pragmatic-programmer

Compare original and translation side by side

🇺🇸

Original

English

🇨🇳

Translation

Chinese

The Pragmatic Programmer Reference

《程序员修炼之道》参考手册

A comprehensive reference for pragmatic software development principles based on "The Pragmatic Programmer" by David Thomas and Andrew Hunt. This skill provides timeless advice for becoming a better developer.

这是基于David Thomas和Andrew Hunt所著《程序员修炼之道》的务实软件开发原则综合参考手册。本技能为成为更优秀的开发者提供永不过时的建议。

When This Skill Activates

本技能的激活场景

This skill automatically activates when you:

Discuss software development best practices
Need debugging strategies
Consider code duplication (DRY)
Think about tooling and automation
Discuss project estimation or planning
Review development workflows

当你进行以下操作时，本技能会自动激活：

讨论软件开发最佳实践
需要调试策略
考虑代码重复（DRY）问题
思考工具与自动化相关内容
讨论项目估算或规划
评审开发工作流

Core Philosophy

核心理念

"Care about your craft." "Think about your work."

Pragmatic programmers:

Take responsibility for their career and work
Don't make excuses—provide options
Are agents of change, not victims of circumstance
Continuously learn and adapt

"重视你的技艺。" "思考你的工作。"

务实的程序员：

为自己的职业和工作负责
不找借口，而是提供解决方案
是变革的推动者，而非环境的受害者
持续学习与适应

Quick Reference

快速参考

Foundational Principles

基础原则

Principle	Summary
DRY - Don't Repeat Yourself	Every piece of knowledge has a single representation
Orthogonality	Keep things independent and decoupled
Reversibility	Make decisions reversible; avoid lock-in
Tracer Bullets	Get feedback fast with end-to-end skeleton
Prototypes	Learn before committing; throw away prototypes
Domain Languages	Program close to the problem domain
Estimating	Learn to give accurate estimates

原则	摘要
DRY - Don't Repeat Yourself	每一项知识都有唯一的表示形式
Orthogonality	保持事物独立且解耦
Reversibility	让决策具备可逆性；避免锁定
Tracer Bullets	通过端到端骨架快速获取反馈
Prototypes	先学习再投入；原型可丢弃
Domain Languages	贴近问题域进行编程
Estimating	学会给出准确的估算

Practical Techniques

实用技巧

Practice	Summary
The Power of Plain Text	Keep knowledge in accessible format
Shell Games	Master the command line
Debugging	Fix the problem, not the blame
Text Manipulation	Learn text processing tools
Code Generators	Write code that writes code
Design by Contract	Define rights and responsibilities
Assertive Programming	If it can't happen, use assertions
Decoupling	Minimize dependencies between modules
Refactoring	Improve code continuously
Testing	Test early, test often, test automatically
Automation	Don't use manual procedures

实践	摘要
The Power of Plain Text	以易访问的格式存储知识
Shell Games	精通命令行
Debugging	解决问题，而非归咎于人
Text Manipulation	学习文本处理工具
Code Generators	编写能生成代码的代码
Design by Contract	定义权利与责任
Assertive Programming	对于不可能发生的情况，使用断言
Decoupling	最小化模块间的依赖
Refactoring	持续改进代码
Testing	尽早测试、经常测试、自动化测试
Automation	拒绝手动流程

The Pragmatic Tips

务实小贴士

Key tips from the book:

Care About Your Craft - Why spend your life developing software unless you care?
Think! About Your Work - Turn off autopilot and take control
Provide Options, Don't Make Excuses - Don't say it can't be done; explain what can be done
Don't Live with Broken Windows - Fix bad designs and wrong decisions when you see them
Be a Catalyst for Change - Show people the future and help them participate
Remember the Big Picture - Don't get so focused you forget what you're doing
Make Quality a Requirements Issue - Get users involved in determining quality
Invest Regularly in Your Knowledge Portfolio - Make learning a habit
Critically Analyze What You Read and Hear - Don't be swayed by vendors or media hype
It's Both What You Say and How You Say It - Communication matters

书中的关键小贴士：

重视你的技艺 - 除非你热爱这份工作，否则为何要一生投入软件开发？
思考你的工作 - 关闭自动驾驶模式，掌控自己的工作
提供解决方案，而非找借口 - 不说“做不到”，而是说明“能做什么”
不要容忍破窗 - 一旦发现不良设计或错误决策，立即修复
成为变革的催化剂 - 向人们展示未来，并帮助他们参与其中
牢记全局 - 不要过于专注细节而忘记初衷
将质量作为需求问题 - 让用户参与质量标准的制定
定期投资你的知识组合 - 让学习成为习惯
批判性地分析你阅读和听到的内容 - 不要被厂商或媒体炒作左右
内容与表达方式同样重要 - 沟通至关重要

The Knowledge Portfolio

知识投资组合

Treat your knowledge like a financial portfolio:

Invest regularly - Learn something new routinely
Diversify - Know many different technologies
Manage risk - Balance safe tech with high-risk/high-reward
Buy low, sell high - Learn emerging tech before it becomes mainstream
Review and rebalance - Reassess periodically

将你的知识视为金融投资组合：

定期投资 - 定期学习新知识
多元化 - 了解多种不同技术
管理风险 - 在安全技术与高风险高回报技术间取得平衡
低买高卖 - 在新兴技术成为主流前学习它
复盘与再平衡 - 定期重新评估

Suggestions:

建议：

Learn a new language every year
Read a technical book each month
Read non-technical books too
Take classes
Participate in local user groups
Experiment with different environments
Stay current (newsletters, blogs, conferences)

每年学习一门新语言
每月阅读一本技术书籍
也阅读非技术书籍
参加课程
参与本地用户组活动
尝试不同的开发环境
紧跟技术前沿（通讯简报、博客、会议）

Communication

沟通

Know what you want to say
Know your audience
Choose the right moment
Choose a style
Make it look good
Involve your audience
Be a listener
Get back to people
Documentation is part of the project, not after

明确你要表达的内容
了解你的受众
选择合适的时机
选择恰当的风格
让内容清晰美观
引导受众参与
学会倾听
及时回复他人
文档是项目的一部分，而非事后补充

Language Translation Notes

语言适配说明

Examples use generic pseudocode. Adapt to your language:

PHP:
```
class
```
,
```
function
```
,
```
->
```
, type hints
JavaScript/TypeScript:
```
class
```
, arrow functions,
```
.
```
Python:
```
class
```
,
```
def
```
,
```
.
```
, type hints
Java/C#: Direct mapping with access modifiers

Based on concepts from "The Pragmatic Programmer: Your Journey to Mastery" by David Thomas and Andrew Hunt.

示例使用通用伪代码。可适配你使用的语言：

PHP：
```
class
```
,
```
function
```
,
```
->
```
, 类型提示
JavaScript/TypeScript：
```
class
```
, 箭头函数,
```
.
```
Python：
```
class
```
,
```
def
```
,
```
.
```
, 类型提示
Java/C#：直接映射并使用访问修饰符

基于David Thomas和Andrew Hunt所著《程序员修炼之道：通向大师之路》中的概念。