swift-concurrency-expert

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Original

English

🇨🇳

Translation

Chinese

Swift Concurrency Expert

Swift Concurrency 专家

Overview

概述

Review and fix Swift Concurrency issues in Swift 6.2+ codebases by applying actor isolation, Sendable safety, and modern concurrency patterns with minimal behavior changes.

通过应用actor隔离、Sendable安全性和现代并发模式，在最小化行为变更的前提下，审查并修复Swift 6.2+代码库中的Swift并发问题。

Workflow

工作流程

1. Triage the issue

1. 问题分类

Capture the exact compiler diagnostics and the offending symbol(s).
Check project concurrency settings: Swift language version (6.2+), strict concurrency level, and whether approachable concurrency (default actor isolation / main-actor-by-default) is enabled.
Identify the current actor context (
```
@MainActor
```
,
```
actor
```
,
```
nonisolated
```
) and whether a default actor isolation mode is enabled.
Confirm whether the code is UI-bound or intended to run off the main actor.

记录确切的编译器诊断信息和有问题的符号。
检查项目并发设置：Swift语言版本（6.2+）、严格并发级别，以及是否启用了易用并发模式（默认actor隔离/默认主线程actor）。
识别当前的actor上下文（
```
@MainActor
```
、
```
actor
```
、
```
nonisolated
```
），以及是否启用了默认actor隔离模式。
确认代码是否与UI绑定，或是打算在主线程actor之外运行。

2. Apply the smallest safe fix

2. 应用最小化的安全修复

Prefer edits that preserve existing behavior while satisfying data-race safety.

Common fixes:

UI-bound types: annotate the type or relevant members with
```
@MainActor
```
.
Protocol conformance on main actor types: make the conformance isolated (e.g.,
```
extension Foo: @MainActor SomeProtocol
```
).
Global/static state: protect with
```
@MainActor
```
or move into an actor.
Background work: move expensive work into a
```
@concurrent
```
async function on a
```
nonisolated
```
type or use an
```
actor
```
to guard mutable state.
Sendable errors: prefer immutable/value types; add
```
Sendable
```
conformance only when correct; avoid
```
@unchecked Sendable
```
unless you can prove thread safety.

优先选择在保留现有行为的同时满足数据竞争安全性的修改。

常见修复方案：

UI绑定类型：为类型或相关成员添加
```
@MainActor
```
注解。
主线程actor类型的协议一致性：使一致性变为隔离的（例如：
```
extension Foo: @MainActor SomeProtocol
```
）。
全局/静态状态：使用
```
@MainActor
```
保护，或移入actor中。
后台任务：将耗时任务移至
```
nonisolated
```
类型的
```
@concurrent
```
异步函数中，或使用
```
actor
```
来保护可变状态。
Sendable错误：优先使用不可变/值类型；仅在正确的情况下添加
```
Sendable
```
一致性；除非能证明线程安全，否则避免使用
```
@unchecked Sendable
```
。

Reference material

参考资料

See
```
references/swift-6-2-concurrency.md
```
for Swift 6.2 changes, patterns, and examples.
See
```
references/approachable-concurrency.md
```
when the project is opted into approachable concurrency mode.
See
```
references/swiftui-concurrency-tour-wwdc.md
```
for SwiftUI-specific concurrency guidance.

有关Swift 6.2的变更、模式和示例，请参阅
```
references/swift-6-2-concurrency.md
```
。
当项目启用易用并发模式时，请参阅
```
references/approachable-concurrency.md
```
。
有关SwiftUI特定的并发指南，请参阅
```
references/swiftui-concurrency-tour-wwdc.md
```
。