laravel-migrations

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Laravel Migrations

Laravel 数据库迁移

Agent Workflow (MANDATORY)

Agent 工作流（强制要求）

Before ANY implementation, use

TeamCreate

to spawn 3 agents:

fuse-ai-pilot:explore-codebase - Check existing migrations
fuse-ai-pilot:research-expert - Verify Laravel 12 patterns via Context7
mcp__context7__query-docs - Check specific Schema Builder features

After implementation, run fuse-ai-pilot:sniper for validation.

在进行任何实现之前，使用

TeamCreate

生成3个Agent：

fuse-ai-pilot:explore-codebase - 检查现有迁移文件
fuse-ai-pilot:research-expert - 通过Context7验证Laravel 12的开发模式
mcp__context7__query-docs - 查阅Schema Builder的特定功能

完成实现后，运行fuse-ai-pilot:sniper进行验证。

Overview

概述

Feature	Description
Schema Builder	Create, modify, drop tables
Columns	50+ column types with modifiers
Indexes	Primary, unique, fulltext, spatial
Foreign Keys	Constraints with cascade options
Seeders	Populate tables with data

功能	说明
Schema Builder	创建、修改、删除表
列	50+种列类型及修饰符
索引	主键、唯一、全文、空间索引
外键	包含级联选项的约束
数据填充器	为表填充测试或初始数据

Critical Rules

关键规则

Always define down() - Reversible migrations
Use foreignId()->constrained() - Not raw unsignedBigInteger
Add indexes on foreign keys - Performance critical
Test rollback before deploy - Validate down() works
Never modify deployed migrations - Create new ones

必须定义down()方法 - 支持可逆迁移
使用foreignId()->constrained() - 不要使用原生unsignedBigInteger
为外键添加索引 - 对性能至关重要
部署前测试回滚 - 验证down()方法可用
切勿修改已部署的迁移文件 - 应创建新的迁移文件

Decision Guide

决策指南

Migration Type

迁移类型

Need schema change?
├── New table → make:migration create_X_table
├── Add column → make:migration add_X_to_Y_table
├── Modify column → make:migration modify_X_in_Y_table
├── Add index → make:migration add_index_to_Y_table
└── Seed data → make:seeder XSeeder

需要修改架构？
├── 新建表 → make:migration create_X_table
├── 添加列 → make:migration add_X_to_Y_table
├── 修改列 → make:migration modify_X_in_Y_table
├── 添加索引 → make:migration add_index_to_Y_table
└── 填充数据 → make:seeder XSeeder

Column Type Selection

列类型选择

Use Case	Type	Example
Primary Key	`id()`	Auto-increment BIGINT
Foreign Key	`foreignId()->constrained()`	References parent
UUID Primary	`uuid()->primary()`	UUIDs
Boolean	`boolean()`	is_active
Enum	`enum('status', [...])`	order_status
JSON	`json()`	preferences
Money	`decimal('price', 10, 2)`	99999999.99
Timestamps	`timestamps()`	created_at, updated_at
Soft Delete	`softDeletes()`	deleted_at

使用场景	类型	示例
主键	`id()`	自增BIGINT
外键	`foreignId()->constrained()`	关联父表
UUID主键	`uuid()->primary()`	UUID标识符
布尔值	`boolean()`	is_active
枚举	`enum('status', [...])`	order_status
JSON类型	`json()`	preferences
金额	`decimal('price', 10, 2)`	99999999.99
时间戳	`timestamps()`	created_at, updated_at
软删除	`softDeletes()`	deleted_at

Foreign Key Cascade

外键级联选项

Scenario	onDelete	Use Case
Strict integrity	`restrictOnDelete()`	Financial records
Auto-cleanup	`cascadeOnDelete()`	Post → Comments
Preserve with null	`nullOnDelete()`	Optional relations
No action	`noActionOnDelete()`	Audit logs

场景	onDelete 选项	适用案例
严格数据完整性	`restrictOnDelete()`	财务记录
自动清理关联数据	`cascadeOnDelete()`	文章 → 评论
保留数据并设为null	`nullOnDelete()`	可选关联关系
无操作	`noActionOnDelete()`	审计日志

Reference Guide

参考指南

Core Concepts

核心概念

Topic	Reference	When to Consult
Schema	schema.md	Table operations
Columns	columns.md	Column types
Indexes	indexes.md	Performance indexes
Foreign Keys	foreign-keys.md	Constraints
Commands	commands.md	Artisan commands
Seeding	seeding.md	Populate data

主题	参考文档	查阅场景
Schema	schema.md	表操作相关
列	columns.md	列类型选择
索引	indexes.md	性能优化索引
外键	foreign-keys.md	约束配置
命令	commands.md	Artisan命令使用
数据填充	seeding.md	数据填充操作

Advanced Topics

进阶主题

Topic	Reference	When to Consult
Testing	testing.md	Test migrations
Production	production.md	Deploy safely
Troubleshooting	troubleshooting.md	Fix errors

主题	参考文档	查阅场景
测试	testing.md	迁移测试
生产环境	production.md	安全部署
故障排查	troubleshooting.md	错误修复

Templates

模板

Template	When to Use
CreateTableMigration.php.md	New table
ModifyTableMigration.php.md	Alter table
PivotTableMigration.php.md	Many-to-many
Seeder.php.md	Seed patterns
MigrationTest.php.md	Test migrations

模板	使用场景
CreateTableMigration.php.md	新建表
ModifyTableMigration.php.md	修改表
PivotTableMigration.php.md	多对多关联表
Seeder.php.md	数据填充器模板
MigrationTest.php.md	迁移测试模板

Quick Reference

快速参考

Create Table

创建表

php

Schema::create('posts', function (Blueprint $table) {
    $table->id();
    $table->foreignId('user_id')->constrained()->cascadeOnDelete();
    $table->string('title');
    $table->text('content');
    $table->enum('status', ['draft', 'published'])->default('draft');
    $table->timestamps();
    $table->softDeletes();

    $table->index(['user_id', 'status']);
});

php

Schema::create('posts', function (Blueprint $table) {
    $table->id();
    $table->foreignId('user_id')->constrained()->cascadeOnDelete();
    $table->string('title');
    $table->text('content');
    $table->enum('status', ['draft', 'published'])->default('draft');
    $table->timestamps();
    $table->softDeletes();

    $table->index(['user_id', 'status']);
});

Modify Table

修改表

php

Schema::table('posts', function (Blueprint $table) {
    $table->string('slug')->after('title')->unique();
    $table->boolean('featured')->default(false);
});

php

Schema::table('posts', function (Blueprint $table) {
    $table->string('slug')->after('title')->unique();
    $table->boolean('featured')->default(false);
});

Commands

命令

bash

php artisan make:migration create_posts_table
php artisan migrate
php artisan migrate:rollback --step=1
php artisan migrate:fresh --seed