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Paper Writing

论文写作

A systematic 11-step workflow for writing academic papers, with section-specific templates and battle-tested writing principles.
本文提供一套系统化的11步学术论文写作工作流，包含各章节专属模板和经实践验证的写作原则。

When to Use This Skill

适用场景

  • User asks to write or draft a paper or paper section
  • User needs LaTeX templates for Abstract, Introduction, Method, Experiments, etc.
  • User wants to improve academic writing quality
  • User mentions "paper writing", "write introduction", "draft method section", etc.
  • 用户要求撰写或草拟论文及论文章节
  • 用户需要摘要、引言、方法、实验等部分的LaTeX模板
  • 用户希望提升学术写作质量
  • 用户提及“论文写作”“撰写引言”“草拟方法章节”等内容

Artifact Sources

前置工件来源

If you used upstream EvoSkills, pull these artifacts before writing:
Source SkillArtifactUsed In
paper-planning
Story summary (task → challenge → insight → contribution → advantage)Steps 1-2 (Introduction writing plan)
paper-planning
Module Motivation Mapping tableStep 3 (Method subsections)
paper-planning
Experiment plan (comparisons + ablations + demos)Step 5 (Experiments section)
paper-planning
Pipeline figure sketchSteps 1, 6 (Method overview figure)
paper-planning
Claim-to-experiment mappingSteps 2, 5 (Abstract, Introduction, Experiments)
paper-planning
Fallback narrative (if planned)Steps 7-8 (Introduction / Conclusion pivot)
experiment-pipeline
Stage 1-4 results, ablation tables, trajectory logsStep 5 (write experiments)
experiment-craft
Failure analysis, implementation tricksStep 3 (Method section), Step 9 (limitations)
如果您使用了上游EvoSkills，请在写作前获取以下工件：
来源技能工件使用场景
paper-planning
故事摘要（任务→挑战→见解→贡献→优势）步骤1-2（引言写作规划）
paper-planning
模块动机映射表步骤3（方法子章节）
paper-planning
实验规划（对比实验+消融实验+演示）步骤5（实验章节）
paper-planning
Pipeline示意图草稿步骤1、6（方法总览图）
paper-planning
论点-实验映射表步骤2、5（摘要、引言、实验章节）
paper-planning
备用叙事结构（若已规划）步骤7-8（引言/结论调整）
experiment-pipeline
阶段1-4实验结果、消融实验表格、轨迹日志步骤5（撰写实验章节）
experiment-craft
失败分析、实现技巧步骤3（方法章节）、步骤9（局限性部分）

The 11-Step Writing Process

11步写作流程

Follow these steps in order. Each step builds on the previous one.
  1. Draw a pipeline figure sketch — Sketch the method's pipeline figure to clarify the overall approach. The figure highlights novelty, not just explanation.
  2. Design the story and plan experiments — Outline the paper's story (core contribution, module motivations). List comparison experiments and ablation studies. Draft an Introduction writing plan.
  3. Write Method — Organize the Method writing plan, then draft Method. Run experiments in parallel.
  4. Revise Introduction and Method — Iterate on both sections while experiments continue.
  5. Write Experiments — Once experiments are mostly done, organize the Experiments writing plan, then draft.
  6. Polish figures — Finalize the pipeline figure. Create the teaser figure.
  7. Write Related Work — List related papers, group into topics, write paragraphs.
  8. Review the paper — Self-review Introduction, Method, and Experiments. Use the 
    paper-review
    skill.
  9. Write Abstract — Organize the Abstract writing plan, then draft.
  10. Choose the title — List important keywords, then compose an informative title.
  11. Iterate — Repeatedly review and revise the entire paper.
请按顺序执行以下步骤，每一步均基于前一步的成果展开。
  1. 绘制Pipeline示意图草稿 —— 绘制方法的Pipeline示意图，明确整体研究思路。示意图需突出创新性，而非仅做说明。
  2. 设计叙事结构与实验规划 —— 概述论文的叙事逻辑（核心贡献、模块动机）。列出对比实验和消融实验，草拟引言写作规划。
  3. 撰写方法章节 —— 梳理方法章节写作框架，然后草拟内容。可同步开展实验。
  4. 修订引言与方法章节 —— 在实验进行期间，反复迭代优化这两个章节。
  5. 撰写实验章节 —— 待实验基本完成后，梳理实验章节写作框架，然后草拟内容。
  6. 优化图表 —— 最终确定Pipeline示意图，制作Teaser图。
  7. 撰写相关工作章节 —— 列出相关论文，按主题分组，撰写段落内容。
  8. 论文自审 —— 对引言、方法和实验章节进行自我评审，可使用
    paper-review
    工具。
  9. 撰写摘要 —— 梳理摘要写作框架，然后草拟内容。
  10. 确定标题 —— 列出核心关键词，然后撰写兼具信息量的标题。
  11. 迭代优化 —— 反复评审和修订整篇论文。

Counterintuitive Writing Rules

反直觉写作规则

Apply these rules when aiming for higher acceptance probability:
  1. Underclaim in prose, overdeliver in evidence: Reduce adjective intensity in Abstract/Introduction; let tables and figures carry the strength.
  2. State one meaningful limitation early: A controlled limitation statement increases credibility and lowers reviewer suspicion.
  3. Lead with mechanism, not only metric: Explain why the method works before listing numbers; reviewers trust causal logic more than isolated gains.
  4. Prefer one decisive figure over many average figures: Build one "cannot-ignore" figure that validates the central claim under hard conditions.
  5. Remove weak but flashy claims: Any claim without direct evidence should be deleted, even if it sounds impressive.
  6. Declare scope boundaries explicitly: One sentence in Introduction and Conclusion stating what your method targets reduces reviewer fear of hidden assumptions.
  7. Show one failure case: Include one representative failure with diagnosis — it signals competence, not weakness.
See references/counterintuitive-writing.md for all 7 tactics with before/after examples.
若想提升论文录用概率，请遵循以下规则：
  1. 文字适度保守，证据充分有力：在摘要/引言中降低形容词的强度；让表格和图表来体现研究成果的分量。
  2. 尽早明确一个有意义的局限性：清晰陈述一个可控的局限性，可提升可信度，降低审稿人的疑虑。
  3. 先讲机制，再列指标：先解释方法为何有效，再列出数据；审稿人更信任因果逻辑，而非孤立的性能提升。
  4. 用一张关键图表替代多张普通图表：制作一张“无法忽视”的图表，在严苛条件下验证核心论点。
  5. 删除无证据支撑的亮眼论点：任何没有直接证据的论点都应删除，即使听起来很吸引人。
  6. 明确界定研究范围：在引言和结论中各用一句话说明方法的适用场景，可减少审稿人对隐藏假设的担忧。
  7. 展示一个失败案例：包含一个有代表性的失败案例及诊断分析——这体现了研究的严谨性，而非缺陷。
查看references/counterintuitive-writing.md获取全部7种策略的前后对比示例。

Section Quick Reference

各章节速查指南

Abstract

摘要

Answer these questions before drafting:
  1. What technical problem do we solve, and why is there no well-established solution?
  2. What is our technical contribution?
  3. Why does our method fundamentally work?
  4. What is our technical advantage / new insight?
Three template versions: challenge-first, insight-bridge, multi-contribution. See references/abstract-templates.md
草拟前请先回答以下问题：
  1. 我们解决了什么技术问题？为什么目前没有成熟的解决方案？
  2. 我们的技术贡献是什么？
  3. 我们的方法为何从根本上有效？
  4. 我们的技术优势/新见解是什么？
提供三种模板版本：挑战优先型、见解衔接型、多贡献型。 查看references/abstract-templates.md

Introduction

引言

Thinking process (reverse then forward):
  • Reverse: (1) What is the technical problem? (2) What are our contributions? (3) Benefits and new insights? (4) How to lead into the challenge?
  • Forward: (1) Task → (2) Previous methods → challenge → (3) Our contributions → (4) Technical advantages and insights
Four ways to introduce the task, three ways to present challenges, four ways to describe the pipeline. See references/introduction-templates.md
Anti-pattern: Never write "here is a naive solution, then our improvement" — this makes the work appear incremental.
思考流程（逆向再正向）：
  • 逆向：(1) 技术问题是什么？(2) 我们的贡献是什么？(3) 优势和新见解是什么？(4) 如何自然引入挑战？
  • 正向：(1) 任务介绍 → (2) 现有方法→挑战 → (3) 我们的贡献 → (4) 技术优势和见解
提供四种任务引入方式、三种挑战呈现方式、四种Pipeline描述方式。 查看references/introduction-templates.md
反模式：切勿写“这里有一个朴素的解决方案，然后是我们的改进”——这会让研究显得只是增量式的。

Method

方法

Every pipeline module needs three elements:
  1. Module design — Data structure, network design, forward process (given X input, step 1..., step 2..., output Y)
  2. Motivation — Why this module exists (problem-driven: "A remaining challenge is...")
  3. Technical advantages — Why this module works well
Start with an Overview paragraph (setting + core contribution + section roadmap), then one subsection per module. See references/method-templates.md
每个Pipeline模块需包含三个要素：
  1. 模块设计 —— 数据结构、网络设计、前向流程（给定X输入，步骤1...，步骤2...，输出Y）
  2. 设计动机 —— 模块存在的原因（问题驱动：“当前仍存在的挑战是……”）
  3. 技术优势 —— 模块为何能有效工作
以概述段落开篇（背景+核心贡献+章节Roadmap），然后每个模块对应一个子章节。 查看references/method-templates.md

Experiments

实验

Three key questions to answer:
  1. How to prove our method is better → comparison experiments
  2. How to prove our modules are effective → ablation studies
  3. How to showcase the method's upper limit → demos on challenging data
Ablation studies need: one big table (core contributions) + several small tables (design choices, hyperparameters). See references/experiments-guide.md
需回答三个核心问题：
  1. 如何证明我们的方法更优 → 对比实验
  2. 如何证明我们的模块有效 → 消融实验
  3. 如何展示方法的上限 → 针对挑战性数据的演示
消融实验需包含：一张核心贡献大表 + 多张设计选择、超参数调整的小表。 查看references/experiments-guide.md

Related Work

相关工作

Three-step process:
  1. List papers closely related to our method (most important — missing key references can cause rejection)
  2. Determine topics based on research direction and algorithm techniques
  3. Organize writing plan based on listed papers
See references/related-work-guide.md
三步流程：
  1. 列出与我们方法密切相关的论文（最重要——遗漏关键参考文献可能导致拒稿）
  2. 按研究方向和算法技术划分主题
  3. 根据列出的论文梳理写作框架
查看references/related-work-guide.md

Conclusion

结论

  • Must include Limitation section (reviewers frequently cite "no limitation" as a weakness)
  • Limitation = task goal / setting limitations (like future work), NOT technical defects
  • Rule: "If our method does not fall below current SOTA metrics, it is not a technical defect"
  • 必须包含局限性章节（审稿人常以“未提及局限性”作为拒稿理由）
  • 局限性 = 任务目标/场景限制（类似未来工作），而非技术缺陷
  • 规则：“如果我们的方法性能不低于当前SOTA指标，则不属于技术缺陷”

Supplementary Material

补充材料

For page-limited venues, decide what goes in main paper vs. supplementary:
  • Core evidence for claims must stay in the main paper
  • Implementation details, extra ablations, full visual galleries go in supplementary
  • Reference supplementary at the point of need, not as a blanket statement
See references/supplementary-guide.md
对于有页数限制的会议，需确定内容放置在正文还是补充材料：
  • 论点的核心证据必须保留在正文中
  • 实现细节、额外消融实验、完整视觉素材库放在补充材料中
  • 在需要的位置引用补充材料，而非笼统提及
查看references/supplementary-guide.md

Core Writing Principles

核心写作原则

  1. One message per paragraph — Each paragraph conveys exactly one point
  2. Topic sentence first — The first sentence tells readers what this paragraph is about
  3. Plan before writing — Outline the writing plan, refine each part, then write English sentences
  4. Flow between sentences — Ensure logical continuity between consecutive sentences
  5. Terminology consistency — Use the same term throughout; do not alternate names
  6. Reverse-outlining — After writing, extract the outline from paragraphs; check if the flow is smooth
  7. Iterate relentlessly — Polish repeatedly, asking whether readers can follow
See references/writing-principles.md
  1. 每段一个核心信息 —— 每个段落仅传达一个要点
  2. 主题句前置 —— 第一句明确告知读者本段内容
  3. 先规划后写作 —— 梳理写作框架，细化各部分，再撰写英文句子
  4. 句间逻辑连贯 —— 确保连续句子间的逻辑衔接顺畅
  5. 术语保持一致 —— 全程使用同一术语，避免交替使用不同名称
  6. 逆向大纲法 —— 写作完成后，从段落中提取大纲，检查逻辑流畅度
  7. 反复迭代优化 —— 不断打磨，确保读者能轻松理解内容
查看references/writing-principles.md

Key Insight

关键见解

Visual polish directly influences review outcomes. See the 
paper-planning
skill's figure-design.md for the full visual quality guide.
视觉呈现质量直接影响评审结果。查看
paper-planning
技能中的figure-design.md获取完整的视觉质量指南。

Paper Title Guidelines

论文标题指南

  • The title attracts specific reviewers — choose keywords carefully
  • Before writing the title, list important keywords, then compose
  • Title must be informative: include the technique, task, or problem solved
  • Avoid generic titles; specific phrases are more memorable
  • 标题会吸引特定审稿人——谨慎选择关键词
  • 撰写标题前，先列出核心关键词，再组合成标题
  • 标题必须具备信息量：包含技术方法、任务或解决的问题
  • 避免通用标题；具体表述更易被记住

LaTeX Assets

LaTeX资源

  • assets/paper-skeleton.tex — Annotated LaTeX skeleton with section structure
  • assets/table-style.tex — Booktabs table macros with color highlighting
  • assets/paper-skeleton.tex —— 带章节结构的注释版LaTeX框架
  • assets/table-style.tex —— 带颜色高亮的Booktabs表格宏包

Handoff to Review

转至评审环节

Before invoking 
paper-review
, verify this checklist:
  • All sections (Abstract, Introduction, Method, Experiments, Related Work, Conclusion) drafted
  • Every claim in Abstract/Introduction anchored to a table or figure
  • Limitation section present in Conclusion
  • Pipeline figure and teaser figure finalized
  • All 
    \todo{}
    markers resolved or removed
调用
paper-review
前，请完成以下检查清单：
  • 所有章节（摘要、引言、方法、实验、相关工作、结论）已草拟完成
  • 摘要/引言中的每个论点均对应到表格或图表
  • 结论中包含局限性章节
  • Pipeline示意图和Teaser图已最终确定
  • 所有
    \todo{}
    标记已处理或删除

Section Navigation

章节导航

SectionReference FileWhen to Load
Abstractabstract-templates.mdStep 9: Writing abstract
Introductionintroduction-templates.mdStep 2: Story design
Methodmethod-templates.mdStep 3: Writing method
Experimentsexperiments-guide.mdStep 5: Writing experiments
Related Workrelated-work-guide.mdStep 7: Writing related work
Writing Principleswriting-principles.mdAny time during writing
Supplementarysupplementary-guide.mdDeciding main vs. supplementary content
Counterintuitive strategycounterintuitive-writing.mdImproving reviewer trust and novelty perception
Writing Practicewriting-practice.mdBuilding writing ability through deliberate practice
章节参考文件加载时机
摘要abstract-templates.md步骤9：撰写摘要
引言introduction-templates.md步骤2：叙事设计
方法method-templates.md步骤3：撰写方法章节
实验experiments-guide.md步骤5：撰写实验章节
相关工作related-work-guide.md步骤7：撰写相关工作章节
写作原则writing-principles.md写作过程中任意阶段
补充材料supplementary-guide.md确定正文与补充材料内容分配时
反直觉策略counterintuitive-writing.md提升审稿人信任度与创新性感知时
写作实践writing-practice.md通过刻意练习提升写作能力时