cobol-migration-analyzer

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COBOL Migration Analyzer

COBOL迁移分析工具

Analyze legacy COBOL programs and JCL scripts for migration to Java. Extract business logic, data structures, and dependencies to generate actionable migration strategies.

分析遗留COBOL程序和JCL脚本，以迁移至Java。提取业务逻辑、数据结构和依赖关系，生成可执行的迁移策略。

Core Capabilities

核心功能

1. COBOL Program Analysis

1. COBOL程序分析

Extract COBOL divisions (IDENTIFICATION, ENVIRONMENT, DATA, PROCEDURE), Working-Storage variables, file definitions (FD), business logic paragraphs, PERFORM statements, CALL hierarchies, embedded SQL, and error handling patterns.

提取COBOL的各个部（IDENTIFICATION、ENVIRONMENT、DATA、PROCEDURE）、工作存储变量、文件定义（FD）、业务逻辑段落、PERFORM语句、CALL调用层级、嵌入式SQL以及错误处理模式。

2. JCL Job Analysis

2. JCL作业分析

Parse JCL job steps, program invocations, data dependencies (DD statements), conditional logic (COND, IF/THEN/ELSE), return codes, and resource requirements.

解析JCL作业步骤、程序调用、数据依赖（DD语句）、条件逻辑（COND、IF/THEN/ELSE）、返回码以及资源需求。

3. Copybook Processing

3. Copybook处理

Extract record layouts with level numbers, REDEFINES clauses, group items, OCCURS clauses, and picture clauses. Generate Java POJOs from copybook structures.

提取带有层级编号、REDEFINES子句、组项、OCCURS子句和PICTURE子句的记录布局。根据copybook结构生成Java POJO。

4. Dependency Mapping

4. 依赖关系映射

Build complete dependency graphs showing CALL hierarchies, copybook usage, file dependencies, database table access, and shared utility references across the codebase.

构建完整的依赖关系图，展示整个代码库中的CALL调用层级、copybook使用情况、文件依赖、数据库表访问以及共享工具引用。

Workflow

工作流程

Step 1: Discover COBOL Assets

步骤1：发现COBOL资产

Find COBOL programs, JCL jobs, and copybooks:

bash

find . -name "*.cbl" -o -name "*.CBL" -o -name "*.cob"
find . -name "*.jcl" -o -name "*.JCL"
find . -name "*.cpy" -o -name "*.CPY"

Use

scripts/analyze-dependencies.sh

scripts/analyze-dependencies.ps1

to generate dependency graph.

查找COBOL程序、JCL作业和copybook：

bash

find . -name "*.cbl" -o -name "*.CBL" -o -name "*.cob"
find . -name "*.jcl" -o -name "*.JCL"
find . -name "*.cpy" -o -name "*.CPY"

使用

scripts/analyze-dependencies.sh

或

scripts/analyze-dependencies.ps1

生成依赖关系图。

Step 2: Extract Structure

步骤2：提取结构

Use

scripts/extract-structure.py

to parse COBOL programs and extract divisions, variables, paragraphs, and dependencies in JSON format.

使用

scripts/extract-structure.py

解析COBOL程序，以JSON格式提取各个部、变量、段落和依赖关系。

Step 3: Generate Java Code

步骤3：生成Java代码

Use

scripts/generate-java-classes.py

to convert copybooks to Java POJOs with appropriate data types and Bean Validation annotations.

使用

scripts/generate-java-classes.py

将copybook转换为带有适当数据类型和Bean Validation注解的Java POJO。

Step 4: Estimate Complexity

步骤4：评估复杂度

Use

scripts/estimate-complexity.py

to calculate migration complexity based on LOC, external calls, file operations, SQL statements, and control flow.

使用

scripts/estimate-complexity.py

根据代码行数（LOC）、外部调用、文件操作、SQL语句和控制流计算迁移复杂度。

Step 5: Create Migration Strategy

步骤5：制定迁移策略

Document program overview, dependencies, data structures, business logic patterns, proposed Java design, migration estimate, and action items.

记录程序概述、依赖关系、数据结构、业务逻辑模式、拟采用的Java设计、迁移估算和行动项。

Quick Reference

快速参考

COBOL to Java Type Mapping

COBOL到Java类型映射

COBOL Picture	Java Type	Notes
`PIC 9(n)`	`int` , `long` , `BigInteger`	Unsigned numeric
`PIC S9(n)`	`int` , `long` , `BigInteger`	Signed numeric
`PIC 9(n)V9(m)`	`BigDecimal`	Unsigned decimal
`PIC S9(n)V9(m)`	`BigDecimal`	Signed decimal
`PIC S9(n)V9(m) COMP-3`	`BigDecimal`	Packed decimal - critical precision!
`PIC S9(n) COMP` / `BINARY`	`int` , `long`	Binary storage
`PIC S9(n) COMP-1`	`float`	Single precision (avoid for financial)
`PIC S9(n) COMP-2`	`double`	Double precision (avoid for financial)
`PIC X(n)`	`String`	Alphanumeric/character
`PIC A(n)`	`String`	Alphabetic only
`PIC N(n)`	`String`	National/Unicode
`OCCURS n`	`List<T>` or `T[]`	Fixed arrays/tables
`OCCURS n DEPENDING ON`	`List<T>`	Variable-length arrays
`88 level`	`enum` or constants	Condition names
`INDEX`	`int`	Table index (1-based in COBOL)

COBOL Picture	Java Type	说明
`PIC 9(n)`	`int` , `long` , `BigInteger`	无符号数值
`PIC S9(n)`	`int` , `long` , `BigInteger`	有符号数值
`PIC 9(n)V9(m)`	`BigDecimal`	无符号十进制
`PIC S9(n)V9(m)`	`BigDecimal`	有符号十进制
`PIC S9(n)V9(m) COMP-3`	`BigDecimal`	压缩十进制 - 精度至关重要！
`PIC S9(n) COMP` / `BINARY`	`int` , `long`	二进制存储
`PIC S9(n) COMP-1`	`float`	单精度（财务场景避免使用）
`PIC S9(n) COMP-2`	`double`	双精度（财务场景避免使用）
`PIC X(n)`	`String`	字母数字/字符型
`PIC A(n)`	`String`	仅字母
`PIC N(n)`	`String`	国家/Unicode
`OCCURS n`	`List<T>` or `T[]`	固定数组/表
`OCCURS n DEPENDING ON`	`List<T>`	可变长度数组
`88 level`	`enum` or constants	条件名称
`INDEX`	`int`	表索引（COBOL中为1-based）

Common Pattern Conversions

常见模式转换

File I/O:
```
READ...AT END
```
→
```
BufferedReader
```
with try-with-resources or NIO streams
File updates:
```
REWRITE
```
→ Update operations in DB or file systems
Table lookup:
```
SEARCH
```
→ Linear search with streams

Binary search:

SEARCH ALL

→

Collections.binarySearch()

stream().filter().findFirst()

String operations:

STRING/UNSTRING

→

StringBuilder

String.split()

Inspection:
```
INSPECT
```
→
```
String.replace()
```
,
```
replaceAll()
```
, or regex
CALL statements: → Method calls or service invocations
EVALUATE: →
```
switch
```
statement (Java 14+ with enhanced switch)
Date arithmetic:
```
FUNCTION INTEGER-OF-DATE
```
→
```
LocalDate
```
operations
ACCEPT DATE/TIME: →
```
LocalDate.now()
```
,
```
LocalTime.now()
```
Condition names (Level 88): →
```
enum
```
or typed constants
Computed GO TO: → Strategy pattern or switch statement
REDEFINES: → Union types, ByteBuffer views, or separate accessor classes
COPY statements: → Package imports or shared entity classes

文件I/O：
```
READ...AT END
```
→ 使用带try-with-resources的
```
BufferedReader
```
或NIO流
文件更新：
```
REWRITE
```
→ 数据库或文件系统中的更新操作
表查找：
```
SEARCH
```
→ 使用流进行线性搜索

二分查找：

SEARCH ALL

→

Collections.binarySearch()

或

stream().filter().findFirst()

字符串操作：

STRING/UNSTRING

→

StringBuilder

或

String.split()

检查操作：
```
INSPECT
```
→
```
String.replace()
```
、
```
replaceAll()
```
或正则表达式
CALL语句：→ 方法调用或服务调用
EVALUATE：→
```
switch
```
语句（Java 14+ 增强版switch）
日期运算：
```
FUNCTION INTEGER-OF-DATE
```
→
```
LocalDate
```
操作

获取日期/时间：

ACCEPT DATE/TIME

→

LocalDate.now()

、

LocalTime.now()

条件名称（Level 88）：→
```
enum
```
或类型化常量
计算式GO TO：→ 策略模式或switch语句
REDEFINES：→ 联合类型、ByteBuffer视图或单独的访问器类
COPY语句：→ 包导入或共享实体类

Example: Copybook to Java POJO

示例：Copybook转Java POJO

COBOL Copybook:

cobol

01  EMPLOYEE-RECORD.
    05  EMP-ID        PIC 9(6).
    05  EMP-NAME      PIC X(30).
    05  EMP-SALARY    PIC S9(7)V99 COMP-3.

Generated Java:

java

public class EmployeeRecord {
    private int empId;
    private String empName;
    private BigDecimal empSalary;
    // getters/setters
}

COBOL Copybook：

cobol

01  EMPLOYEE-RECORD.
    05  EMP-ID        PIC 9(6).
    05  EMP-NAME      PIC X(30).
    05  EMP-SALARY    PIC S9(7)V99 COMP-3.

生成的Java代码：

java

public class EmployeeRecord {
    private int empId;
    private String empName;
    private BigDecimal empSalary;
    // getters/setters
}

Migration Considerations

迁移注意事项

Critical Patterns:

ALWAYS use
```
BigDecimal
```
for COMP-3 and numeric with decimals (never float/double)
Preserve precision: Use
```
BigDecimal
```
with exact scale for financial calculations
1-based indexing: Document that COBOL arrays start at 1, Java at 0
Implicit conversions: Make COBOL's automatic numeric↔string conversions explicit
REDEFINES: Model as union type, ByteBuffer overlay, or separate view classes
Computed GO TO: Refactor to strategy pattern or switch statement
ALTER statement: Refactor to structured control flow (if/while/switch)
PERFORM THRU: Map to single method containing full paragraph range
BY REFERENCE vs BY CONTENT: Document parameter passing semantics
Test rigorously: Validate with production data samples, especially for COMP-3

Output Requirements:

Program overview and type classification
Complete dependency graph (CALL tree, copybooks, files, DB tables)
Data structure mapping (copybooks → Java classes)
Business logic summary (key paragraphs → methods)
Proposed Java architecture (services, repositories, entities)
Migration effort estimate (complexity score, LOC, risk factors)
Prioritized action items

关键模式：

始终对COMP-3和带小数的数值使用
```
BigDecimal
```
（绝不要用float/double）
保留精度：对财务计算使用带精确刻度的
```
BigDecimal
```
1-based索引：注意COBOL数组从1开始，Java从0开始
隐式转换：将COBOL自动的数值↔字符串转换显式化
REDEFINES：建模为联合类型、ByteBuffer覆盖层或单独的视图类
计算式GO TO：重构为策略模式或switch语句
ALTER语句：重构为结构化控制流（if/while/switch）
PERFORM THRU：映射为包含完整段落范围的单个方法
BY REFERENCE vs BY CONTENT：记录参数传递语义
严格测试：使用生产数据样本进行验证，尤其是COMP-3类型

输出要求：

程序概述和类型分类
完整的依赖关系图（调用树、copybook、文件、数据库表）
数据结构映射（copybook → Java类）
业务逻辑摘要（关键段落 → 方法）
拟采用的Java架构（服务、仓库、实体）
迁移工作量估算（复杂度评分、代码行数、风险因素）
优先级行动项

Advanced Topics

高级主题

For detailed conversion rules and patterns, see:

pseudocode-cobol-rules.md - Comprehensive COBOL to pseudocode conversion rules including data types, statements, file operations, string operations, table operations, program control, translation patterns, and common gotchas
pseudocode-common-rules.md - Common pseudocode syntax and conventions applicable to all languages
transaction-handling.md - Transaction management and rollback strategies for CICS/IMS to Java
messaging-integration.md - Message queue and async patterns (MQ, CICS queues to JMS/Kafka)
performance-patterns.md - Batch processing optimization and memory management
testing-strategy.md - Comprehensive testing including unit, integration, parallel validation, and data-driven testing

如需详细的转换规则和模式，请参阅：

pseudocode-cobol-rules.md - 完整的COBOL转伪代码转换规则，涵盖数据类型、语句、文件操作、字符串操作、表操作、程序控制、转换模式以及常见陷阱
pseudocode-common-rules.md - 适用于所有语言的通用伪代码语法和约定
transaction-handling.md - CICS/IMS到Java的事务管理和回滚策略
messaging-integration.md - 消息队列和异步模式（MQ、CICS队列到JMS/Kafka）
performance-patterns.md - 批处理优化和内存管理
testing-strategy.md - 全面测试，包括单元测试、集成测试、并行验证和数据驱动测试

Tools and Scripts

工具与脚本

All scripts support cross-platform execution (Windows PowerShell, bash):

```
analyze-dependencies.sh/ps1
```
- Generate dependency graph
```
extract-structure.py
```
- Parse COBOL structure to JSON
```
generate-java-classes.py
```
- Convert copybooks to Java POJOs
```
estimate-complexity.py
```
- Calculate migration complexity score

Scripts use standard libraries only and output JSON for easy integration with CI/CD pipelines.

所有脚本支持跨平台执行（Windows PowerShell、bash）：

```
analyze-dependencies.sh/ps1
```
- 生成依赖关系图
```
extract-structure.py
```
- 将COBOL结构解析为JSON
```
generate-java-classes.py
```
- 将copybook转换为Java POJO
```
estimate-complexity.py
```
- 计算迁移复杂度评分

脚本仅使用标准库，输出JSON格式，便于与CI/CD管道集成。