analyze-power-nets

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Chinese

Analyze Power Nets

分析电源网络

When this skill is invoked, perform a full AI-powered analysis of the PCB to identify power nets and recommend track widths.

调用此技能时，将对PCB进行全AI驱动的分析，以识别电源网络并推荐走线宽度。

Step 1: Load and Extract Components

步骤1：加载并提取元件

python

from analyze_power_paths import (
    analyze_pcb, get_components_needing_analysis, classify_component,
    trace_power_paths, get_power_net_recommendations, format_analysis_report,
    ComponentRole
)

components, pcb_data = analyze_pcb("path/to/file.kicad_pcb")
unknown = get_components_needing_analysis(components)

python

from analyze_power_paths import (
    analyze_pcb, get_components_needing_analysis, classify_component,
    trace_power_paths, get_power_net_recommendations, format_analysis_report,
    ComponentRole
)

components, pcb_data = analyze_pcb("path/to/file.kicad_pcb")
unknown = get_components_needing_analysis(components)

Step 2: Auto-Classify Obvious Components

步骤2：自动分类明显元件

These are already handled automatically - no AI needed:

Prefix	Role	Reason
R (resistor)	SHUNT	Pull-ups, voltage dividers
C (capacitor)	SHUNT	Decoupling caps
L (inductor)	PASS_THROUGH	Series filter element
FB (ferrite bead)	PASS_THROUGH	Series filter element
F (fuse)	PASS_THROUGH	Series protection
LED	CURRENT_SINK	Consumes current
SW (switch)	PASS_THROUGH	Power switching

这些元件会自动处理，无需AI参与：

前缀	角色	原因
R（电阻）	SHUNT	上拉电阻、分压器
C（电容）	SHUNT	去耦电容
L（电感）	PASS_THROUGH	串联滤波元件
FB（磁珠）	PASS_THROUGH	串联滤波元件
F（保险丝）	PASS_THROUGH	串联保护元件
LED	CURRENT_SINK	消耗电流
SW（开关）	PASS_THROUGH	电源开关

Step 3: AI Analysis for Unknown Components

步骤3：未知元件的AI分析

For each component in the

unknown

list, you MUST:

对于

unknown

列表中的每个元件，你必须：

3a. Identify What It Is

3a. 识别元件类型

Use WebSearch to look up the component:

WebSearch: "<part_value> <footprint_hint> datasheet"

Examples:

```
"DB9 connector pinout"
```
- Is it signal or power?
```
"1N4004 diode datasheet"
```
- Rectifier vs signal diode
```
"3906 transistor datasheet"
```
- Power switch or signal amp?
```
"LT1129 regulator datasheet"
```
- Voltage regulator specs
```
"MCF5213 power consumption"
```
- IC current requirements

使用WebSearch查询元件：

WebSearch: "<元件值> <封装提示> datasheet"

示例：

```
"DB9 connector pinout"
```
- 是信号连接器还是电源连接器？
```
"1N4004 diode datasheet"
```
- 整流二极管还是信号二极管？
```
"3906 transistor datasheet"
```
- 电源开关还是信号放大器？
```
"LT1129 regulator datasheet"
```
- 稳压器规格参数
```
"MCF5213 power consumption"
```
- IC电流需求

3b. Determine Its Role

3b. 确定元件角色

Based on the datasheet/search results, classify as:

Role	Criteria
POWER_SOURCE	Supplies current to the board: power jacks, battery connectors, regulator outputs, USB power inputs
CURRENT_SINK	Consumes significant current: ICs, MCUs, CPLDs, FPGAs, motor drivers, high-power LEDs
PASS_THROUGH	Current flows through it: power switches, transistors used as switches, protection diodes in series
SHUNT	Branches off the power path: ESD protection diodes, TVS diodes, signal connectors

根据datasheet/搜索结果，将元件分类为：

角色	判断标准
POWER_SOURCE	为电路板供电：电源插孔、电池连接器、稳压器输出、USB电源输入
CURRENT_SINK	消耗大量电流：IC、MCU、CPLD、FPGA、电机驱动器、大功率LED
PASS_THROUGH	电流流经该元件：电源开关、用作开关的晶体管、电源路径中的串联保护二极管
SHUNT	从电源路径分支：ESD保护二极管、TVS二极管、信号连接器

3c. Estimate Current Rating

3c. 估算电流额定值

From the datasheet, find:

For ICs: Total supply current (ICC, IDD)
For regulators: Maximum output current
For connectors: Expected load current

从datasheet中查找：

对于IC：总电源电流（ICC、IDD）
对于稳压器：最大输出电流
对于连接器：预期负载电流

3d. Apply Classification

3d. 应用分类

python

classify_component(components, 'J201', ComponentRole.POWER_SOURCE,
                   current_rating_ma=1000,
                   notes="DC barrel jack - main power input")

python

classify_component(components, 'J201', ComponentRole.POWER_SOURCE,
                   current_rating_ma=1000,
                   notes="DC barrel jack - main power input")

Step 4: Key Components to Analyze

步骤4：重点分析的元件类型

Focus AI analysis on these component types:

将AI分析集中在以下元件类型：

Power Input Connectors (J, P, TB, CN)

电源输入连接器（J, P, TB, CN）

Question: Is this a power input or signal connector?
Look for: Connection to power nets, barrel jack footprints, terminal blocks
Classify as: POWER_SOURCE if it brings power onto the board

问题：这是电源输入连接器还是信号连接器？
查找要点：与电源网络的连接、桶形插孔封装、接线端子
分类为：如果是向电路板供电，则为POWER_SOURCE

Diodes (D* followed by digit)

二极管（D*后跟数字）

Question: Protection diode, rectifier, or LED?
Look for: Part number (1N4004 = rectifier, BAT54 = Schottky, LED = LED)
Classify as:
- SHUNT if reverse protection (cathode to power, anode to GND)
- PASS_THROUGH if series rectifier in power path
- CURRENT_SINK if LED

问题：保护二极管、整流二极管还是LED？
查找要点：元件型号（1N4004=整流二极管，BAT54=肖特基二极管，LED=发光二极管）
分类为：
- 若为反向保护（阴极接电源，阳极接地）则为SHUNT
- 若为电源路径中的串联整流二极管则为PASS_THROUGH
- 若为LED则为CURRENT_SINK

Transistors (Q*)

晶体管（Q*）

Question: Power switch or signal amplifier?
Look for: Connections to power nets, gate/base drive signals
Classify as: PASS_THROUGH if switching power, SHUNT if signal

问题：电源开关还是信号放大器？
查找要点：与电源网络的连接、栅极/基极驱动信号
分类为：若用于开关电源则为PASS_THROUGH，若用于信号则为SHUNT

ICs (U*)

IC（U*）

Question: How much current does it consume?
Look for: ICC/IDD in datasheet, number of I/O pins
Classify as: CURRENT_SINK with appropriate current rating
Note: Regulators are auto-detected by power_out pins

问题：它消耗多少电流？
查找要点：datasheet中的ICC/IDD参数、I/O引脚数量
分类为：带有相应电流额定值的CURRENT_SINK
注意：稳压器会通过power_out引脚自动检测

Voltage Regulators (VR, or U with regulator part number)

电压稳压器（VR，或带有稳压器型号的U）

Question: What is the maximum output current?
Look for: Output current spec in datasheet
Classify as: POWER_SOURCE with max output current

问题：最大输出电流是多少？
查找要点：datasheet中的输出电流规格
分类为：带有最大输出电流的POWER_SOURCE

Step 5: Trace Power Paths

步骤5：追踪电源路径

After classifying all components:

python

paths = trace_power_paths(pcb_data, components)
recommendations = get_power_net_recommendations(pcb_data, components, paths)

完成所有元件分类后：

python

paths = trace_power_paths(pcb_data, components)
recommendations = get_power_net_recommendations(pcb_data, components, paths)

Step 6: Generate Report

步骤6：生成报告

python

print(format_analysis_report(pcb_data, components, paths, recommendations))

Provide the user with:

Summary of component classifications
Traced power paths showing current flow
Recommended power nets and track widths
Ready-to-use
```
--power-nets
```
command line arguments

python

print(format_analysis_report(pcb_data, components, paths, recommendations))

向用户提供：

元件分类摘要
显示电流流向的已追踪电源路径
推荐的电源网络和走线宽度
可直接使用的
```
--power-nets
```
命令行参数

Example Analysis Session

示例分析会话

When analyzing a board like kit-dev-coldfire-xilinx_5213:

J201 (JACK_2P): WebSearch "DC barrel jack 2.1mm" → POWER_SOURCE, 1000mA
TB201 (CONN_2): Terminal block on same net as J201 → POWER_SOURCE, 1000mA
D201 (1N4004): WebSearch "1N4004 datasheet" → Rectifier, but connected cathode-to-power → SHUNT (reverse protection)
Q101 (3906): WebSearch "2N3906 PNP transistor" → Emitter on +3.3V → PASS_THROUGH (power switch)
U102 (MCF5213): WebSearch "MCF5213 power consumption" → CURRENT_SINK, 200mA
U301 (XCR3256): WebSearch "XCR3256 CPLD power" → CURRENT_SINK, 150mA

分析kit-dev-coldfire-xilinx_5213这类电路板时：

J201 (JACK_2P)：WebSearch "DC barrel jack 2.1mm" → POWER_SOURCE，1000mA
TB201 (CONN_2)：与J201同网络的接线端子 → POWER_SOURCE，1000mA
D201 (1N4004)：WebSearch "1N4004 datasheet" → 整流二极管，但阴极接电源 → SHUNT（反向保护）
Q101 (3906)：WebSearch "2N3906 PNP transistor" → 发射极接+3.3V → PASS_THROUGH（电源开关）
U102 (MCF5213)：WebSearch "MCF5213 power consumption" → CURRENT_SINK，200mA
U301 (XCR3256)：WebSearch "XCR3256 CPLD power" → CURRENT_SINK，150mA

Output Format

输出格式

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Power Net Analysis for board.kicad_pcb

AI-Classified Components

Ref	Value	Role	Current	Notes
J201	JACK_2P	POWER_SOURCE	1000mA	DC power input
U102	MCF5213	CURRENT_SINK	200mA	ColdFire MCU

Ref	Value	Role	Current	Notes
J201	JACK_2P	POWER_SOURCE	1000mA	DC power input
U102	MCF5213	CURRENT_SINK	200mA	ColdFire MCU

Power Paths Traced

TB201 (power input) → SW_ONOFF201 → F201 → VR201 → +3.3V → U102 (MCU)

Recommended Power Nets

Net	Width	Reason
Net-(TB201-P1)	0.5mm	Power input path
Net-(F201-Pad1)	0.5mm	After fuse
+3.3V	0.5mm	Main rail, 500mA total
/VDDPLL	0.3mm	PLL supply, 10mA

Net	Width	Reason
Net-(TB201-P1)	0.5mm	Power input path
Net-(F201-Pad1)	0.5mm	After fuse
+3.3V	0.5mm	Main rail, 500mA total
/VDDPLL	0.3mm	PLL supply, 10mA

Routing Command

--power-nets "GND" "+3.3V" "/VDDPLL" "/VCCA" "Net-(TB201-P1)" --power-nets-widths 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.5

undefined

--power-nets "GND" "+3.3V" "/VDDPLL" "/VCCA" "Net-(TB201-P1)" --power-nets-widths 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.5

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Important Notes

重要说明

Do not rely on component reference prefixes for ICs, connectors, or transistors - always look up the actual part
Check net connections - a connector on a power net is likely a power connector
Trace upstream - if a component feeds into a known power net, its input is also a power net
Ground nets are always power nets - include GND, GNDA, AGND, VSS, etc.

不要依赖元件参考前缀来判断IC、连接器或晶体管的类型——务必查询实际元件型号
检查网络连接——连接到电源网络的连接器很可能是电源连接器
向上游追踪——如果一个元件连接到已知的电源网络，那么它的输入也是电源网络
地网络始终属于电源网络——包括GND、GNDA、AGND、VSS等

analyze-power-nets

Original

Translation

Analyze Power Nets

分析电源网络

Step 1: Load and Extract Components

步骤1：加载并提取元件

Step 2: Auto-Classify Obvious Components

步骤2：自动分类明显元件

Step 3: AI Analysis for Unknown Components

步骤3：未知元件的AI分析

3a. Identify What It Is

3a. 识别元件类型

3b. Determine Its Role

3b. 确定元件角色

3c. Estimate Current Rating

3c. 估算电流额定值

3d. Apply Classification

3d. 应用分类

Step 4: Key Components to Analyze

步骤4：重点分析的元件类型

Power Input Connectors (J*, P*, TB*, CN*)

电源输入连接器（J*, P*, TB*, CN*）

Diodes (D* followed by digit)

二极管（D*后跟数字）

Transistors (Q*)

晶体管（Q*）

ICs (U*)

IC（U*）

Voltage Regulators (VR*, or U* with regulator part number)

电压稳压器（VR*，或带有稳压器型号的U*）

Step 5: Trace Power Paths

步骤5：追踪电源路径

Step 6: Generate Report

步骤6：生成报告

Example Analysis Session

示例分析会话

Output Format

输出格式

Power Net Analysis for board.kicad_pcb

Power Net Analysis for board.kicad_pcb

AI-Classified Components

AI-Classified Components

Power Paths Traced

Power Paths Traced

Recommended Power Nets

Recommended Power Nets

Routing Command

Routing Command

Important Notes

重要说明

Power Input Connectors (J, P, TB, CN)

电源输入连接器（J, P, TB, CN）

Voltage Regulators (VR, or U with regulator part number)

电压稳压器（VR，或带有稳压器型号的U）