aws-serverless
Compare original and translation side by side
🇺🇸
Original
English🇨🇳
Translation
ChineseAWS Serverless
AWS Serverless
Patterns
模式
Lambda Handler Pattern
Lambda处理器模式
Proper Lambda function structure with error handling
When to use: ['Any Lambda function implementation', 'API handlers, event processors, scheduled tasks']
python
```javascript
// Node.js Lambda Handler
// handler.js
// Initialize outside handler (reused across invocations)
const { DynamoDBClient } = require('@aws-sdk/client-dynamodb');
const { DynamoDBDocumentClient, GetCommand } = require('@aws-sdk/lib-dynamodb');
const client = new DynamoDBClient({});
const docClient = DynamoDBDocumentClient.from(client);
// Handler function
exports.handler = async (event, context) => {
// Optional: Don't wait for event loop to clear (Node.js)
context.callbackWaitsForEmptyEventLoop = false;
try {
// Parse input based on event source
const body = typeof event.body === 'string'
? JSON.parse(event.body)
: event.body;
// Business logic
const result = await processRequest(body);
// Return API Gateway compatible response
return {
statusCode: 200,
headers: {
'Content-Type': 'application/json',
'Access-Control-Allow-Origin': '*'
},
body: JSON.stringify(result)
};
} catch (error) {
console.error('Error:', JSON.stringify({
error: error.message,
stack: error.stack,
requestId: context.awsRequestId
}));
return {
statusCode: error.statusCode || 500,
headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
body: JSON.stringify({
error: error.message || 'Internal server error'
})
};
}
};
async function processRequest(data) {
// Your business logic here
const result = await docClient.send(new GetCommand({
TableName: process.env.TABLE_NAME,
Key: { id: data.id }
}));
return result.Item;
}python
undefined带错误处理的规范Lambda函数结构
适用场景: ['任意Lambda函数实现', 'API处理器、事件处理器、定时任务']
python
```javascript
// Node.js Lambda Handler
// handler.js
// Initialize outside handler (reused across invocations)
const { DynamoDBClient } = require('@aws-sdk/client-dynamodb');
const { DynamoDBDocumentClient, GetCommand } = require('@aws-sdk/lib-dynamodb');
const client = new DynamoDBClient({});
const docClient = DynamoDBDocumentClient.from(client);
// Handler function
exports.handler = async (event, context) => {
// Optional: Don't wait for event loop to clear (Node.js)
context.callbackWaitsForEmptyEventLoop = false;
try {
// Parse input based on event source
const body = typeof event.body === 'string'
? JSON.parse(event.body)
: event.body;
// Business logic
const result = await processRequest(body);
// Return API Gateway compatible response
return {
statusCode: 200,
headers: {
'Content-Type': 'application/json',
'Access-Control-Allow-Origin': '*'
},
body: JSON.stringify(result)
};
} catch (error) {
console.error('Error:', JSON.stringify({
error: error.message,
stack: error.stack,
requestId: context.awsRequestId
}));
return {
statusCode: error.statusCode || 500,
headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
body: JSON.stringify({
error: error.message || 'Internal server error'
})
};
}
};
async function processRequest(data) {
// Your business logic here
const result = await docClient.send(new GetCommand({
TableName: process.env.TABLE_NAME,
Key: { id: data.id }
}));
return result.Item;
}python
undefinedPython Lambda Handler
Python Lambda Handler
handler.py
handler.py
import json
import os
import logging
import boto3
from botocore.exceptions import ClientError
import json
import os
import logging
import boto3
from botocore.exceptions import ClientError
Initialize outside handler (reused across invocations)
Initialize outside handler (reused across invocations)
logger = logging.getLogger()
logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)
dynamodb = boto3.resource('dynamodb')
table = dynamodb.Table(os.environ['TABLE_NAME'])
def handler(event, context):
try:
# Parse i
undefinedlogger = logging.getLogger()
logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)
dynamodb = boto3.resource('dynamodb')
table = dynamodb.Table(os.environ['TABLE_NAME'])
def handler(event, context):
try:
# Parse i
undefinedAPI Gateway Integration Pattern
API Gateway集成模式
REST API and HTTP API integration with Lambda
When to use: ['Building REST APIs backed by Lambda', 'Need HTTP endpoints for functions']
javascript
```yamlREST API和HTTP API与Lambda的集成方案
适用场景: ['构建基于Lambda的REST API', '需要为函数提供HTTP端点']
javascript
```yamltemplate.yaml (SAM)
template.yaml (SAM)
AWSTemplateFormatVersion: '2010-09-09'
Transform: AWS::Serverless-2016-10-31
Globals:
Function:
Runtime: nodejs20.x
Timeout: 30
MemorySize: 256
Environment:
Variables:
TABLE_NAME: !Ref ItemsTable
Resources:
HTTP API (recommended for simple use cases)
HttpApi:
Type: AWS::Serverless::HttpApi
Properties:
StageName: prod
CorsConfiguration:
AllowOrigins:
- ""
AllowMethods:
- GET
- POST
- DELETE
AllowHeaders:
- ""
Lambda Functions
GetItemFunction:
Type: AWS::Serverless::Function
Properties:
Handler: src/handlers/get.handler
Events:
GetItem:
Type: HttpApi
Properties:
ApiId: !Ref HttpApi
Path: /items/{id}
Method: GET
Policies:
- DynamoDBReadPolicy:
TableName: !Ref ItemsTable
CreateItemFunction:
Type: AWS::Serverless::Function
Properties:
Handler: src/handlers/create.handler
Events:
CreateItem:
Type: HttpApi
Properties:
ApiId: !Ref HttpApi
Path: /items
Method: POST
Policies:
- DynamoDBCrudPolicy:
TableName: !Ref ItemsTable
DynamoDB Table
ItemsTable:
Type: AWS::DynamoDB::Table
Properties:
AttributeDefinitions:
- AttributeName: id
AttributeType: S
KeySchema:
- AttributeName: id
KeyType: HASH
BillingMode: PAY_PER_REQUEST
Outputs:
ApiUrl:
Value: !Sub "https://${HttpApi}.execute-api.${AWS::Region}.amazonaws.com/prod"
```javascript
// src/handlers/get.js
const { getItem } = require('../lib/dynamodb');
exports.handler = async (event) => {
const id = event.pathParameters?.id;
if (!id) {
return {
statusCode: 400,
body: JSON.stringify({ error: 'Missing id parameter' })
};
}
const item =AWSTemplateFormatVersion: '2010-09-09'
Transform: AWS::Serverless-2016-10-31
Globals:
Function:
Runtime: nodejs20.x
Timeout: 30
MemorySize: 256
Environment:
Variables:
TABLE_NAME: !Ref ItemsTable
Resources:
HTTP API (recommended for simple use cases)
HttpApi:
Type: AWS::Serverless::HttpApi
Properties:
StageName: prod
CorsConfiguration:
AllowOrigins:
- ""
AllowMethods:
- GET
- POST
- DELETE
AllowHeaders:
- ""
Lambda Functions
GetItemFunction:
Type: AWS::Serverless::Function
Properties:
Handler: src/handlers/get.handler
Events:
GetItem:
Type: HttpApi
Properties:
ApiId: !Ref HttpApi
Path: /items/{id}
Method: GET
Policies:
- DynamoDBReadPolicy:
TableName: !Ref ItemsTable
CreateItemFunction:
Type: AWS::Serverless::Function
Properties:
Handler: src/handlers/create.handler
Events:
CreateItem:
Type: HttpApi
Properties:
ApiId: !Ref HttpApi
Path: /items
Method: POST
Policies:
- DynamoDBCrudPolicy:
TableName: !Ref ItemsTable
DynamoDB Table
ItemsTable:
Type: AWS::DynamoDB::Table
Properties:
AttributeDefinitions:
- AttributeName: id
AttributeType: S
KeySchema:
- AttributeName: id
KeyType: HASH
BillingMode: PAY_PER_REQUEST
Outputs:
ApiUrl:
Value: !Sub "https://${HttpApi}.execute-api.${AWS::Region}.amazonaws.com/prod"
```javascript
// src/handlers/get.js
const { getItem } = require('../lib/dynamodb');
exports.handler = async (event) => {
const id = event.pathParameters?.id;
if (!id) {
return {
statusCode: 400,
body: JSON.stringify({ error: 'Missing id parameter' })
};
}
const item =Event-Driven SQS Pattern
事件驱动SQS模式
Lambda triggered by SQS for reliable async processing
When to use: ['Decoupled, asynchronous processing', 'Need retry logic and DLQ', 'Processing messages in batches']
python
```yamlSQS触发Lambda实现可靠的异步处理
适用场景: ['解耦的异步处理场景', '需要重试逻辑和死信队列', '批量处理消息']
python
```yamltemplate.yaml
template.yaml
Resources:
ProcessorFunction:
Type: AWS::Serverless::Function
Properties:
Handler: src/handlers/processor.handler
Events:
SQSEvent:
Type: SQS
Properties:
Queue: !GetAtt ProcessingQueue.Arn
BatchSize: 10
FunctionResponseTypes:
- ReportBatchItemFailures # Partial batch failure handling
ProcessingQueue:
Type: AWS::SQS::Queue
Properties:
VisibilityTimeout: 180 # 6x Lambda timeout
RedrivePolicy:
deadLetterTargetArn: !GetAtt DeadLetterQueue.Arn
maxReceiveCount: 3
DeadLetterQueue:
Type: AWS::SQS::Queue
Properties:
MessageRetentionPeriod: 1209600 # 14 days
```javascript
// src/handlers/processor.js
exports.handler = async (event) => {
const batchItemFailures = [];
for (const record of event.Records) {
try {
const body = JSON.parse(record.body);
await processMessage(body);
} catch (error) {
console.error(`Failed to process message ${record.messageId}:`, error);
// Report this item as failed (will be retried)
batchItemFailures.push({
itemIdentifier: record.messageId
});
}
}
// Return failed items for retry
return { batchItemFailures };
};
async function processMessage(message) {
// Your processing logic
console.log('Processing:', message);
// Simulate work
await saveToDatabase(message);
}python
undefinedResources:
ProcessorFunction:
Type: AWS::Serverless::Function
Properties:
Handler: src/handlers/processor.handler
Events:
SQSEvent:
Type: SQS
Properties:
Queue: !GetAtt ProcessingQueue.Arn
BatchSize: 10
FunctionResponseTypes:
- ReportBatchItemFailures # Partial batch failure handling
ProcessingQueue:
Type: AWS::SQS::Queue
Properties:
VisibilityTimeout: 180 # 6x Lambda timeout
RedrivePolicy:
deadLetterTargetArn: !GetAtt DeadLetterQueue.Arn
maxReceiveCount: 3
DeadLetterQueue:
Type: AWS::SQS::Queue
Properties:
MessageRetentionPeriod: 1209600 # 14 days
```javascript
// src/handlers/processor.js
exports.handler = async (event) => {
const batchItemFailures = [];
for (const record of event.Records) {
try {
const body = JSON.parse(record.body);
await processMessage(body);
} catch (error) {
console.error(`Failed to process message ${record.messageId}:`, error);
// Report this item as failed (will be retried)
batchItemFailures.push({
itemIdentifier: record.messageId
});
}
}
// Return failed items for retry
return { batchItemFailures };
};
async function processMessage(message) {
// Your processing logic
console.log('Processing:', message);
// Simulate work
await saveToDatabase(message);
}python
undefinedPython version
Python version
import json
import logging
logger = logging.getLogger()
def handler(event, context):
batch_item_failures = []
for record in event['Records']:
try:
body = json.loads(record['body'])
process_message(body)
except Exception as e:
logger.error(f"Failed to process {record['messageId']}: {e}")
batch_item_failures.append({
'itemIdentifier': record['messageId']
})
return {'batchItemFailures': batch_iteundefinedimport json
import logging
logger = logging.getLogger()
def handler(event, context):
batch_item_failures = []
for record in event['Records']:
try:
body = json.loads(record['body'])
process_message(body)
except Exception as e:
logger.error(f"Failed to process {record['messageId']}: {e}")
batch_item_failures.append({
'itemIdentifier': record['messageId']
})
return {'batchItemFailures': batch_iteundefinedAnti-Patterns
反模式
❌ Monolithic Lambda
❌ 单体Lambda
Why bad: Large deployment packages cause slow cold starts.
Hard to scale individual operations.
Updates affect entire system.
弊端:部署包体积过大会导致冷启动缓慢,单个操作难以独立扩展,更新会影响整个系统。
❌ Large Dependencies
❌ 依赖体积过大
Why bad: Increases deployment package size.
Slows down cold starts significantly.
Most of SDK/library may be unused.
弊端:会增加部署包大小,大幅拖慢冷启动速度,SDK/库的大部分功能可能并未被使用。
❌ Synchronous Calls in VPC
❌ VPC内同步调用
Why bad: VPC-attached Lambdas have ENI setup overhead.
Blocking DNS lookups or connections worsen cold starts.
弊端:挂载VPC的Lambda存在ENI设置开销,阻塞式DNS查询或连接会进一步恶化冷启动性能。
⚠️ Sharp Edges
⚠️ 注意事项
| Issue | Severity | Solution |
|---|---|---|
| Issue | high | ## Measure your INIT phase |
| Issue | high | ## Set appropriate timeout |
| Issue | high | ## Increase memory allocation |
| Issue | medium | ## Verify VPC configuration |
| Issue | medium | ## Tell Lambda not to wait for event loop |
| Issue | medium | ## For large file uploads |
| Issue | high | ## Use different buckets/prefixes |
| 问题 | 严重程度 | 解决方案 |
|---|---|---|
| 问题 | 高 | ## 测量INIT阶段耗时 |
| 问题 | 高 | ## 设置合理的超时时间 |
| 问题 | 高 | ## 增加内存分配 |
| 问题 | 中 | ## 校验VPC配置 |
| 问题 | 中 | ## 配置Lambda无需等待事件循环清空 |
| 问题 | 中 | ## 大文件上传场景处理方案 |
| 问题 | 高 | ## 使用不同的存储桶/前缀 |