	Standard DPA

Priority Action

Address Indemnification:

Request mutual cap on IP indemnity
Propose "lesser of [amount] or 12 months fees"
Alternative: carve out for willful infringement only

Everything Else: Acceptable, proceed if IP indemnity resolved.

undefined

Address Indemnification:

Request mutual cap on IP indemnity
Propose "lesser of [amount] or 12 months fees"
Alternative: carve out for willful infringement only

Everything Else: Acceptable, proceed if IP indemnity resolved.

undefined

Skill Boundaries

Skill边界

What This Skill Does Well

该Skill擅长的内容

Identifying common risk patterns
Comparing to industry benchmarks
Structuring negotiation priorities
Flagging unusual clauses

识别常见风险模式
与行业基准对比
制定谈判优先级
标记异常条款

What This Skill Cannot Do

该Skill无法完成的内容

Provide legal advice
Know jurisdiction-specific requirements
Assess strategic business importance
Replace qualified legal counsel

提供法律建议
了解特定管辖区域的要求
评估战略业务重要性
替代合格法律顾问

When to Escalate to Human

何时升级至人工处理

Contracts over $100K annual value
Non-standard or heavily negotiated terms
Any regulated industry requirements
Indemnification or liability questions

年度价值超过10万美元的合同
非标准或经过大量谈判的条款
任何受监管行业的要求
赔偿或责任相关问题

Iteration Guide

迭代指南

Follow-up Prompts:

"What's the worst-case scenario for the liability clause?"
"Draft redline language for [specific clause]"
"How does this compare to [competitor] contracts?"
"What should we ask for in return if we accept [term]?"

后续提示示例：

"责任条款的最坏情况是什么？"
"为[特定条款]起草修订语言"
"这与[竞争对手]的合同相比如何？"
"如果我们接受[条款]，应该要求什么作为回报？"

References

参考资料

ACC (Association of Corporate Counsel) Contract Guidelines
IACCM Contract Terms Benchmarking
Tech Contract Negotiation Best Practices
Standard SaaS Agreement Templates

ACC（企业法律顾问协会）合同指南
IACCM合同条款基准
技术合同谈判最佳实践
标准SaaS协议模板

Related Skills

Skill Metadata

Skill元数据

Domain: Legal
Complexity: Intermediate
Mode: centaur
Time to Value: 30-60 min per contract
Prerequisites: Contract access, business context

领域: 法律
复杂度: 中级
模式: 人机协作（centaur）
价值交付时间: 每份合同30-60分钟
前提条件: 可访问合同、业务背景

contract-review

Original

Translation

Contract Review

合同审查

When to Use This Skill

何时使用该Skill

Methodology Foundation

方法论基础

What Claude Does vs What You Decide

Claude的职责 vs 你的决策

Instructions

操作步骤

Step 1: Contract Overview

步骤1：合同概述

Step 2: Risk Categories

步骤2：风险分类

Step 3: Clause-by-Clause Analysis

步骤3：逐条条款分析

Step 4: Benchmarking

步骤4：基准对比

Step 5: Generate Recommendations

步骤5：生成建议

Examples

示例

Example 1: SaaS Vendor Contract Review

示例1：SaaS供应商合同审查

Contract Review: SaaS Vendor Agreement

Contract Review: SaaS Vendor Agreement

Risk Rating: HIGH

Risk Rating: HIGH

Executive Summary

Executive Summary

Red Flags (Must Address)

Red Flags (Must Address)

Yellow Flags (Should Negotiate)

Yellow Flags (Should Negotiate)

Green Flags (Acceptable)

Green Flags (Acceptable)

Recommended Redlines

Recommended Redlines

Questions for Legal Counsel

Questions for Legal Counsel

Negotiation Leverage

Negotiation Leverage

Example 2: Quick Risk Assessment

示例2：快速风险评估

Quick Risk Assessment

Quick Risk Assessment

Overall: MEDIUM RISK

Overall: MEDIUM RISK

Priority Action

Priority Action

Skill Boundaries

Skill边界

What This Skill Does Well

该Skill擅长的内容

What This Skill Cannot Do

该Skill无法完成的内容

When to Escalate to Human

何时升级至人工处理

Iteration Guide

迭代指南

References

参考资料

Related Skills

相关Skill

Skill Metadata

Skill元数据