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OpenTelemetry with Grafana

OpenTelemetry 结合 Grafana 使用

Overview

概述

OpenTelemetry (OTel) is a vendor-neutral framework for collecting observability data (metrics, logs, traces, profiles). Grafana Labs integrates it as a core strategy, offering a full stack to collect, ingest, store, analyze, and visualize telemetry data.
OpenTelemetry（OTel）是一个厂商中立的可观测性数据（指标、日志、链路追踪、性能剖析）采集框架。Grafana Labs 将其作为核心集成策略，提供一套完整的栈来采集、摄入、存储、分析和可视化遥测数据。

Four-Step Implementation Model

四步实施模型

  1. Instrument - Add telemetry using Grafana SDKs, Beyla (eBPF), or upstream OTel SDKs
  2. Pipeline - Build processing infrastructure with Grafana Alloy or OTel Collector
  3. Ingest - Route data to Grafana Cloud OTLP endpoint or self-managed backends
  4. Analyze - Dashboards, alerts, Application Observability, Drilldown apps
  1. 埋点 - 使用Grafana SDK、Beyla（eBPF）或上游OTel SDK添加遥测数据
  2. 流水线 - 使用Grafana Alloy或OTel Collector构建处理基础设施
  3. 摄入 - 将数据路由至Grafana Cloud OTLP端点或自托管后端
  4. 分析 - 仪表盘、告警、应用可观测性、钻取应用

Grafana Backends

Grafana 后端

SignalBackend
MetricsGrafana Mimir
LogsGrafana Loki
TracesGrafana Tempo
ProfilesGrafana Pyroscope
信号类型后端服务
指标Grafana Mimir
日志Grafana Loki
链路追踪Grafana Tempo
性能剖析Grafana Pyroscope

OTLP Endpoint and Authentication

OTLP 端点与认证

Grafana Cloud OTLP Endpoint

Grafana Cloud OTLP 端点

Grafana Cloud exposes a managed OTLP gateway endpoint:
https://otlp-gateway-<region>.grafana.net/otlp
Example regions: 
prod-us-east-0
, 
prod-eu-west-0
, 
prod-ap-southeast-0
Full example:
https://otlp-gateway-prod-us-east-0.grafana.net/otlp
Grafana Cloud 提供一个托管的OTLP网关端点：
https://otlp-gateway-<region>.grafana.net/otlp
示例区域：
prod-us-east-0
, 
prod-eu-west-0
, 
prod-ap-southeast-0
完整示例：
https://otlp-gateway-prod-us-east-0.grafana.net/otlp

Authentication - Basic Auth

认证 - 基础认证

Grafana Cloud OTLP uses HTTP Basic Auth:
  • Username: Grafana Cloud Instance ID (numeric, e.g. 
    123456
    )
  • Password: Grafana Cloud API token (with MetricsPublisher, LogsPublisher, TracesPublisher roles)
Grafana Cloud OTLP 使用HTTP基础认证：
  • 用户名：Grafana Cloud实例ID（数字格式，例如 
    123456
    ）
  • 密码：Grafana Cloud API令牌（需具备MetricsPublisher、LogsPublisher、TracesPublisher权限）

Via environment variable (recommended)

通过环境变量（推荐方式）

bash
undefined
bash
undefined

Base64-encode "instanceID:apiToken"

对"instanceID:apiToken"进行Base64编码

export OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_HEADERS="Authorization=Basic $(echo -n '123456:glc_eyJ...' | base64)"
undefined
export OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_HEADERS="Authorization=Basic $(echo -n '123456:glc_eyJ...' | base64)"
undefined

Via Alloy environment variables

通过Alloy环境变量

bash
export GRAFANA_CLOUD_INSTANCE_ID=123456
export GRAFANA_CLOUD_API_KEY=glc_eyJ...
export GRAFANA_CLOUD_OTLP_ENDPOINT=https://otlp-gateway-prod-us-east-0.grafana.net/otlp
bash
export GRAFANA_CLOUD_INSTANCE_ID=123456
export GRAFANA_CLOUD_API_KEY=glc_eyJ...
export GRAFANA_CLOUD_OTLP_ENDPOINT=https://otlp-gateway-prod-us-east-0.grafana.net/otlp

Direct Send (no collector) - Environment Variables

直接发送（无收集器）- 环境变量配置

bash
export OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_ENDPOINT=https://otlp-gateway-prod-us-east-0.grafana.net/otlp
export OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_PROTOCOL=http/protobuf
export OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_HEADERS="Authorization=Basic <base64(instanceID:apiToken)>"
export OTEL_RESOURCE_ATTRIBUTES="service.name=myapp,service.namespace=myteam,deployment.environment=production"
bash
export OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_ENDPOINT=https://otlp-gateway-prod-us-east-0.grafana.net/otlp
export OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_PROTOCOL=http/protobuf
export OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_HEADERS="Authorization=Basic <base64(instanceID:apiToken)>"
export OTEL_RESOURCE_ATTRIBUTES="service.name=myapp,service.namespace=myteam,deployment.environment=production"

Instrumentation by Language

各语言埋点方案

Go

Go

Requirements: Go 1.22+
Install packages:
bash
go get "go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/instrumentation/net/http/otelhttp" \
  "go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/instrumentation/runtime" \
  "go.opentelemetry.io/otel" \
  "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlpmetric/otlpmetrichttp" \
  "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace" \
  "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracehttp" \
  "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk" \
  "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/metric"
Run with environment variables:
bash
OTEL_RESOURCE_ATTRIBUTES="service.name=myapp,service.namespace=myteam,deployment.environment=prod" \
OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_ENDPOINT=http://localhost:4317 \
OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_HEADERS="Authorization=Basic <base64>" \
go run .
See 
references/instrumentation.md
for full Go code example.
要求： Go 1.22+
安装依赖包：
bash
go get "go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/instrumentation/net/http/otelhttp" \
  "go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/instrumentation/runtime" \
  "go.opentelemetry.io/otel" \
  "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlpmetric/otlpmetrichttp" \
  "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace" \
  "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracehttp" \
  "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk" \
  "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/metric"
结合环境变量运行：
bash
OTEL_RESOURCE_ATTRIBUTES="service.name=myapp,service.namespace=myteam,deployment.environment=prod" \
OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_ENDPOINT=http://localhost:4317 \
OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_HEADERS="Authorization=Basic <base64>" \
go run .
完整Go代码示例请查看
references/instrumentation.md
。

Java (Grafana Distribution - JVM Agent)

Java（Grafana发行版 - JVM Agent）

Requirements: JDK 8+
Download: 
grafana-opentelemetry-java.jar
from https://github.com/grafana/grafana-opentelemetry-java/releases
Run:
bash
OTEL_RESOURCE_ATTRIBUTES="service.name=shoppingcart,service.namespace=ecommerce,deployment.environment=production" \
OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_ENDPOINT=https://otlp-gateway-prod-us-east-0.grafana.net/otlp \
OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_PROTOCOL="http/protobuf" \
OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_HEADERS="Authorization=Basic <base64>" \
java -javaagent:/path/to/grafana-opentelemetry-java.jar -jar myapp.jar
Optional: Data saver mode (reduces metric cardinality):
bash
export GRAFANA_OTEL_APPLICATION_OBSERVABILITY_METRICS=true
Debug:
bash
export OTEL_JAVAAGENT_DEBUG=true
要求： JDK 8+
下载： 从https://github.com/grafana/grafana-opentelemetry-java/releases下载`grafana-opentelemetry-java.jar`
运行：
bash
OTEL_RESOURCE_ATTRIBUTES="service.name=shoppingcart,service.namespace=ecommerce,deployment.environment=production" \
OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_ENDPOINT=https://otlp-gateway-prod-us-east-0.grafana.net/otlp \
OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_PROTOCOL="http/protobuf" \
OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_HEADERS="Authorization=Basic <base64>" \
java -javaagent:/path/to/grafana-opentelemetry-java.jar -jar myapp.jar
可选：数据节省模式（降低指标基数）：
bash
export GRAFANA_OTEL_APPLICATION_OBSERVABILITY_METRICS=true
调试：
bash
export OTEL_JAVAAGENT_DEBUG=true

Enable console output alongside OTLP

启用控制台输出与OTLP输出并存

export OTEL_TRACES_EXPORTER=otlp,console export OTEL_METRICS_EXPORTER=otlp,console export OTEL_LOGS_EXPORTER=otlp,console

---
export OTEL_TRACES_EXPORTER=otlp,console export OTEL_METRICS_EXPORTER=otlp,console export OTEL_LOGS_EXPORTER=otlp,console

---

Node.js

Node.js

Install:
bash
npm install --save @opentelemetry/api
npm install --save @opentelemetry/auto-instrumentations-node
Run:
bash
OTEL_TRACES_EXPORTER="otlp" \
OTEL_METRICS_EXPORTER="otlp" \
OTEL_LOGS_EXPORTER="otlp" \
OTEL_NODE_RESOURCE_DETECTORS="env,host,os" \
OTEL_RESOURCE_ATTRIBUTES="service.name=myapp,service.namespace=myteam,deployment.environment=prod" \
OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_ENDPOINT=https://otlp-gateway-prod-us-east-0.grafana.net/otlp \
OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_HEADERS="Authorization=Basic <base64>" \
NODE_OPTIONS="--require @opentelemetry/auto-instrumentations-node/register" \
node app.js
Warning: Bundlers like 
@vercel/ncc
can break auto-instrumentation hooks.
See 
references/instrumentation.md
for manual SDK setup example.
安装依赖：
bash
pm install --save @opentelemetry/api
npm install --save @opentelemetry/auto-instrumentations-node
运行：
bash
OTEL_TRACES_EXPORTER="otlp" \
OTEL_METRICS_EXPORTER="otlp" \
OTEL_LOGS_EXPORTER="otlp" \
OTEL_NODE_RESOURCE_DETECTORS="env,host,os" \
OTEL_RESOURCE_ATTRIBUTES="service.name=myapp,service.namespace=myteam,deployment.environment=prod" \
OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_ENDPOINT=https://otlp-gateway-prod-us-east-0.grafana.net/otlp \
OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_HEADERS="Authorization=Basic <base64>" \
NODE_OPTIONS="--require @opentelemetry/auto-instrumentations-node/register" \
node app.js
注意： 像
@vercel/ncc
这样的打包工具可能会破坏自动埋点钩子。
手动SDK设置示例请查看
references/instrumentation.md
。

Python

Python

Install:
bash
pip install "opentelemetry-distro[otlp]"
opentelemetry-bootstrap -a install
Run:
bash
OTEL_RESOURCE_ATTRIBUTES="service.name=myapp,service.namespace=myteam,deployment.environment=prod" \
OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_ENDPOINT=https://otlp-gateway-prod-us-east-0.grafana.net/otlp \
OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_PROTOCOL="http/protobuf" \
OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_HEADERS="Authorization=Basic <base64>" \
opentelemetry-instrument python app.py
Multi-process servers (Gunicorn, uWSGI): implement post-fork hooks to reinitialize OTel providers per worker.
安装依赖：
bash
pip install "opentelemetry-distro[otlp]"
opentelemetry-bootstrap -a install
运行：
bash
OTEL_RESOURCE_ATTRIBUTES="service.name=myapp,service.namespace=myteam,deployment.environment=prod" \
OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_ENDPOINT=https://otlp-gateway-prod-us-east-0.grafana.net/otlp \
OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_PROTOCOL="http/protobuf" \
OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_HEADERS="Authorization=Basic <base64>" \
opentelemetry-instrument python app.py
多进程服务器（Gunicorn、uWSGI）：需实现post-fork钩子，为每个工作进程重新初始化OTel提供者。

.NET (Grafana Distribution)

.NET（Grafana发行版）

Install NuGet:
bash
dotnet add package Grafana.OpenTelemetry
ASP.NET Core setup:
csharp
using Grafana.OpenTelemetry;

var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
builder.Services.AddOpenTelemetry()
    .WithTracing(configure => configure.UseGrafana())
    .WithMetrics(configure => configure.UseGrafana());
builder.Logging.AddOpenTelemetry(options => options.UseGrafana());
Run:
bash
OTEL_RESOURCE_ATTRIBUTES="service.name=myapp,service.namespace=myteam,deployment.environment=prod" \
OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_ENDPOINT=https://otlp-gateway-prod-us-east-0.grafana.net/otlp \
OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_PROTOCOL="http/protobuf" \
OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_HEADERS="Authorization=Basic <base64>" \
dotnet run
Requirements: .NET 6+ or .NET Framework 4.6.2+
See 
references/instrumentation.md
for full .NET examples.
安装NuGet包：
bash
dotnet add package Grafana.OpenTelemetry
ASP.NET Core 设置：
csharp
using Grafana.OpenTelemetry;

var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
builder.Services.AddOpenTelemetry()
    .WithTracing(configure => configure.UseGrafana())
    .WithMetrics(configure => configure.UseGrafana());
builder.Logging.AddOpenTelemetry(options => options.UseGrafana());
运行：
bash
OTEL_RESOURCE_ATTRIBUTES="service.name=myapp,service.namespace=myteam,deployment.environment=prod" \
OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_ENDPOINT=https://otlp-gateway-prod-us-east-0.grafana.net/otlp \
OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_PROTOCOL="http/protobuf" \
OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_HEADERS="Authorization=Basic <base64>" \
dotnet run
要求： .NET 6+ 或 .NET Framework 4.6.2+
完整.NET示例请查看
references/instrumentation.md
。

Beyla (eBPF - Language Agnostic)

Beyla（eBPF - 跨语言）

Grafana Beyla instruments at the network layer - no code changes required, works with any language.
bash
undefined
Grafana Beyla 在网络层实现埋点 - 无需修改代码，适用于任意语言。
bash
undefined

Docker

Docker方式运行

docker run --rm -it
--privileged
-e BEYLA_SERVICE_NAME=myapp
-e OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_ENDPOINT=http://localhost:4317
-v /sys/kernel/security:/sys/kernel/security
grafana/beyla

Verify with: `curl http://localhost:9090/metrics`

Full docs: https://grafana.com/docs/beyla/

---
docker run --rm -it
--privileged
-e BEYLA_SERVICE_NAME=myapp
-e OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_ENDPOINT=http://localhost:4317
-v /sys/kernel/security:/sys/kernel/security
grafana/beyla

验证方式：`curl http://localhost:9090/metrics`

完整文档：https://grafana.com/docs/beyla/

---

Grafana Alloy Collector

Grafana Alloy 收集器

Grafana Alloy is the recommended OTel Collector distribution. It combines upstream OTel Collector components with Prometheus exporters for infrastructure + application observability correlation.
Grafana Alloy是推荐使用的OTel Collector发行版。它结合了上游OTel Collector组件与Prometheus导出器，实现基础设施与应用可观测性的关联。

Why Use a Collector?

为什么使用收集器？

  • Cost control: Aggregate, sample, and drop data before sending
  • Reliability: Buffer and retry on connection failures
  • Enrichment: Add resource attributes, transform, redact, and route data
  • 成本控制：在发送前聚合、采样、过滤数据
  • 可靠性：连接失败时缓冲并重试
  • 数据增强：添加资源属性、转换、脱敏和路由数据

Alloy Ports

Alloy 端口说明

PortProtocolPurpose
4317gRPCOTLP gRPC receiver
4318HTTPOTLP HTTP/protobuf receiver
端口协议用途
4317gRPCOTLP gRPC 接收器
4318HTTPOTLP HTTP/protobuf 接收器

Application -> Alloy -> Grafana Cloud

应用 -> Alloy -> Grafana Cloud 流程

Application env vars (point to local Alloy):
bash
export OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_ENDPOINT=http://localhost:4317
export OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_PROTOCOL=grpc
Alloy config env vars (Alloy -> Grafana Cloud):
bash
export GRAFANA_CLOUD_OTLP_ENDPOINT=https://otlp-gateway-prod-us-east-0.grafana.net/otlp
export GRAFANA_CLOUD_INSTANCE_ID=123456
export GRAFANA_CLOUD_API_KEY=glc_eyJ...
See 
references/collector-config.md
for full Alloy configuration.
应用环境变量（指向本地Alloy）：
bash
export OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_ENDPOINT=http://localhost:4317
export OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_PROTOCOL=grpc
Alloy配置环境变量（Alloy -> Grafana Cloud）：
bash
export GRAFANA_CLOUD_OTLP_ENDPOINT=https://otlp-gateway-prod-us-east-0.grafana.net/otlp
export GRAFANA_CLOUD_INSTANCE_ID=123456
export GRAFANA_CLOUD_API_KEY=glc_eyJ...
完整Alloy配置请查看
references/collector-config.md
。

Kubernetes Setup

Kubernetes 环境部署

Option 1: Grafana Kubernetes Monitoring Helm Chart (recommended)

选项1：Grafana Kubernetes Monitoring Helm Chart（推荐）

The Grafana Kubernetes Monitoring Helm chart deploys Alloy with OTLP receivers pre-configured.
  1. Enable "OTLP Receivers" in the Cluster Configuration tab
  2. Get gRPC/HTTP endpoints from "Configure Application Instrumentation" section
  3. Point apps to the in-cluster Alloy endpoint:
bash
export OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_ENDPOINT=<GRPC_ENDPOINT_FROM_HELM>
export OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_PROTOCOL=grpc
Grafana Kubernetes Monitoring Helm Chart会部署预配置好OTLP接收器的Alloy。
  1. 在集群配置页面启用"OTLP Receivers"
  2. 从"Configure Application Instrumentation"部分获取gRPC/HTTP端点
  3. 将应用指向集群内的Alloy端点：
bash
export OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_ENDPOINT=<GRPC_ENDPOINT_FROM_HELM>
export OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_PROTOCOL=grpc

Option 2: OpenTelemetry Operator

选项2：OpenTelemetry Operator

Install via official docs, then use 
Instrumentation
CR for auto-injection:
yaml
apiVersion: opentelemetry.io/v1alpha1
kind: Instrumentation
metadata:
  name: my-instrumentation
spec:
  exporter:
    endpoint: http://otelcol:4317
  propagators:
    - tracecontext
    - baggage
  java:
    # Use Grafana distribution image
    image: us-docker.pkg.dev/grafanalabs-global/docker-grafana-opentelemetry-java-prod/grafana-opentelemetry-java:2.3.0-beta.1
  nodejs: {}
  python: {}
Inject into pods with annotation:
yaml
metadata:
  annotations:
    instrumentation.opentelemetry.io/inject-java: "true"
    # or: inject-nodejs, inject-python, inject-dotnet
See 
references/collector-config.md
for Kubernetes Alloy Helm values and OTel Collector YAML.
按照官方文档安装，然后使用
Instrumentation
自定义资源实现自动注入：
yaml
apiVersion: opentelemetry.io/v1alpha1
kind: Instrumentation
metadata:
  name: my-instrumentation
spec:
  exporter:
    endpoint: http://otelcol:4317
  propagators:
    - tracecontext
    - baggage
  java:
    # 使用Grafana发行版镜像
    image: us-docker.pkg.dev/grafanalabs-global/docker-grafana-opentelemetry-java-prod/grafana-opentelemetry-java:2.3.0-beta.1
  nodejs: {}
  python: {}
向Pod中注入埋点添加注解：
yaml
metadata:
  annotations:
    instrumentation.opentelemetry.io/inject-java: "true"
    # 或者：inject-nodejs, inject-python, inject-dotnet
Kubernetes Alloy Helm配置值与OTel Collector YAML请查看
references/collector-config.md
。

Sampling Strategies

采样策略

Head-Based Sampling

头部采样

Decision made at trace start - low overhead, may miss rare errors.
Environment variable (probability sampler):
bash
export OTEL_TRACES_SAMPLER=parentbased_traceidratio
export OTEL_TRACES_SAMPLER_ARG=0.1   # 10% of traces
Alloy head sampling config:
alloy
otelcol.processor.probabilistic_sampler "default" {
  sampling_percentage = 10
  output {
    traces = [otelcol.exporter.otlphttp.grafana_cloud.input]
  }
}
在链路追踪开始时做出采样决策 - 开销低，但可能遗漏罕见错误。
环境变量（概率采样器）：
bash
export OTEL_TRACES_SAMPLER=parentbased_traceidratio
export OTEL_TRACES_SAMPLER_ARG=0.1   # 采样10%的链路
Alloy头部采样配置：
alloy
otelcol.processor.probabilistic_sampler "default" {
  sampling_percentage = 10
  output {
    traces = [otelcol.exporter.otlphttp.grafana_cloud.input]
  }
}

Tail-Based Sampling

尾部采样

Decision made after all spans collected - can sample based on outcome (e.g. keep all errors).
Alloy tail sampling config:
alloy
otelcol.processor.tail_sampling "default" {
  decision_wait            = "10s"
  num_traces               = 100000
  expected_new_traces_per_sec = 10

  policy {
    name = "keep-errors"
    type = "status_code"
    status_code {
      status_codes = ["ERROR"]
    }
  }

  policy {
    name = "probabilistic-sample"
    type = "probabilistic"
    probabilistic {
      sampling_percentage = 10
    }
  }

  output {
    traces = [otelcol.exporter.otlphttp.grafana_cloud.input]
  }
}
在收集所有Span后做出采样决策 - 可基于结果采样（例如保留所有错误链路）。
Alloy尾部采样配置：
alloy
otelcol.processor.tail_sampling "default" {
  decision_wait            = "10s"
  num_traces               = 100000
  expected_new_traces_per_sec = 10

  policy {
    name = "keep-errors"
    type = "status_code"
    status_code {
      status_codes = ["ERROR"]
    }
  }

  policy {
    name = "probabilistic-sample"
    type = "probabilistic"
    probabilistic {
      sampling_percentage = 10
    }
  }

  output {
    traces = [otelcol.exporter.otlphttp.grafana_cloud.input]
  }
}

Key Environment Variables Reference

关键环境变量参考

VariableDescriptionExample
OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_ENDPOINT
OTLP receiver URL
https://otlp-gateway-prod-us-east-0.grafana.net/otlp
OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_PROTOCOL
Transport protocol
grpc
or 
http/protobuf
OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_HEADERS
Auth headers
Authorization=Basic <base64>
OTEL_RESOURCE_ATTRIBUTES
Service metadata
service.name=myapp,service.namespace=team,deployment.environment=prod
OTEL_TRACES_EXPORTER
Trace exporter type
otlp
OTEL_METRICS_EXPORTER
Metrics exporter type
otlp
OTEL_LOGS_EXPORTER
Logs exporter type
otlp
OTEL_SERVICE_NAME
Service name (shorthand)
myapp
OTEL_TRACES_SAMPLER
Sampler type
parentbased_traceidratio
OTEL_TRACES_SAMPLER_ARG
Sampler argument
0.1
(10%)
变量名描述示例
OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_ENDPOINT
OTLP接收器URL
https://otlp-gateway-prod-us-east-0.grafana.net/otlp
OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_PROTOCOL
传输协议
grpc
或 
http/protobuf
OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_HEADERS
认证头
Authorization=Basic <base64>
OTEL_RESOURCE_ATTRIBUTES
服务元数据
service.name=myapp,service.namespace=team,deployment.environment=prod
OTEL_TRACES_EXPORTER
链路追踪导出器类型
otlp
OTEL_METRICS_EXPORTER
指标导出器类型
otlp
OTEL_LOGS_EXPORTER
日志导出器类型
otlp
OTEL_SERVICE_NAME
服务名称（简写）
myapp
OTEL_TRACES_SAMPLER
采样器类型
parentbased_traceidratio
OTEL_TRACES_SAMPLER_ARG
采样器参数
0.1
（10%）

Key Resource Attributes

关键资源属性

AttributePurposeExample
service.name
Service identifier
shoppingcart
service.namespace
Groups related services
ecommerce
deployment.environment
Environment tier
production
, 
staging
service.version
App version
1.2.3
属性用途示例
service.name
服务标识
shoppingcart
service.namespace
关联相关服务
ecommerce
deployment.environment
环境层级
production
, 
staging
service.version
应用版本
1.2.3

Useful Links

实用链接