technical-writer
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ChineseTechnical Writer
技术文档工程师
Expert technical documentation specialist focusing on developer documentation, API references, system architecture docs, runbooks, and knowledge base articles.
专注于开发者文档、API参考手册、系统架构文档、运行手册和知识库文章的专业技术文档专家。
Quick Start
快速开始
- Identify doc type using Diátaxis: Tutorial, How-to, Explanation, or Reference
- Know your audience - what they know, what they need to accomplish
- Start with structure - outline before writing, use templates
- Include working examples - all code must be tested and runnable
- Add troubleshooting - anticipate common problems
- Validate completeness - links work, steps accurate, nothing assumed
- 使用Diátaxis框架确定文档类型:教程(Tutorial)、操作指南(How-to)、说明文档(Explanation)或参考手册(Reference)
- 了解目标受众 - 他们已掌握的知识、需要完成的任务
- 从结构入手 - 先列大纲再写作,使用模板
- 包含可运行示例 - 所有代码必须经过测试且可运行
- 添加故障排除内容 - 预判常见问题
- 验证内容完整性 - 链接可用、步骤准确、无默认假设
Core Capabilities
核心能力
| Doc Type | Purpose | Key Characteristics |
|---|---|---|
| Tutorials | Learning-oriented | Hands-on, step-by-step introduction |
| How-to Guides | Task-oriented | Solve specific problems |
| Explanations | Understanding-oriented | Background, context, concepts |
| References | Information-oriented | Accurate, complete, searchable |
| 文档类型 | 用途 | 核心特征 |
|---|---|---|
| 教程(Tutorials) | 以学习为导向 | 实操性、分步式入门 |
| 操作指南(How-to Guides) | 以任务为导向 | 解决特定问题 |
| 说明文档(Explanations) | 以理解为导向 | 背景信息、上下文、概念解析 |
| 参考手册(References) | 以信息查询为导向 | 准确、完整、可检索 |
Diátaxis Framework
Diátaxis框架
PRACTICAL THEORETICAL
┌──────────────────────┬──────────────────────┐
LEARNING│ TUTORIALS │ EXPLANATIONS │
│ "Learning by doing" │ "Understanding why" │
├──────────────────────┼──────────────────────┤
WORKING │ HOW-TO GUIDES │ REFERENCE │
│ "Solve problems" │ "Look up facts" │
└──────────────────────┴──────────────────────┘ PRACTICAL THEORETICAL
┌──────────────────────┬──────────────────────┐
LEARNING│ TUTORIALS │ EXPLANATIONS │
│ "Learning by doing" │ "Understanding why" │
├──────────────────────┼──────────────────────┤
WORKING │ HOW-TO GUIDES │ REFERENCE │
│ "Solve problems" │ "Look up facts" │
└──────────────────────┴──────────────────────┘Reference Templates
参考模板
Complete templates in :
./references/| Template | Use Case |
|---|---|
| Project README with all essential sections |
| Architecture Decision Records |
| REST API documentation |
| Operational procedures |
./references/| 模板 | 使用场景 |
|---|---|
| 包含所有必要章节的项目README |
| 架构决策记录(Architecture Decision Records) |
| REST API文档 |
| 操作流程手册 |
Anti-Patterns (10 Critical Mistakes)
反模式(10个关键错误)
1. Wall of Text
1. 文字墙
Symptom: Dense paragraphs, no headings or visual breaks
Fix: Headings, bullet points, tables, code blocks, whitespace
症状:段落密集,无标题或视觉分隔
解决方法:使用标题、项目符号、表格、代码块、留白
2. Outdated Examples
2. 示例过时
Symptom: Code samples that don't compile or use deprecated APIs
Fix: Test all examples in CI, version-lock dependencies, add "last verified" dates
症状:代码示例无法编译或使用已废弃的API
解决方法:在CI中测试所有示例,锁定依赖版本,添加“最后验证日期”
3. Missing Prerequisites
3. 缺少前置条件
Symptom: Tutorials assume knowledge/setup without stating it
Fix: List prerequisites upfront, link to setup guides, specify versions
症状:教程默认用户已掌握某些知识/完成某些设置但未说明
解决方法:提前列出前置条件,链接到设置指南,指定版本信息
4. Expert Blindness
4. 专家盲区
Symptom: Skipping "obvious" steps that aren't obvious to beginners
Fix: Have newcomers test docs, include all steps, explain the "why"
症状:跳过对新手而言并不“显而易见”的步骤
解决方法:让新手测试文档,包含所有步骤,解释“为什么要这么做”
5. No Error Guidance
5. 无错误指导
Symptom: Happy path only, no troubleshooting
Fix: Include common errors and solutions, link to support channels
症状:仅展示正常流程,无故障排除内容
解决方法:包含常见错误及解决方案,链接到支持渠道
6. Broken Links
6. 链接失效
Symptom: 404s to moved or deleted pages
Fix: Link checking in CI, relative links where possible, redirects for moved content
症状:指向已移动或删除页面的404错误
解决方法:在CI中检查链接,尽可能使用相对链接,对已移动内容设置重定向
7. Inconsistent Formatting
7. 格式不一致
Symptom: Different styles, code block languages, heading levels
Fix: Style guide, linting (markdownlint), templates for common doc types
症状:样式、代码块语言、标题层级不统一
解决方法:使用风格指南、语法检查工具(如markdownlint)、通用文档模板
8. Missing Context
8. 缺少上下文
Symptom: Docs assume reader knows system architecture
Fix: Brief context at top, link to architecture docs, explain "where this fits"
症状:文档默认读者了解系统架构
解决方法:在顶部添加简要上下文,链接到架构文档,说明“本文档的定位”
9. Stale Screenshots
9. 截图过时
Symptom: UI screenshots from 3 versions ago
Fix: Automate screenshot capture, note UI version, prefer text over images
症状:使用3个版本前的UI截图
解决方法:自动化截图捕获,标注UI版本,优先使用文字而非图片
10. No Versioning
10. 无版本控制
Symptom: Docs don't match user's installed version
Fix: Version selector, version badges, maintain docs per major version
症状:文档与用户安装的版本不匹配
解决方法:添加版本选择器、版本徽章,针对每个主要版本维护文档
Quality Checklist
质量检查清单
Structure:
- Follows Diátaxis framework (tutorial/how-to/explanation/reference)
- Appropriate for target audience level
- Consistent formatting and style
- Updated table of contents
Content:
- Code examples are tested and runnable
- All links work (no 404s)
- Version information where relevant
- Includes troubleshooting section
Completeness:
- Prerequisites listed upfront
- All steps included (no expert blindness)
- Error scenarios covered
- Related documentation linked
结构:
- 遵循Diátaxis框架(教程/操作指南/说明文档/参考手册)
- 符合目标受众的知识水平
- 格式和风格统一
- 目录已更新
内容:
- 代码示例经过测试且可运行
- 所有链接可用(无404错误)
- 包含相关版本信息
- 包含故障排除章节
完整性:
- 提前列出前置条件
- 包含所有步骤(无专家盲区)
- 覆盖错误场景
- 关联相关文档链接
Validation Script
验证脚本
Run to check:
./scripts/validate-docs.sh- README completeness
- Documentation structure
- ADR format compliance
- Broken links
- Common documentation issues
运行检查以下内容:
./scripts/validate-docs.sh- README完整性
- 文档结构
- ADR格式合规性
- 失效链接
- 常见文档问题
Documentation Tools
文档工具
Static Sites: Docusaurus, MkDocs, VitePress, Astro
API Docs: Swagger/Redoc, Stoplight, ReadMe.io
Diagrams: Mermaid, PlantUML, Excalidraw, Diagrams.net
静态站点:Docusaurus, MkDocs, VitePress, Astro
API文档:Swagger/Redoc, Stoplight, ReadMe.io
图表工具:Mermaid, PlantUML, Excalidraw, Diagrams.net