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When to Use

适用场景

Use this skill when:
  • Writing Go unit tests
  • Testing Bubbletea TUI components
  • Creating table-driven tests
  • Adding integration tests
  • Using golden file testing
在以下场景使用该技能：
  • 编写Go单元测试
  • 测试Bubbletea TUI组件
  • 创建表格驱动测试
  • 添加集成测试
  • 使用黄金文件测试

Critical Patterns

核心测试模式

Pattern 1: Table-Driven Tests

模式一：表格驱动测试

Standard Go pattern for multiple test cases:
go
func TestSomething(t *testing.T) {
    tests := []struct {
        name     string
        input    string
        expected string
        wantErr  bool
    }{
        {
            name:     "valid input",
            input:    "hello",
            expected: "HELLO",
            wantErr:  false,
        },
        {
            name:     "empty input",
            input:    "",
            expected: "",
            wantErr:  true,
        },
    }

    for _, tt := range tests {
        t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
            result, err := ProcessInput(tt.input)

            if (err != nil) != tt.wantErr {
                t.Errorf("error = %v, wantErr %v", err, tt.wantErr)
                return
            }

            if result != tt.expected {
                t.Errorf("got %q, want %q", result, tt.expected)
            }
        })
    }
}
适用于多测试用例的标准Go模式：
go
func TestSomething(t *testing.T) {
    tests := []struct {
        name     string
        input    string
        expected string
        wantErr  bool
    }{
        {
            name:     "valid input",
            input:    "hello",
            expected: "HELLO",
            wantErr:  false,
        },
        {
            name:     "empty input",
            input:    "",
            expected: "",
            wantErr:  true,
        },
    }

    for _, tt := range tests {
        t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
            result, err := ProcessInput(tt.input)

            if (err != nil) != tt.wantErr {
                t.Errorf("error = %v, wantErr %v", err, tt.wantErr)
                return
            }

            if result != tt.expected {
                t.Errorf("got %q, want %q", result, tt.expected)
            }
        })
    }
}

Pattern 2: Bubbletea Model Testing

模式二：Bubbletea Model测试

Test Model state transitions directly:
go
func TestModelUpdate(t *testing.T) {
    m := NewModel()

    // Simulate key press
    newModel, _ := m.Update(tea.KeyMsg{Type: tea.KeyEnter})
    m = newModel.(Model)

    if m.Screen != ScreenMainMenu {
        t.Errorf("expected ScreenMainMenu, got %v", m.Screen)
    }
}
直接测试Model状态转换：
go
func TestModelUpdate(t *testing.T) {
    m := NewModel()

    // 模拟按键
    newModel, _ := m.Update(tea.KeyMsg{Type: tea.KeyEnter})
    m = newModel.(Model)

    if m.Screen != ScreenMainMenu {
        t.Errorf("expected ScreenMainMenu, got %v", m.Screen)
    }
}

Pattern 3: Teatest Integration Tests

模式三：Teatest集成测试

Use Charmbracelet's teatest for TUI testing:
go
func TestInteractiveFlow(t *testing.T) {
    m := NewModel()
    tm := teatest.NewTestModel(t, m)

    // Send keys
    tm.Send(tea.KeyMsg{Type: tea.KeyEnter})
    tm.Send(tea.KeyMsg{Type: tea.KeyDown})
    tm.Send(tea.KeyMsg{Type: tea.KeyEnter})

    // Wait for model to update
    tm.WaitFinished(t, teatest.WithDuration(time.Second))

    // Get final model
    finalModel := tm.FinalModel(t).(Model)

    if finalModel.Screen != ExpectedScreen {
        t.Errorf("wrong screen: got %v", finalModel.Screen)
    }
}
使用Charmbracelet的teatest进行TUI测试：
go
func TestInteractiveFlow(t *testing.T) {
    m := NewModel()
    tm := teatest.NewTestModel(t, m)

    // 发送按键
    tm.Send(tea.KeyMsg{Type: tea.KeyEnter})
    tm.Send(tea.KeyMsg{Type: tea.KeyDown})
    tm.Send(tea.KeyMsg{Type: tea.KeyEnter})

    // 等待Model更新
    tm.WaitFinished(t, teatest.WithDuration(time.Second))

    // 获取最终Model
    finalModel := tm.FinalModel(t).(Model)

    if finalModel.Screen != ExpectedScreen {
        t.Errorf("wrong screen: got %v", finalModel.Screen)
    }
}

Pattern 4: Golden File Testing

模式四：黄金文件测试

Compare output against saved "golden" files:
go
func TestOSSelectGolden(t *testing.T) {
    m := NewModel()
    m.Screen = ScreenOSSelect
    m.Width = 80
    m.Height = 24

    output := m.View()

    golden := filepath.Join("testdata", "TestOSSelectGolden.golden")

    if *update {
        os.WriteFile(golden, []byte(output), 0644)
    }

    expected, _ := os.ReadFile(golden)
    if output != string(expected) {
        t.Errorf("output doesn't match golden file")
    }
}
将输出与已保存的「黄金文件」对比：
go
func TestOSSelectGolden(t *testing.T) {
    m := NewModel()
    m.Screen = ScreenOSSelect
    m.Width = 80
    m.Height = 24

    output := m.View()

    golden := filepath.Join("testdata", "TestOSSelectGolden.golden")

    if *update {
        os.WriteFile(golden, []byte(output), 0644)
    }

    expected, _ := os.ReadFile(golden)
    if output != string(expected) {
        t.Errorf("output doesn't match golden file")
    }
}

Decision Tree

决策树

Testing a function?
├── Pure function? → Table-driven test
├── Has side effects? → Mock dependencies
├── Returns error? → Test both success and error cases
└── Complex logic? → Break into smaller testable units

Testing TUI component?
├── State change? → Test Model.Update() directly
├── Full flow? → Use teatest.NewTestModel()
├── Visual output? → Use golden file testing
└── Key handling? → Send tea.KeyMsg

Testing system/exec?
├── Mock os/exec? → Use interface + mock
├── Real commands? → Integration test with --short skip
└── File operations? → Use t.TempDir()
测试函数？
├── 纯函数？ → 表格驱动测试
├── 有副作用？ → 模拟依赖
├── 返回错误？ → 测试成功与错误两种情况
└── 逻辑复杂？ → 拆分为更小的可测试单元

测试TUI组件？
├── 状态变化？ → 直接测试Model.Update()
├── 完整流程？ → 使用teatest.NewTestModel()
├── 视觉输出？ → 使用黄金文件测试
└── 按键处理？ → 发送tea.KeyMsg

测试系统/exec？
├── 模拟os/exec？ → 使用接口+模拟
├── 真实命令？ → 集成测试，通过--short跳过
└── 文件操作？ → 使用t.TempDir()

Code Examples

代码示例

Example 1: Testing Key Navigation

示例一：测试按键导航

go
func TestCursorNavigation(t *testing.T) {
    tests := []struct {
        name       string
        startPos   int
        key        string
        endPos     int
        numOptions int
    }{
        {"down from 0", 0, "j", 1, 5},
        {"up from 1", 1, "k", 0, 5},
        {"down at bottom", 4, "j", 4, 5}, // stays at bottom
        {"up at top", 0, "k", 0, 5},       // stays at top
    }

    for _, tt := range tests {
        t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
            m := NewModel()
            m.Cursor = tt.startPos
            // Set up options...

            newModel, _ := m.Update(tea.KeyMsg{
                Type:  tea.KeyRunes,
                Runes: []rune(tt.key),
            })
            m = newModel.(Model)

            if m.Cursor != tt.endPos {
                t.Errorf("cursor = %d, want %d", m.Cursor, tt.endPos)
            }
        })
    }
}
go
func TestCursorNavigation(t *testing.T) {
    tests := []struct {
        name       string
        startPos   int
        key        string
        endPos     int
        numOptions int
    }{
        {"down from 0", 0, "j", 1, 5},
        {"up from 1", 1, "k", 0, 5},
        {"down at bottom", 4, "j", 4, 5}, // 停在底部
        {"up at top", 0, "k", 0, 5},       // 停在顶部
    }

    for _, tt := range tests {
        t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
            m := NewModel()
            m.Cursor = tt.startPos
            // 设置选项...

            newModel, _ := m.Update(tea.KeyMsg{
                Type:  tea.KeyRunes,
                Runes: []rune(tt.key),
            })
            m = newModel.(Model)

            if m.Cursor != tt.endPos {
                t.Errorf("cursor = %d, want %d", m.Cursor, tt.endPos)
            }
        })
    }
}

Example 2: Testing Screen Transitions

示例二：测试页面切换

go
func TestScreenTransitions(t *testing.T) {
    tests := []struct {
        name         string
        startScreen  Screen
        action       tea.Msg
        expectScreen Screen
    }{
        {
            name:         "welcome to main menu",
            startScreen:  ScreenWelcome,
            action:       tea.KeyMsg{Type: tea.KeyEnter},
            expectScreen: ScreenMainMenu,
        },
        {
            name:         "escape from OS select",
            startScreen:  ScreenOSSelect,
            action:       tea.KeyMsg{Type: tea.KeyEsc},
            expectScreen: ScreenMainMenu,
        },
    }

    for _, tt := range tests {
        t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
            m := NewModel()
            m.Screen = tt.startScreen

            newModel, _ := m.Update(tt.action)
            m = newModel.(Model)

            if m.Screen != tt.expectScreen {
                t.Errorf("screen = %v, want %v", m.Screen, tt.expectScreen)
            }
        })
    }
}
go
func TestScreenTransitions(t *testing.T) {
    tests := []struct {
        name         string
        startScreen  Screen
        action       tea.Msg
        expectScreen Screen
    }{
        {
            name:         "welcome to main menu",
            startScreen:  ScreenWelcome,
            action:       tea.KeyMsg{Type: tea.KeyEnter},
            expectScreen: ScreenMainMenu,
        },
        {
            name:         "escape from OS select",
            startScreen:  ScreenOSSelect,
            action:       tea.KeyMsg{Type: tea.KeyEsc},
            expectScreen: ScreenMainMenu,
        },
    }

    for _, tt := range tests {
        t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
            m := NewModel()
            m.Screen = tt.startScreen

            newModel, _ := m.Update(tt.action)
            m = newModel.(Model)

            if m.Screen != tt.expectScreen {
                t.Errorf("screen = %v, want %v", m.Screen, tt.expectScreen)
            }
        })
    }
}

Example 3: Testing Trainer Exercises

示例三：测试训练器练习

go
func TestExerciseValidation(t *testing.T) {
    exercise := &Exercise{
        Solutions: []string{"w", "W", "e"},
        Optimal:   "w",
    }

    tests := []struct {
        input   string
        valid   bool
        optimal bool
    }{
        {"w", true, true},
        {"W", true, false},
        {"e", true, false},
        {"x", false, false},
    }

    for _, tt := range tests {
        t.Run(tt.input, func(t *testing.T) {
            valid := ValidateAnswer(exercise, tt.input)
            optimal := IsOptimalAnswer(exercise, tt.input)

            if valid != tt.valid {
                t.Errorf("valid = %v, want %v", valid, tt.valid)
            }
            if optimal != tt.optimal {
                t.Errorf("optimal = %v, want %v", optimal, tt.optimal)
            }
        })
    }
}
go
func TestExerciseValidation(t *testing.T) {
    exercise := &Exercise{
        Solutions: []string{"w", "W", "e"},
        Optimal:   "w",
    }

    tests := []struct {
        input   string
        valid   bool
        optimal bool
    }{
        {"w", true, true},
        {"W", true, false},
        {"e", true, false},
        {"x", false, false},
    }

    for _, tt := range tests {
        t.Run(tt.input, func(t *testing.T) {
            valid := ValidateAnswer(exercise, tt.input)
            optimal := IsOptimalAnswer(exercise, tt.input)

            if valid != tt.valid {
                t.Errorf("valid = %v, want %v", valid, tt.valid)
            }
            if optimal != tt.optimal {
                t.Errorf("optimal = %v, want %v", optimal, tt.optimal)
            }
        })
    }
}

Example 4: Mocking System Info

示例四：模拟系统信息

go
func TestWithMockedSystem(t *testing.T) {
    m := NewModel()

    // Mock system info for testing
    m.SystemInfo = &system.SystemInfo{
        OS:       system.OSMac,
        IsARM:    true,
        HasBrew:  true,
        HomeDir:  t.TempDir(),
    }

    // Now test with controlled environment
    m.SetupInstallSteps()

    // Verify expected steps
    hasHomebrew := false
    for _, step := range m.Steps {
        if step.ID == "homebrew" {
            hasHomebrew = true
        }
    }

    if hasHomebrew {
        t.Error("should not have homebrew step when HasBrew=true")
    }
}
go
func TestWithMockedSystem(t *testing.T) {
    m := NewModel()

    // 模拟系统信息用于测试
    m.SystemInfo = &system.SystemInfo{
        OS:       system.OSMac,
        IsARM:    true,
        HasBrew:  true,
        HomeDir:  t.TempDir(),
    }

    // 在受控环境中测试
    m.SetupInstallSteps()

    // 验证预期步骤
    hasHomebrew := false
    for _, step := range m.Steps {
        if step.ID == "homebrew" {
            hasHomebrew = true
        }
    }

    if hasHomebrew {
        t.Error("should not have homebrew step when HasBrew=true")
    }
}

Test File Organization

测试文件组织结构

installer/internal/tui/
├── model.go
├── model_test.go           # Model tests
├── update.go
├── update_test.go          # Update handler tests
├── view.go
├── view_test.go            # View rendering tests
├── teatest_test.go         # Teatest integration tests
├── comprehensive_test.go   # Full flow tests
├── testdata/
│   ├── TestOSSelectGolden.golden
│   └── TestViewGolden.golden
└── trainer/
    ├── types.go
    ├── types_test.go
    ├── exercises.go
    ├── exercises_test.go
    └── simulator_test.go
installer/internal/tui/
├── model.go
├── model_test.go           # Model测试
├── update.go
├── update_test.go          # 更新处理器测试
├── view.go
├── view_test.go            # 视图渲染测试
├── teatest_test.go         # Teatest集成测试
├── comprehensive_test.go   # 全流程测试
├── testdata/
│   ├── TestOSSelectGolden.golden
│   └── TestViewGolden.golden
└── trainer/
    ├── types.go
    ├── types_test.go
    ├── exercises.go
    ├── exercises_test.go
    └── simulator_test.go

Commands

常用命令

bash
go test ./...                           # Run all tests
go test -v ./internal/tui/...          # Verbose TUI tests
go test -run TestNavigation             # Run specific test
go test -cover ./...                    # With coverage
go test -update ./...                   # Update golden files
go test -short ./...                    # Skip integration tests
bash
go test ./...                           # 运行所有测试
go test -v ./internal/tui/...          # 详细输出TUI测试
go test -run TestNavigation             # 运行指定测试
go test -cover ./...                    # 生成测试覆盖率报告
go test -update ./...                   # 更新黄金文件
go test -short ./...                    # 跳过集成测试

Resources

参考资源